1 /*=========================================================================
2 Program: vv http://www.creatis.insa-lyon.fr/rio/vv
5 - University of LYON http://www.universite-lyon.fr/
6 - Léon Bérard cancer center http://oncora1.lyon.fnclcc.fr
7 - CREATIS CNRS laboratory http://www.creatis.insa-lyon.fr
9 This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even
10 the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
11 PURPOSE. See the copyright notices for more information.
13 It is distributed under dual licence
15 - BSD See included LICENSE.txt file
16 - CeCILL-B http://www.cecill.info/licences/Licence_CeCILL-B_V1-en.html
17 ======================================================================-====*/
19 /*=========================================================================
21 Program: Insight Segmentation & Registration Toolkit
22 Module: $RCSfile: itkOptMattesMutualInformationImageToImageMetricFor3DBLUTFFD.h,v $
24 Date: $Date: 2010/06/14 17:32:07 $
25 Version: $Revision: 1.1 $
27 Copyright (c) Insight Software Consortium. All rights reserved.
28 See ITKCopyright.txt or http://www.itk.org/HTML/Copyright.htm for details.
30 This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even
31 the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
32 PURPOSE. See the above copyright notices for more information.
34 =========================================================================*/
35 #ifndef __itkOptMattesMutualInformationImageToImageMetricFor3DBLUTFFD_h
36 #define __itkOptMattesMutualInformationImageToImageMetricFor3DBLUTFFD_h
38 #include "itkOptImageToImageMetric.h"
39 #include "itkCovariantVector.h"
42 #include "itkBSplineKernelFunction.h"
43 #include "itkBSplineDerivativeKernelFunction.h"
44 #include "itkCentralDifferenceImageFunction.h"
45 #include "itkBSplineInterpolateImageFunction.h"
46 #include "itkBSplineDeformableTransform.h"
47 #include "itkArray2D.h"
49 #include "itkMultiThreader.h"
54 /** \class MattesMutualInformationImageToImageMetricFor3DBLUTFFD
55 * \brief Computes the mutual information between two images to be
56 * registered using the method of Mattes et al.
58 * MattesMutualInformationImageToImageMetricFor3DBLUTFFD computes the mutual
59 * information between a fixed and moving image to be registered.
61 * This class is templated over the FixedImage type and the MovingImage
64 * The fixed and moving images are set via methods SetFixedImage() and
65 * SetMovingImage(). This metric makes use of user specified Transform and
66 * Interpolator. The Transform is used to map points from the fixed image to
67 * the moving image domain. The Interpolator is used to evaluate the image
68 * intensity at user specified geometric points in the moving image.
69 * The Transform and Interpolator are set via methods SetTransform() and
72 * If a BSplineInterpolationFunction is used, this class obtain
73 * image derivatives from the BSpline interpolator. Otherwise,
74 * image derivatives are computed using central differencing.
76 * \warning This metric assumes that the moving image has already been
77 * connected to the interpolator outside of this class.
79 * The method GetValue() computes of the mutual information
80 * while method GetValueAndDerivative() computes
81 * both the mutual information and its derivatives with respect to the
82 * transform parameters.
84 * The calculations are based on the method of Mattes et al [1,2]
85 * where the probability density distribution are estimated using
86 * Parzen histograms. Since the fixed image PDF does not contribute
87 * to the derivatives, it does not need to be smooth. Hence,
88 * a zero order (box car) BSpline kernel is used
89 * for the fixed image intensity PDF. On the other hand, to ensure
90 * smoothness a third order BSpline kernel is used for the
91 * moving image intensity PDF.
93 * On Initialize(), the FixedImage is uniformly sampled within
94 * the FixedImageRegion. The number of samples used can be set
95 * via SetNumberOfSpatialSamples(). Typically, the number of
96 * spatial samples used should increase with the image size.
98 * The option UseAllPixelOn() disables the random sampling and uses
99 * all the pixels of the FixedImageRegion in order to estimate the
100 * joint intensity PDF.
