X-Git-Url: https://git.creatis.insa-lyon.fr/pubgit/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=src%2FgdcmUtil.cxx;h=d5be4c01b57447c901280546bcc9e1cf12e48e72;hb=bf3a95a3d129e18937f88c349bfe5cdcaef42d55;hp=cfef1bee4b38263a58f7277488a39418d0432489;hpb=1b5fd950fda2fb2dbe9aa69bac545a8b588b71d0;p=gdcm.git

diff --git a/src/gdcmUtil.cxx b/src/gdcmUtil.cxx
index cfef1bee..d5be4c01 100644
--- a/src/gdcmUtil.cxx
+++ b/src/gdcmUtil.cxx
@@ -1,210 +1,821 @@
-// gdcmUtil.cxx
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*=========================================================================
+                                                                                
+  Program:   gdcm
+  Module:    $RCSfile: gdcmUtil.cxx,v $
+  Language:  C++
+  Date:      $Date: 2005/01/15 22:40:23 $
+  Version:   $Revision: 1.96 $
+                                                                                
+  Copyright (c) CREATIS (Centre de Recherche et d'Applications en Traitement de
+  l'Image). All rights reserved. See Doc/License.txt or
+  http://www.creatis.insa-lyon.fr/Public/Gdcm/License.html for details.
+                                                                                
+     This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even
+     the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+     PURPOSE.  See the above copyright notices for more information.
+                                                                                
+=========================================================================*/
+
 #include "gdcmUtil.h"
+#include "gdcmDebug.h"
+#include <iostream>
+
+// For GetCurrentDate, GetCurrentTime
+#include <time.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+#include <stdarg.h>  //only included in implementation file
+#include <stdio.h>   //only included in implementation file
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+   #include <winsock.h>  // for gethostname & gethostbyname
+   #undef GetCurrentTime
+#else
+#ifndef __BORLANDC__
+   #include <unistd.h>  // for gethostname
+   #include <netdb.h>   // for gethostbyname
+#endif
+#endif
 
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <ctype.h>   // For isspace
+// For GetMACAddress
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#include <snmp.h>
+#include <conio.h>
+#else
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#endif
+
+// How do I do that in CMake ?
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+#define HAVE_SA_LEN
+#define CMAKE_HAVE_NET_IF_DL_H
+#define CMAKE_HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
+#define CMAKE_HAVE_NET_IF_H
+#endif //APPLE
+
+#ifdef CMAKE_HAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>  // For SIOCGIFCONF on Linux
+#endif
+#ifdef CMAKE_HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef CMAKE_HAVE_SYS_SOCKIO_H
+#include <sys/sockio.h>  // For SIOCGIFCONF on SunOS
+#endif
+#ifdef CMAKE_HAVE_NET_IF_H
+#include <net/if.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef CMAKE_HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
+#include <netinet/in.h>   //For IPPROTO_IP
+#endif
+#ifdef CMAKE_HAVE_NET_IF_DL_H
+#include <net/if_dl.h>
+#endif
+#if defined(CMAKE_HAVE_NET_IF_ARP_H) && defined(__sun)
+// This is absolutely necesseray on SunOS
+#include <net/if_arp.h>
+#endif
 
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Library globals.
-gdcmDebug dbg;
+namespace gdcm 
+{
+/**
+ * \ingroup Globals
+ * \brief Provide a better 'c++' approach for sprintf
+ * For example c code is:
+ * sprintf(trash, "%04x|%04x", group , elem);
+ *
+ * c++ code is 
+ * std::ostringstream buf;
+ * buf << std::right << std::setw(4) << std::setfill('0') << std::hex
+ *     << group << "|" << std::right << std::setw(4) << std::setfill('0') 
+ *     << std::hex <<  elem;
+ * buf.str();
+ *
+ * gdcm style code is
+ * Format("%04x|%04x", group , elem);
+ */
 
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-gdcmDebug::gdcmDebug(int level) {
-   DebugLevel = level;
+std::string Util::Format(const char *format, ...)
+{
+   char buffer[2048];
+   va_list args;
+   va_start(args, format);
+   vsprintf(buffer, format, args);  //might be a security flaw
+   va_end(args); // Each invocation of va_start should be matched 
+                 // by a corresponding invocation of va_end
+                 // args is then 'undefined'
+   return buffer;
 }
 
