4 * Copyright (C) 1991-1998, Thomas G. Lane.
5 * This file is part of the Independent JPEG Group's software.
6 * For conditions of distribution and use, see the accompanying README file.
8 * This file contains declarations for Huffman entropy decoding routines
9 * that are shared between the sequential decoder (jdhuff.c), the
10 * progressive decoder (jdphuff.c) and the lossless decoder (jdlhuff.c).
11 * No other modules need to see these.
14 /* Short forms of external names for systems with brain-damaged linkers. */
16 #ifdef NEED_SHORT_EXTERNAL_NAMES
17 #define jpeg_make_d_derived_tbl jMkDDerived
18 #define jpeg_fill_bit_buffer jFilBitBuf
19 #define jpeg_huff_decode jHufDecode
20 #endif /* NEED_SHORT_EXTERNAL_NAMES */
23 /* Derived data constructed for each Huffman table */
25 #define HUFF_LOOKAHEAD 8 /* # of bits of lookahead */
28 /* Basic tables: (element [0] of each array is unused) */
29 INT32 maxcode[18]; /* largest code of length k (-1 if none) */
30 /* (maxcode[17] is a sentinel to ensure jpeg_huff_decode terminates) */
31 INT32 valoffset[17]; /* huffval[] offset for codes of length k */
32 /* valoffset[k] = huffval[] index of 1st symbol of code length k, less
33 * the smallest code of length k; so given a code of length k, the
34 * corresponding symbol is huffval[code + valoffset[k]]
37 /* Link to public Huffman table (needed only in jpeg_huff_decode) */
40 /* Lookahead tables: indexed by the next HUFF_LOOKAHEAD bits of
41 * the input data stream. If the next Huffman code is no more
42 * than HUFF_LOOKAHEAD bits long, we can obtain its length and
43 * the corresponding symbol directly from these tables.
45 int look_nbits[1<<HUFF_LOOKAHEAD]; /* # bits, or 0 if too long */
46 UINT8 look_sym[1<<HUFF_LOOKAHEAD]; /* symbol, or unused */
49 /* Expand a Huffman table definition into the derived format */
50 EXTERN(void) jpeg_make_d_derived_tbl
51 JPP((j_decompress_ptr cinfo, boolean isDC, int tblno,
52 d_derived_tbl ** pdtbl));
56 * Fetching the next N bits from the input stream is a time-critical operation
57 * for the Huffman decoders. We implement it with a combination of inline
58 * macros and out-of-line subroutines. Note that N (the number of bits
59 * demanded at one time) never exceeds 15 for JPEG use.
61 * We read source bytes into get_buffer and dole out bits as needed.
62 * If get_buffer already contains enough bits, they are fetched in-line
63 * by the macros CHECK_BIT_BUFFER and GET_BITS. When there aren't enough
64 * bits, jpeg_fill_bit_buffer is called; it will attempt to fill get_buffer
65 * as full as possible (not just to the number of bits needed; this
66 * prefetching reduces the overhead cost of calling jpeg_fill_bit_buffer).
67 * Note that jpeg_fill_bit_buffer may return FALSE to indicate suspension.
68 * On TRUE return, jpeg_fill_bit_buffer guarantees that get_buffer contains
69 * at least the requested number of bits --- dummy zeroes are inserted if
73 typedef INT32 bit_buf_type; /* type of bit-extraction buffer */
74 #define BIT_BUF_SIZE 32 /* size of buffer in bits */
76 /* If long is > 32 bits on your machine, and shifting/masking longs is
77 * reasonably fast, making bit_buf_type be long and setting BIT_BUF_SIZE
78 * appropriately should be a win. Unfortunately we can't define the size
79 * with something like #define BIT_BUF_SIZE (sizeof(bit_buf_type)*8)
80 * because not all machines measure sizeof in 8-bit bytes.
83 typedef struct { /* Bitreading state saved across MCUs */
84 bit_buf_type get_buffer; /* current bit-extraction buffer */
85 int bits_left; /* # of unused bits in it */
88 typedef struct { /* Bitreading working state within an MCU */
89 /* Current data source location */
90 /* We need a copy, rather than munging the original, in case of suspension */
91 const JOCTET * next_input_byte; /* => next byte to read from source */
92 size_t bytes_in_buffer; /* # of bytes remaining in source buffer */
93 /* Bit input buffer --- note these values are kept in register variables,
94 * not in this struct, inside the inner loops.
96 bit_buf_type get_buffer; /* current bit-extraction buffer */
97 int bits_left; /* # of unused bits in it */
98 /* Pointer needed by jpeg_fill_bit_buffer. */
99 j_decompress_ptr cinfo; /* back link to decompress master record */
100 } bitread_working_state;
102 /* Macros to declare and load/save bitread local variables. */
103 #define BITREAD_STATE_VARS \
104 register bit_buf_type get_buffer; \
105 register int bits_left; \
106 bitread_working_state br_state
108 #define BITREAD_LOAD_STATE(cinfop,permstate) \
109 br_state.cinfo = cinfop; \
110 br_state.next_input_byte = cinfop->src->next_input_byte; \
111 br_state.bytes_in_buffer = cinfop->src->bytes_in_buffer; \
112 get_buffer = permstate.get_buffer; \
113 bits_left = permstate.bits_left;
115 #define BITREAD_SAVE_STATE(cinfop,permstate) \
116 cinfop->src->next_input_byte = br_state.next_input_byte; \
117 cinfop->src->bytes_in_buffer = br_state.bytes_in_buffer; \
118 permstate.get_buffer = get_buffer; \
119 permstate.bits_left = bits_left
122 * These macros provide the in-line portion of bit fetching.