102 * During each call of GetValue(), GetDerivatives(),
103 * GetValueAndDerivatives(), marginal and joint intensity PDF's
104 * values are estimated at discrete position or bins.
105 * The number of bins used can be set via SetNumberOfHistogramBins().
106 * To handle data with arbitray magnitude and dynamic range,
107 * the image intensity is scale such that any contribution to the
108 * histogram will fall into a valid bin.
110 * One the PDF's have been contructed, the mutual information
111 * is obtained by doubling summing over the discrete PDF values.
115 * 1. This class returns the negative mutual information value.
116 * 2. This class in not thread safe due the private data structures
117 * used to the store the sampled points and the marginal and joint pdfs.
120 * [1] "Nonrigid multimodality image registration"
121 * D. Mattes, D. R. Haynor, H. Vesselle, T. Lewellen and W. Eubank
122 * Medical Imaging 2001: Image Processing, 2001, pp. 1609-1620.
123 * [2] "PET-CT Image Registration in the Chest Using Free-form Deformations"
124 * D. Mattes, D. R. Haynor, H. Vesselle, T. Lewellen and W. Eubank
125 * IEEE Transactions in Medical Imaging. Vol.22, No.1,
126 January 2003. pp.120-128.
127 * [3] "Optimization of Mutual Information for MultiResolution Image
129 * P. Thevenaz and M. Unser
130 * IEEE Transactions in Image Processing, 9(12) December 2000.
132 * \ingroup RegistrationMetrics
134 template <class TFixedImage,class TMovingImage >
135 class ITK_EXPORT MattesMutualInformationImageToImageMetricFor3DBLUTFFD :
136 public ImageToImageMetric< TFixedImage, TMovingImage >
140 /** Standard class typedefs. */
141 typedef MattesMutualInformationImageToImageMetricFor3DBLUTFFD Self;
142 typedef ImageToImageMetric< TFixedImage, TMovingImage > Superclass;
143 typedef SmartPointer<Self> Pointer;
144 typedef SmartPointer<const Self> ConstPointer;
146 /** Method for creation through the object factory. */
149 /** Run-time type information (and related methods). */
150 itkTypeMacro(MattesMutualInformationImageToImageMetricFor3DBLUTFFD,
153 /** Types inherited from Superclass. */
154 typedef typename Superclass::TransformType TransformType;
155 typedef typename Superclass::TransformPointer TransformPointer;
156 typedef typename Superclass::TransformJacobianType TransformJacobianType;
157 typedef typename Superclass::InterpolatorType InterpolatorType;
158 typedef typename Superclass::MeasureType MeasureType;
159 typedef typename Superclass::DerivativeType DerivativeType;
160 typedef typename Superclass::ParametersType ParametersType;
161 typedef typename Superclass::FixedImageType FixedImageType;
162 typedef typename Superclass::MovingImageType MovingImageType;
163 typedef typename Superclass::MovingImagePointType MovingImagePointType;
164 typedef typename Superclass::FixedImageConstPointer FixedImageConstPointer;
165 typedef typename Superclass::MovingImageConstPointer MovingImageConstPointer;
166 typedef typename Superclass::BSplineTransformWeightsType
167 BSplineTransformWeightsType;
168 typedef typename Superclass::BSplineTransformIndexArrayType
169 BSplineTransformIndexArrayType;
171 typedef typename Superclass::CoordinateRepresentationType
172 CoordinateRepresentationType;
173 typedef typename Superclass::FixedImageSampleContainer
174 FixedImageSampleContainer;
175 typedef typename Superclass::ImageDerivativesType ImageDerivativesType;
176 typedef typename Superclass::WeightsValueType WeightsValueType;
177 typedef typename Superclass::IndexValueType IndexValueType;
179 /** The moving image dimension. */
180 itkStaticConstMacro( MovingImageDimension, unsigned int,
181 MovingImageType::ImageDimension );
184 * Initialize the Metric by