-void gdcmDebug::Verbose(int Level, const char * Msg1, const char * Msg2) {
-   if (Level > DebugLevel)
-      return ;
-   std::cerr << Msg1 << ' ' << Msg2 << std::endl;
+
+/**
+ * \ingroup Globals
+ * \brief Because not available in C++ (?)
+ */
+void Util::Tokenize (const std::string &str,
+                     std::vector<std::string> &tokens,
+                     const std::string& delimiters)
+{
+   std::string::size_type lastPos = str.find_first_not_of(delimiters,0);
+   std::string::size_type pos     = str.find_first_of    (delimiters,lastPos);
+   while (std::string::npos != pos || std::string::npos != lastPos)
+   {
+      tokens.push_back(str.substr(lastPos, pos - lastPos));
+      lastPos = str.find_first_not_of(delimiters, pos);
+      pos     = str.find_first_of    (delimiters, lastPos);
+   }
 }
 
-void gdcmDebug::Error( bool Test, const char * Msg1, const char * Msg2) {
-   if (!Test)
-      return;
-   std::cerr << Msg1 << ' ' << Msg2 << std::endl;
-   Exit(1);
+/**
+ * \ingroup Globals
+ * \brief Because not available in C++ (?)
+ *        Counts the number of occurences of a substring within a string
+ */
+ 
+int Util::CountSubstring (const std::string &str,
+                          const std::string &subStr)
+{
+   int count = 0;   // counts how many times it appears
+   std::string::size_type x = 0;       // The index position in the string
+
+   do
+   {
+      x = str.find(subStr,x);       // Find the substring
+      if (x != std::string::npos)   // If present
+      {
+         count++;                  // increase the count
+         x += subStr.length();     // Skip this word
+      }
+   }
+   while (x != std::string::npos);  // Carry on until not present
+
+   return count;
 }
 
-void gdcmDebug::Error(const char* Msg1, const char* Msg2,
-                      const char* Msg3) {
-   std::cerr << Msg1 << ' ' << Msg2 << ' ' << Msg3 << std::endl;
-   Exit(1);
+/**
+ * \ingroup Globals
+ * \brief  Weed out a string from the non-printable characters (in order
+ *         to avoid corrupting the terminal of invocation when printing)
+ * @param s string to remove non printable characters from
+ */
+std::string Util::CreateCleanString(std::string const &s)
+{
+   std::string str = s;
+
+   for(unsigned int i=0; i<str.size(); i++)
+   {
+      if(!isprint((unsigned char)str[i]))
+      {
+         str[i] = '.';
+      }
+   }
+
+   if(str.size() > 0)
+   {
+      if(!isprint((unsigned char)s[str.size()-1]))
+      {
+         if(s[str.size()-1] == 0)
+         {
+            str[str.size()-1] = ' ';
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   return str;
 }
 
-void gdcmDebug::Assert(int Level, bool Test,
-                 const char * Msg1, const char * Msg2) {
-   if (Level > DebugLevel)
-      return ;
-   if (!Test)
-      std::cerr << Msg1 << ' ' << Msg2 << std::endl;
+/**
+ * \ingroup Globals
+ * \brief   Add a SEPARATOR to the end of the name is necessary
+ * @param   pathname file/directory name to normalize 
+ */
+std::string Util::NormalizePath(std::string const &pathname)
+{
+   const char SEPARATOR_X      = '/';
+   const char SEPARATOR_WIN    = '\\';
+   const std::string SEPARATOR = "/";
+   std::string name = pathname;
+   int size = name.size();
+
+   if( name[size-1] != SEPARATOR_X && name[size-1] != SEPARATOR_WIN )
+   {
+      name += SEPARATOR;
+   }
+   return name;
 }
 
-void gdcmDebug::Exit(int a) {
-#ifdef __GNUC__
-   std::exit(a);
-#endif
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-   exit(a);    // Found in #include <stdlib.h>
-#endif
+/**
+ * \ingroup Globals
+ * \brief   Get the (directory) path from a full path file name
+ * @param   fullName file/directory name to extract Path from
+ */
+std::string Util::GetPath(std::string const &fullName)
+{
+   std::string res = fullName;
+   int pos1 = res.rfind("/");
+   int pos2 = res.rfind("\\");
+   if( pos1 > pos2)
+   {
+      res.resize(pos1);
+   }
+   else
+   {
+      res.resize(pos2);
+   }
+
+   return res;
 }
 