123 * Use CHECK_BIT_BUFFER to ensure there are N bits in get_buffer
124 * before using GET_BITS, PEEK_BITS, or DROP_BITS.
125 * The variables get_buffer and bits_left are assumed to be locals,
126 * but the state struct might not be (jpeg_huff_decode needs this).
127 * CHECK_BIT_BUFFER(state,n,action);
128 * Ensure there are N bits in get_buffer; if suspend, take action.
131 * val = PEEK_BITS(n);
132 * Fetch next N bits without removing them from the buffer.
134 * Discard next N bits.
135 * The value N should be a simple variable, not an expression, because it
136 * is evaluated multiple times.
139 #define CHECK_BIT_BUFFER(state,nbits,action) \
140 { if (bits_left < (nbits)) { \
141 if (! jpeg_fill_bit_buffer(&(state),get_buffer,bits_left,nbits)) \
143 get_buffer = (state).get_buffer; bits_left = (state).bits_left; } }
145 #define GET_BITS(nbits) \
146 (((int) (get_buffer >> (bits_left -= (nbits)))) & ((1<<(nbits))-1))
148 #define PEEK_BITS(nbits) \
149 (((int) (get_buffer >> (bits_left - (nbits)))) & ((1<<(nbits))-1))
151 #define DROP_BITS(nbits) \
152 (bits_left -= (nbits))
154 /* Load up the bit buffer to a depth of at least nbits */
155 EXTERN(boolean) jpeg_fill_bit_buffer
156 JPP((bitread_working_state * state, register bit_buf_type get_buffer,
157 register int bits_left, int nbits));
161 * Code for extracting next Huffman-coded symbol from input bit stream.
162 * Again, this is time-critical and we make the main paths be macros.
164 * We use a lookahead table to process codes of up to HUFF_LOOKAHEAD bits
165 * without looping. Usually, more than 95% of the Huffman codes will be 8
166 * or fewer bits long. The few overlength codes are handled with a loop,
167 * which need not be inline code.
169 * Notes about the HUFF_DECODE macro:
170 * 1. Near the end of the data segment, we may fail to get enough bits
171 * for a lookahead. In that case, we do it the hard way.
172 * 2. If the lookahead table contains no entry, the next code must be
173 * more than HUFF_LOOKAHEAD bits long.
174 * 3. jpeg_huff_decode returns -1 if forced to suspend.
177 #define HUFF_DECODE(result,state,htbl,failaction,slowlabel) \
178 { register int nb, look; \
179 if (bits_left < HUFF_LOOKAHEAD) { \
180 if (! jpeg_fill_bit_buffer(&state,get_buffer,bits_left, 0)) {failaction;} \
181 get_buffer = state.get_buffer; bits_left = state.bits_left; \
182 if (bits_left < HUFF_LOOKAHEAD) { \
183 nb = 1; goto slowlabel; \
186 look = PEEK_BITS(HUFF_LOOKAHEAD); \
187 if ((nb = htbl->look_nbits[look]) != 0) { \
189 result = htbl->look_sym[look]; \
191 nb = HUFF_LOOKAHEAD+1; \
193 if ((result=jpeg_huff_decode(&state,get_buffer,bits_left,htbl,nb)) < 0) \
195 get_buffer = state.get_buffer; bits_left = state.bits_left; \
199 /* Out-of-line case for Huffman code fetching */
200 EXTERN(int) jpeg_huff_decode
201 JPP((bitread_working_state * state, register bit_buf_type get_buffer,
202 register int bits_left, d_derived_tbl * htbl, int min_bits));
205 /* Common fields between sequential, progressive and lossless Huffman entropy
206 * decoder master structs.
209 #define huffd_common_fields \
210 boolean insufficient_data; /* set TRUE after emmitting warning */ \
211 /* These fields are loaded into local variables at start of each MCU. \
212 * In case of suspension, we exit WITHOUT updating them. \
214 bitread_perm_state bitstate /* Bit buffer at start of MCU */
216 /* Routines that are to be used by any or all of the entropy decoders are
217 * declared to receive a pointer to this structure. There are no actual
218 * instances of huffd_common_struct, only of shuff_entropy_decoder,
219 * phuff_entropy_decoder and lhuff_entropy_decoder.
221 struct huffd_common_struct {
222 huffd_common_fields; /* Fields common to all decoder struct types */
223 /* Additional fields follow in an actual shuff_entropy_decoder,
224 * phuff_entropy_decoder or lhuff_entropy_decoder struct. All four structs
225 * must agree on these initial fields! (This would be a lot cleaner in C++.)
229 typedef struct huffd_common_struct * huffd_common_ptr;