185 * (1) making sure that all the components are present and plugged
186 * together correctly,
187 * (2) uniformly select NumberOfSpatialSamples within
188 * the FixedImageRegion, and
189 * (3) allocate memory for pdf data structures. */
190 virtual void Initialize(void) throw ( ExceptionObject );
192 /** Get the value. */
193 MeasureType GetValue( const ParametersType & parameters ) const;
195 /** Get the derivatives of the match measure. */
196 void GetDerivative( const ParametersType & parameters,
197 DerivativeType & Derivative ) const;
199 /** Get the value and derivatives for single valued optimizers. */
200 void GetValueAndDerivative( const ParametersType & parameters,
202 DerivativeType & Derivative ) const;
204 /** Number of bins to used in the histogram. Typical value is 50. */
205 itkSetClampMacro( NumberOfHistogramBins, unsigned long,
206 1, NumericTraits<unsigned long>::max() );
207 itkGetConstReferenceMacro( NumberOfHistogramBins, unsigned long);
209 /** This variable selects the method to be used for computing the Metric
210 * derivatives with respect to the Transform parameters. Two modes of
211 * computation are available. The choice between one and the other is a
212 * trade-off between computation speed and memory allocations. The two modes
213 * are described in detail below:
215 * UseExplicitPDFDerivatives = True
216 * will compute the Metric derivative by first calculating the derivatives of
217 * each one of the Joint PDF bins with respect to each one of the Transform
218 * parameters and then accumulating these contributions in the final metric
219 * derivative array by using a bin-specific weight. The memory required for
220 * storing the intermediate derivatives is a 3D array of doubles with size
221 * equals to the product of (number of histogram bins)^2 times number of
222 * transform parameters. This method is well suited for Transform with a small
223 * number of parameters.
225 * UseExplicitPDFDerivatives = False will compute the Metric derivative by
226 * first computing the weights for each one of the Joint PDF bins and caching
227 * them into an array. Then it will revisit each one of the PDF bins for
228 * computing its weighted contribution to the full derivative array. In this
229 * method an extra 2D array is used for storing the weights of each one of
230 * the PDF bins. This is an array of doubles with size equals to (number of
231 * histogram bins)^2. This method is well suited for Transforms with a large
232 * number of parameters, such as, BSplineDeformableTransforms. */
233 itkSetMacro(UseExplicitPDFDerivatives,bool);
234 itkGetConstReferenceMacro(UseExplicitPDFDerivatives,bool);
235 itkBooleanMacro(UseExplicitPDFDerivatives);
239 MattesMutualInformationImageToImageMetricFor3DBLUTFFD();
240 virtual ~MattesMutualInformationImageToImageMetricFor3DBLUTFFD();
241 void PrintSelf(std::ostream& os, Indent indent) const;
245 //purposely not implemented
246 MattesMutualInformationImageToImageMetricFor3DBLUTFFD(const Self &);
247 //purposely not implemented
248 void operator=(const Self &);
251 /** The marginal PDFs are stored as std::vector. */
252 typedef float PDFValueType;
253 typedef float * MarginalPDFType;
255 mutable MarginalPDFType m_FixedImageMarginalPDF;
257 /** The moving image marginal PDF. */
258 mutable MarginalPDFType m_MovingImageMarginalPDF;
260 /** Helper array for storing the values of the JointPDF ratios. */
261 typedef double PRatioType;
262 typedef Array2D< PRatioType > PRatioArrayType;
263 mutable PRatioArrayType m_PRatioArray;
265 /** Helper variable for accumulating the derivative of the metric. */
266 mutable DerivativeType m_MetricDerivative;
267 mutable DerivativeType * m_ThreaderMetricDerivative;