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-gdcmDictSet         *gdcmGlobal::Dicts  = (gdcmDictSet *)0;
-gdcmVR              *gdcmGlobal::VR     = (gdcmVR *)0;
-gdcmTS              *gdcmGlobal::TS     = (gdcmTS *)0;
-gdcmDicomDirElement *gdcmGlobal::ddElem = (gdcmDicomDirElement *)0;
-gdcmGlobal gdcmGlob;
+/**
+ * \ingroup Util
+ * \brief   Get the (last) name of a full path file name
+ * @param   fullName file/directory name to extract end name from
+ */
+std::string Util::GetName(std::string const &fullName)
+{   
+  std::string filename = fullName;
+
+  std::string::size_type slash_pos = filename.rfind("/");
+  std::string::size_type backslash_pos = filename.rfind("\\");
+  slash_pos = slash_pos > backslash_pos ? slash_pos : backslash_pos;
+  if(slash_pos != std::string::npos)
+    {
+    return filename.substr(slash_pos + 1);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+    return filename;
+    }
+} 
 
-gdcmGlobal::gdcmGlobal(void) {
-   if (VR || TS || Dicts || ddElem)
-      dbg.Verbose(0, "gdcmGlobal::gdcmGlobal : VR or TS or Dicts already allocated");
-   Dicts  = new gdcmDictSet();
-   VR     = new gdcmVR();
-   TS     = new gdcmTS();
-   ddElem = new gdcmDicomDirElement();
+/**
+ * \ingroup Util
+ * \brief   Get the current date of the system in a dicom string
+ */
+std::string Util::GetCurrentDate()
+{
+    char tmp[512];
+    time_t tloc;
+    time (&tloc);    
+    strftime(tmp,512,"%Y%m%d", localtime(&tloc) );
+    return tmp;
 }
 
-gdcmGlobal::~gdcmGlobal() {
-   delete Dicts;
-   delete VR;
-   delete TS;
-   delete ddElem;
+/**
+ * \ingroup Util
+ * \brief   Get the current time of the system in a dicom string
+ */
+std::string Util::GetCurrentTime()
+{
+    char tmp[512];
+    time_t tloc;
+    time (&tloc);
+    strftime(tmp,512,"%H%M%S", localtime(&tloc) );
+    return tmp;  
 }
 
-gdcmVR *gdcmGlobal::GetVR(void) {
-   return VR;
+/**
+ * \brief Create a /DICOM/ string:
+ * It should a of even length (no odd length ever)
+ * It can contain as many (if you are reading this from your
+ * editor the following character is is backslash followed by zero
+ * that needed to be escaped with an extra backslash for doxygen) \\0
+ * as you want.
+ */
+std::string Util::DicomString(const char *s, size_t l)
+{
+   std::string r(s, s+l);
+   gdcmAssertMacro( !(r.size() % 2) ); // == basically 'l' is even
+   return r;
 }
 
-gdcmTS *gdcmGlobal::GetTS(void) {
-   return TS;
+/**
+ * \ingroup Util
+ * \brief Create a /DICOM/ string:
+ * It should a of even lenght (no odd length ever)
+ * It can contain as many (if you are reading this from your
+ * editor the following character is is backslash followed by zero
+ * that needed to be escaped with an extra backslash for doxygen) \\0
+ * as you want.
+ * This function is similar to DicomString(const char*), 
+ * except it doesn't take a lenght. 
+ * It only pad with a null character if length is odd
+ */
+std::string Util::DicomString(const char *s)
+{
+   size_t l = strlen(s);
+   if( l%2 )
+   {
+      l++;
+   }
+   std::string r(s, s+l);
+   gdcmAssertMacro( !(r.size() % 2) );
+   return r;
 }
 
-gdcmDictSet *gdcmGlobal::GetDicts(void) {
-   return Dicts;
+/**
+ * \ingroup Util
+ * \brief Safely compare two Dicom String:
+ *        - Both string should be of even lenght
+ *        - We allow padding of even lenght string by either a null 
+ *          character of a space
+ */
+bool Util::DicomStringEqual(const std::string &s1, const char *s2)
+{
+  // s2 is the string from the DICOM reference: 'MONOCHROME1'
+  std::string s1_even = s1; //Never change input parameter
+  std::string s2_even = DicomString( s2 );
+  if( s1_even[s1_even.size()-1] == ' ')
+  {
+    s1_even[s1_even.size()-1] = '\0'; //replace space character by null
+  }
+  return s1_even == s2_even;
 }
 
-gdcmDicomDirElement *gdcmGlobal::GetDicomDirElements(void) {
-   return ddElem;
+
+
+/**
+ * \ingroup Util
+ * \brief   tells us if the processor we are working with is BigEndian or not
+ */
+bool Util::IsCurrentProcessorBigEndian()
+{
+#ifdef GDCM_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
+   return true;
+#else
+   return false;
+#endif
 }
 
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Because is not yet available in g++2.96
-std::istream& eatwhite(std::istream& is) {
-   char c;
-   while (is.get(c)) {
-      if (!isspace(c)) {
-         is.putback(c);
-         break;
-      }
+
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+typedef BOOL(WINAPI * pSnmpExtensionInit) (
+        IN DWORD dwTimeZeroReference,
+        OUT HANDLE * hPollForTrapEvent,
+        OUT AsnObjectIdentifier * supportedView);
+
+typedef BOOL(WINAPI * pSnmpExtensionTrap) (
+        OUT AsnObjectIdentifier * enterprise,
+        OUT AsnInteger * genericTrap,
+        OUT AsnInteger * specificTrap,
+        OUT AsnTimeticks * timeStamp,
+        OUT RFC1157VarBindList * variableBindings);
+
+typedef BOOL(WINAPI * pSnmpExtensionQuery) (
+        IN BYTE requestType,
+        IN OUT RFC1157VarBindList * variableBindings,
+        OUT AsnInteger * errorStatus,
+        OUT AsnInteger * errorIndex);
+
+typedef BOOL(WINAPI * pSnmpExtensionInitEx) (
+        OUT AsnObjectIdentifier * supportedView);
+#endif //_WIN32
+
+
+long GetMacAddrSys ( unsigned char *addr)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+   WSADATA WinsockData;
+   if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 0), &WinsockData) != 0) 
+   {
+      std::cerr << "This program requires Winsock 2.x!" << std::endl;
+      return -1;
    }
-   return is;
-}
 
-///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// Because is not  available in C++ (?)
-void Tokenize (const std::string& str,
-               std::vector<std::string>& tokens,
-               const std::string& delimiters) {
-   std::string::size_type lastPos = str.find_first_not_of(delimiters,0);
-   std::string::size_type pos     = str.find_first_of    (delimiters,lastPos);
-   while (std::string::npos != pos || std::string::npos != lastPos) {
-      tokens.push_back(str.substr(lastPos, pos - lastPos));
-      lastPos = str.find_first_not_of(delimiters, pos);
-      pos     = str.find_first_of    (delimiters, lastPos);
+   HANDLE PollForTrapEvent;
+   AsnObjectIdentifier SupportedView;
+   UINT OID_ifEntryType[] = { 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 3 };
+   UINT OID_ifEntryNum[] = { 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1 };
+   UINT OID_ipMACEntAddr[] = { 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 6 };
+   AsnObjectIdentifier MIB_ifMACEntAddr = {
+       sizeof(OID_ipMACEntAddr) / sizeof(UINT), OID_ipMACEntAddr };
+   AsnObjectIdentifier MIB_ifEntryType = {
+       sizeof(OID_ifEntryType) / sizeof(UINT), OID_ifEntryType };
+   AsnObjectIdentifier MIB_ifEntryNum = {
+       sizeof(OID_ifEntryNum) / sizeof(UINT), OID_ifEntryNum };
+   RFC1157VarBindList varBindList;
+   RFC1157VarBind varBind[2];
+   AsnInteger errorStatus;
+   AsnInteger errorIndex;
+   AsnObjectIdentifier MIB_NULL = { 0, 0 };
+   int ret;
+   int dtmp;
+   int i = 0, j = 0;
+   BOOL found = FALSE;
+
+   // Load the SNMP dll and get the addresses of the functions necessary
+   HINSTANCE m_hInst = LoadLibrary("inetmib1.dll");
+   if (m_hInst < (HINSTANCE) HINSTANCE_ERROR)
+   {
+      m_hInst = NULL;
+      return -1;
    }
-}
+   pSnmpExtensionInit m_Init =
+       (pSnmpExtensionInit) GetProcAddress(m_hInst, "SnmpExtensionInit");
+   pSnmpExtensionInitEx m_InitEx =
+       (pSnmpExtensionInitEx) GetProcAddress(m_hInst, "SnmpExtensionInitEx");
+   pSnmpExtensionQuery m_Query =
+       (pSnmpExtensionQuery) GetProcAddress(m_hInst, "SnmpExtensionQuery");
+   pSnmpExtensionTrap m_Trap =
+       (pSnmpExtensionTrap) GetProcAddress(m_hInst, "SnmpExtensionTrap");
+   m_Init(GetTickCount(), &PollForTrapEvent, &SupportedView);
 