269 /** Typedef for the joint PDF and PDF derivatives are stored as ITK Images. */
270 typedef Image<PDFValueType,2> JointPDFType;
271 typedef Image<PDFValueType,3> JointPDFDerivativesType;
272 typedef JointPDFType::IndexType JointPDFIndexType;
273 typedef JointPDFType::PixelType JointPDFValueType;
274 typedef JointPDFType::RegionType JointPDFRegionType;
275 typedef JointPDFType::SizeType JointPDFSizeType;
276 typedef JointPDFDerivativesType::IndexType JointPDFDerivativesIndexType;
277 typedef JointPDFDerivativesType::PixelType JointPDFDerivativesValueType;
278 typedef JointPDFDerivativesType::RegionType JointPDFDerivativesRegionType;
279 typedef JointPDFDerivativesType::SizeType JointPDFDerivativesSizeType;
281 /** The joint PDF and PDF derivatives. */
282 typename JointPDFType::Pointer m_JointPDF;
283 unsigned long m_JointPDFBufferSize;
284 typename JointPDFDerivativesType::Pointer m_JointPDFDerivatives;
285 unsigned long m_JointPDFDerivativesBufferSize;
287 /** Variables to define the marginal and joint histograms. */
288 unsigned long m_NumberOfHistogramBins;
289 double m_MovingImageNormalizedMin;
290 double m_FixedImageNormalizedMin;
291 double m_FixedImageTrueMin;
292 double m_FixedImageTrueMax;
293 double m_MovingImageTrueMin;
294 double m_MovingImageTrueMax;
295 double m_FixedImageBinSize;
296 double m_MovingImageBinSize;
298 /** Typedefs for BSpline kernel and derivative functions. */
299 typedef BSplineKernelFunction<3> CubicBSplineFunctionType;
300 typedef BSplineDerivativeKernelFunction<3> CubicBSplineDerivativeFunctionType;
302 /** Cubic BSpline kernel for computing Parzen histograms. */
303 typename CubicBSplineFunctionType::Pointer m_CubicBSplineKernel;
304 typename CubicBSplineDerivativeFunctionType::Pointer
305 m_CubicBSplineDerivativeKernel;
307 /** Precompute fixed image parzen window indices. */
308 virtual void ComputeFixedImageParzenWindowIndices(
309 FixedImageSampleContainer & samples );
311 /** Compute PDF derivative contribution for each parameter. */
312 virtual void ComputePDFDerivatives( unsigned int threadID,
313 unsigned int sampleNumber,
314 int movingImageParzenWindowIndex,
315 const ImageDerivativesType
316 & movingImageGradientValue,
317 double cubicBSplineDerivativeValue
320 PDFValueType * m_ThreaderFixedImageMarginalPDF;
321 typename JointPDFType::Pointer * m_ThreaderJointPDF;
322 typename JointPDFDerivativesType::Pointer * m_ThreaderJointPDFDerivatives;
323 int * m_ThreaderJointPDFStartBin;
324 int * m_ThreaderJointPDFEndBin;
325 mutable double * m_ThreaderJointPDFSum;
326 mutable double m_JointPDFSum;
328 bool m_UseExplicitPDFDerivatives;
329 mutable bool m_ImplicitDerivativesSecondPass;
332 virtual inline void GetValueThreadPreProcess( unsigned int threadID,
333 bool withinSampleThread ) const;
334 virtual inline bool GetValueThreadProcessSample( unsigned int threadID,
335 unsigned long fixedImageSample,
336 const MovingImagePointType & mappedPoint,
337 double movingImageValue ) const;
338 virtual inline void GetValueThreadPostProcess( unsigned int threadID,
339 bool withinSampleThread ) const;
341 virtual inline void GetValueAndDerivativeThreadPreProcess(
342 unsigned int threadID,
343 bool withinSampleThread ) const;
344 virtual inline bool GetValueAndDerivativeThreadProcessSample( unsigned int threadID,
345 unsigned long fixedImageSample,
346 const MovingImagePointType & mappedPoint,
347 double movingImageValue,
348 const ImageDerivativesType &
349 movingImageGradientValue ) const;
350 virtual inline void GetValueAndDerivativeThreadPostProcess(
351 unsigned int threadID,
352 bool withinSampleThread ) const;
356 } // end namespace itk
358 #ifndef ITK_MANUAL_INSTANTIATION
359 #include "itkOptMattesMutualInformationImageToImageMetricFor3DBLUTFFD.txx"