+   /* Initialize the variable list to be retrieved by m_Query */
+   varBindList.list = varBind;
+   varBind[0].name = MIB_NULL;
+   varBind[1].name = MIB_NULL;
 
-///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// to prevent a flashing screen when non-printable character
-char *_cleanString(char *v) {
-   char *d;
-   int i, l;
-   l = strlen(v);
-   for (i=0,d=v; 
-      i<l ; 
-      i++,d++) {
-         if (!isprint(*d))
-         *d = '.';
-   }	
-   return v;
-}
+   // Copy in the OID to find the number of entries in the
+   // Inteface table
+   varBindList.len = 1;        // Only retrieving one item
+   SNMP_oidcpy(&varBind[0].name, &MIB_ifEntryNum);
+   ret = m_Query(ASN_RFC1157_GETNEXTREQUEST, &varBindList, &errorStatus,
+                 &errorIndex);
+//   printf("# of adapters in this system : %i\n",
+//          varBind[0].value.asnValue.number); varBindList.len = 2;
+
+   // Copy in the OID of ifType, the type of interface
+   SNMP_oidcpy(&varBind[0].name, &MIB_ifEntryType);
+
+   // Copy in the OID of ifPhysAddress, the address
+   SNMP_oidcpy(&varBind[1].name, &MIB_ifMACEntAddr);
+
+   do
+   {
+      // Submit the query.  Responses will be loaded into varBindList.
+      // We can expect this call to succeed a # of times corresponding
+      // to the # of adapters reported to be in the system
+      ret = m_Query(ASN_RFC1157_GETNEXTREQUEST, &varBindList, &errorStatus,
+                    &errorIndex); 
+      if (!ret)
+      {
+         ret = 1;
+      }
+      else
+      {
+         // Confirm that the proper type has been returned
+         ret = SNMP_oidncmp(&varBind[0].name, &MIB_ifEntryType,
+                            MIB_ifEntryType.idLength);
+      }
+      if (!ret)
+      {
+         j++;
+         dtmp = varBind[0].value.asnValue.number;
+         printf("Interface #%i type : %i\n", j, dtmp);
+
+         // Type 6 describes ethernet interfaces
+         if (dtmp == 6)
+         {
+            // Confirm that we have an address here
+            ret = SNMP_oidncmp(&varBind[1].name, &MIB_ifMACEntAddr,
+                               MIB_ifMACEntAddr.idLength);
+            if ( !ret && varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream != NULL )
+            {
+               if ( (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[0] == 0x44)
+                 && (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[1] == 0x45)
+                 && (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[2] == 0x53)
+                 && (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[3] == 0x54)
+                 && (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[4] == 0x00) )
+               {
+                   // Ignore all dial-up networking adapters
+                   printf("Interface #%i is a DUN adapter\n", j);
+                   continue;
+               }
+               if ( (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[0] == 0x00)
+                 && (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[1] == 0x00)
+                 && (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[2] == 0x00)
+                 && (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[3] == 0x00)
+                 && (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[4] == 0x00)
+                 && (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[5] == 0x00) )
+               {
+                  // Ignore NULL addresses returned by other network
+                  // interfaces
+                  printf("Interface #%i is a NULL address\n", j);
+                  continue;
+               }
+               memcpy( addr, varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream, 6);
+            }
+         }
+      }
+   } while (!ret);
+
+   // Free the bindings
+   SNMP_FreeVarBind(&varBind[0]);
+   SNMP_FreeVarBind(&varBind[1]);
+   return 0;
+#endif //Win32 version
 
 
-///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// to prevent a flashing screen when non-printable character
-std::string _CreateCleanString(std::string s) {
-   std::string str=s;
+// implementation for POSIX system
+#ifdef __sun
+   //The POSIX version is broken anyway on Solaris, plus would require full
+   //root power
+   int                     i;
+   struct  arpreq          parpreq;
+   struct  sockaddr_in     sa, *psa;
+   struct  in_addr         inaddr;
+   struct  hostent         *phost;
+   char                    hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
+   unsigned char           *ptr;
+   char                    **paddrs;
+   int                     sock, status=0;
+
+   gethostname(hostname,  MAXHOSTNAMELEN);
+   phost = gethostbyname(hostname);
+   paddrs = phost->h_addr_list;
+
+   //memcpy(&inaddr.s_addr, *paddrs, sizeof(inaddr.s_addr));
+   sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);
+
+   if(sock == -1)
+   {
+      perror("sock");
+      return -1;
+   }
+   memset(&parpreq, 0, sizeof(struct arpreq));
+   psa = (struct sockaddr_in *) &parpreq.arp_pa;
+   memset(psa, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
+   psa->sin_family = AF_INET;
+   memcpy(&psa->sin_addr, *paddrs, sizeof(struct in_addr));
+
+   status = ioctl(sock, SIOCGARP, &parpreq);
 
-   for(int i=0;i<str.size();i++)
+   if(status == -1)
    {
-      if(!isprint(str[i]))
-         str[i]='.';
+      perror("SIOCGARP");
+      //exit(-1);
+      return -1;
    }
 
+    memcpy(addr, parpreq.arp_ha.sa_data, 6);
+//    printf("MAC Address: %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x\n",
+//
+//           parpreq.arp_ha.sa_data[0],
+//           parpreq.arp_ha.sa_data[1],
+//           parpreq.arp_ha.sa_data[2],
+//           parpreq.arp_ha.sa_data[3],
+//           parpreq.arp_ha.sa_data[4],
+//
+//            parpreq.arp_ha.sa_data[5]);
+
+   return 0;
+#else
+#ifdef CMAKE_HAVE_NET_IF_H
+   int       sd;
+   struct ifreq    ifr, *ifrp;
+   struct ifconf    ifc;
+   char buf[1024];
+   int      n, i;
+   unsigned char    *a;
+#ifdef AF_LINK
+   struct sockaddr_dl *sdlp;
+#endif
+
+//
+// BSD 4.4 defines the size of an ifreq to be
+// max(sizeof(ifreq), sizeof(ifreq.ifr_name)+ifreq.ifr_addr.sa_len
+// However, under earlier systems, sa_len isn't present, so the size is 
+// just sizeof(struct ifreq)
+// We should investiage the use of SIZEOF_ADDR_IFREQ
+//
+#ifdef HAVE_SA_LEN
+#ifndef max
+#define max(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
+#endif
+#define ifreq_size(i) max(sizeof(struct ifreq),\
+     sizeof((i).ifr_name)+(i).ifr_addr.sa_len)
+#else
+#define ifreq_size(i) sizeof(struct ifreq)
+#endif // HAVE_SA_LEN
+
+   if( (sd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_IP)) < 0 )
+   {
+      return -1;
+   }
+   memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
+   ifc.ifc_len = sizeof(buf);
+   ifc.ifc_buf = buf;
+   if (ioctl (sd, SIOCGIFCONF, (char *)&ifc) < 0)
+   {
+      close(sd);
+      return -1;
+   }
+   n = ifc.ifc_len;
+   for (i = 0; i < n; i+= ifreq_size(*ifrp) )
+   {
+      ifrp = (struct ifreq *)((char *) ifc.ifc_buf+i);
+      strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifrp->ifr_name, IFNAMSIZ);
+#ifdef SIOCGIFHWADDR
+      if (ioctl(sd, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ifr) < 0)
+         continue;
+      a = (unsigned char *) &ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data;
+#else
+#ifdef SIOCGENADDR
+      // In theory this call should also work on Sun Solaris, but apparently
+      // SIOCGENADDR is not implemented properly thus the call 
+      // ioctl(sd, SIOCGENADDR, &ifr) always returns errno=2 
+      // (No such file or directory)
+      // Furthermore the DLAPI seems to require full root access
+      if (ioctl(sd, SIOCGENADDR, &ifr) < 0)
+         continue;
+      a = (unsigned char *) ifr.ifr_enaddr;
+#else
+#ifdef AF_LINK
+      sdlp = (struct sockaddr_dl *) &ifrp->ifr_addr;
+      if ((sdlp->sdl_family != AF_LINK) || (sdlp->sdl_alen != 6))
+         continue;
+      a = (unsigned char *) &sdlp->sdl_data[sdlp->sdl_nlen];
+#else
+      /*
+       * XXX we don't have a way of getting the hardware
+       * address
+       */
+      close(sd);
+      return -1;
+#endif // AF_LINK
+#endif // SIOCGENADDR
+#endif // SIOCGIFHWADDR
+      if (!a[0] && !a[1] && !a[2] && !a[3] && !a[4] && !a[5]) continue;
 
-   if(str.size()>0)
-      if(!isprint(s[str.size()-1]))
-         if(s[str.size()-1]==0)
-            str[str.size()-1]=' ';
+      if (addr) 
+      {
+         memcpy(addr, a, 6);
+         close(sd);
+         return 0;
+      }
+   }
+   close(sd);
+#endif
+   return -1;
+#endif //__sun
 
-   return(str);
 }
 
-///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-/*
- * \brief   Add a SEPARATOR to the end of the name is necessary
- * @param   
- */
-void NormalizePath(std::string &name)
+std::string Util::GetMACAddress()
 {
-const char SEPARATOR_X      = '/';
-const char SEPARATOR_WIN    = '\\';
-const std::string SEPARATOR = "/";
-   int size=name.size();
-   if((name[size-1]!=SEPARATOR_X)&&(name[size-1]!=SEPARATOR_WIN))
+   // This code is the result of a long internet search to find something
+   // as compact as possible (not OS independant). We only have to separate
+   // 3 OS: Win32, SunOS and 'real' POSIX
+   // http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.unix.solaris/msg/ad36929d783d63be
+   // http://bdn.borland.com/article/0,1410,26040,00.html
+   u_char addr[6];
+   std::string macaddr;
+ 
+   long stat = GetMacAddrSys(addr);
+   if (0 == stat)
    {
-      name+=SEPARATOR;
+      //printf( "MAC address = ");
+      for (int i=0; i<6; ++i) 
+      {
+         //printf("%2.2x", addr[i]);
+         macaddr += Format("%2.2x", addr[i]);
+      }
+       //printf( "\n");
+      return macaddr;
+   }
+   else
+   {
+      //printf( "No MAC address !\n" );
+      return "";
    }
 }
 
-///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-/*
- * \brief   Get the (directory) path from a full path file name
+/**
+ * \ingroup Util
+ * \brief   Return the IP adress of the machine writting the DICOM image
  */
-std::string GetPath(std::string fullName)
+std::string Util::GetIPAddress()
 {
-   int pos1=fullName.rfind("/");
-   int pos2=fullName.rfind("\\");
-   if(pos1>pos2)
-      fullName.resize(pos1);
-   else
-      fullName.resize(pos2);
-   return(fullName);
+  // This is a rip from 
+  // http://www.codeguru.com/Cpp/I-N/internet/network/article.php/c3445/
+#ifndef HOST_NAME_MAX
+  // SUSv2 guarantees that `Host names are limited to 255 bytes'.
+  // POSIX 1003.1-2001 guarantees that `Host names (not including the
+  // terminating NUL) are limited to HOST_NAME_MAX bytes'.
+#  define HOST_NAME_MAX 255
+  // In this case we should maybe check the string was not truncated.
+  // But I don't known how to check that...
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
+  // with WinSock DLL we need to initialise the WinSock before using gethostname
+  WORD wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(1,0);
+  WSADATA WSAData;
+  int err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested,&WSAData);
+  if (err != 0)
+  {
+      // Tell the user that we could not find a usable
+      // WinSock DLL.
+      WSACleanup();
+      return "127.0.0.1";
+  }
+#endif
+  
+#endif //HOST_NAME_MAX
+
+  std::string str;
+  char szHostName[HOST_NAME_MAX+1];
+  int r = gethostname(szHostName, HOST_NAME_MAX);
+
+  if( r == 0 )
+  {
+    // Get host adresses
+    struct hostent *pHost = gethostbyname(szHostName);
+
+    for( int i = 0; pHost!= NULL && pHost->h_addr_list[i]!= NULL; i++ )
+    {
+      for( int j = 0; j<pHost->h_length; j++ )
+      {
+        if( j > 0 ) str += ".";
+
+        str += Util::Format("%u", 
+            (unsigned int)((unsigned char*)pHost->h_addr_list[i])[j]);
+      }
+      // str now contains one local IP address 
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
+  WSACleanup();
+#endif
+  
+    }
+  }
+  // If an error occur r == -1
+  // Most of the time it will return 127.0.0.1...
+  return str;
 }
 
-///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-/*
- * \brief   Get the (last) name of a full path file name
+/**
+ * \ingroup Util
+ * \brief Creates a new UID. As stipulate in the DICOM ref
+ *        each time a DICOM image is create it should have 
+ *        a unique identifier (URI)
  */
-std::string GetName(std::string fullName)
-{   
-  int fin=fullName.length()-1;
-  char a =fullName.c_str()[fin];
-  if (a == '/' || a == '\\') {
-     fin--;
+std::string Util::CreateUniqueUID(const std::string &root)
+{
+  // The code works as follow:
+  // echo "gdcm" | od -b
+  // 0000000 147 144 143 155 012
+  // Therefore we return
+  // radical + 147.144.143.155 + IP + time()
+  std::string radical = root;
+  if( !root.size() ) //anything better ?
+  {
+    radical = "0.0."; // Is this really usefull ?
   }
-  int deb;
-  for (int i=fin;i!=0;i--) {
-     if (fullName.c_str()[i] == '/' || fullName.c_str()[i] == '\\')  
-        break;
-      deb = i;
-  }    
-  std::string lastName;
-  for (int i=deb;i<fin+1;i++)
-    lastName=lastName+fullName.c_str()[i];
-  return(lastName);
-} 
+  // else
+  // A root was specified use it to forge our new UID:
+  radical += "147.144.143.155"; // gdcm
+  radical += ".";
+  radical += Util::GetIPAddress();
+  radical += ".";
+  radical += Util::GetCurrentDate();
+  radical += ".";
+  radical += Util::GetCurrentTime();
+
+  return radical;
+}
+
+template <class T>
+std::ostream &binary_write(std::ostream &os, const T &val)
+{
+    return os.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&val), sizeof val);
+}
+
+std::ostream &binary_write(std::ostream &os, const uint16_t &val)
+{
+#ifdef GDCM_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
+    uint16_t swap;
+    swap = ((( val << 8 ) & 0x0ff00 ) | (( val >> 8 ) & 0x00ff ) );
+    return os.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&swap), 2);
+#else
+    return os.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&val), 2);
+#endif //GDCM_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
+}
+
+std::ostream &binary_write(std::ostream &os, const uint32_t &val)
+{
+#ifdef GDCM_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
+    uint32_t swap;
+    swap = ( ((val<<24) & 0xff000000) | ((val<<8)  & 0x00ff0000) | 
+             ((val>>8)  & 0x0000ff00) | ((val>>24) & 0x000000ff) );
+    return os.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&swap), 4);
+#else
+    return os.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&val), 4);
+#endif //GDCM_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
+}
+
+std::ostream &binary_write(std::ostream &os, const char *val)
+{
+    return os.write(val, strlen(val));
+}
+
+std::ostream &binary_write(std::ostream &os, std::string const &val)
+{
+    return os.write(val.c_str(), val.size());
+}
+
+} // end namespace gdcm
+