]> Creatis software - clitk.git/commitdiff
Add clitkXml2DicomRTStructFilter
authortbaudier <thomas.baudier@creatis.insa-lyon.fr>
Thu, 5 Jul 2018 14:26:34 +0000 (16:26 +0200)
committertbaudier <thomas.baudier@creatis.insa-lyon.fr>
Thu, 5 Jul 2018 14:26:34 +0000 (16:26 +0200)
To Convert Struct from Osirix (HEH) plist (.xml) file to RTStruct
Use pugixml to parse xml

common/clitkXml2DicomRTStructFilter.h [new file with mode: 0644]
common/clitkXml2DicomRTStructFilter.txx [new file with mode: 0644]
tools/CMakeLists.txt
tools/clitkXml2DicomRTStruct.cxx [new file with mode: 0644]
tools/clitkXml2DicomRTStruct.ggo [new file with mode: 0644]
utilities/pugixml/pugiconfig.hpp [new file with mode: 0644]
utilities/pugixml/pugixml.cpp [new file with mode: 0644]
utilities/pugixml/pugixml.hpp [new file with mode: 0644]

diff --git a/common/clitkXml2DicomRTStructFilter.h b/common/clitkXml2DicomRTStructFilter.h
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..3202716
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*=========================================================================
+  Program:         vv http://www.creatis.insa-lyon.fr/rio/vv
+  Main authors :   XX XX XX
+
+  Authors belongs to:
+  - University of LYON           http://www.universite-lyon.fr/
+  - Léon Bérard cancer center    http://www.centreleonberard.fr
+  - CREATIS CNRS laboratory      http://www.creatis.insa-lyon.fr
+
+  This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even
+  the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+  PURPOSE.  See the copyright notices for more information.
+
+  It is distributed under dual licence
+  - BSD       http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php
+  - CeCILL-B  http://www.cecill.info/licences/Licence_CeCILL-B_V1-en.html
+
+  =========================================================================*/
+
+#ifndef CLITKXML2DICOMRTSTRUCTFILTER_H
+#define CLITKXML2DICOMRTSTRUCTFILTER_H
+
+// clitk
+#include "clitkDicomRT_ROI.h"
+#include "clitkImageCommon.h"
+#include "clitkFilterBase.h"
+#include "clitkDicomRT_StructureSet.h"
+
+namespace clitk {
+
+  //--------------------------------------------------------------------
+  template<class PixelType>
+  class Xml2DicomRTStructFilter: public clitk::FilterBase {
+
+  public:
+    Xml2DicomRTStructFilter();
+    ~Xml2DicomRTStructFilter();
+
+    typedef itk::Image<PixelType, 3> ImageType;
+    typedef typename ImageType::Pointer ImagePointer;
+    typedef typename clitk::DicomRT_StructureSet::Pointer DicomRTStructPointer;
+
+    itkSetMacro(InputFilename, std::string);
+    itkSetMacro(StructureSetFilename, std::string);
+    itkSetMacro(DicomFolder, std::string);
+    itkSetMacro(OutputFilename, std::string);
+
+    // Run filter
+    void Update();
+
+  protected:
+    std::string m_StructureSetFilename;
+    std::string m_DicomFolder;
+    std::string m_OutputFilename;
+    std::string m_InputFilename;
+  };
+  //--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+} // end namespace clitk
+
+#include "clitkXml2DicomRTStructFilter.txx"
+
+#endif // CLITKXML2DICOMRTSTRUCTFILTER_H
+
diff --git a/common/clitkXml2DicomRTStructFilter.txx b/common/clitkXml2DicomRTStructFilter.txx
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..9c106ec
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+/*=========================================================================
+  Program:         vv http://www.creatis.insa-lyon.fr/rio/vv
+  Main authors :   XX XX XX
+
+  Authors belongs to:
+  - University of LYON           http://www.universite-lyon.fr/
+  - Léon Bérard cancer center    http://www.centreleonberard.fr
+  - CREATIS CNRS laboratory      http://www.creatis.insa-lyon.fr
+
+  This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even
+  the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+  PURPOSE.  See the copyright notices for more information.
+
+  It is distributed under dual licence
+  - BSD       http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php
+  - CeCILL-B  http://www.cecill.info/licences/Licence_CeCILL-B_V1-en.html
+
+  =========================================================================*/
+
+// clitk
+#include "clitkXml2DicomRTStructFilter.h"
+
+// xml parser
+#include "../utilities/pugixml/pugixml.hpp"
+
+// vtk
+#include <vtkSmartPointer.h>
+#include <vtkMetaImageWriter.h>
+#include <vtkImageData.h>
+#include <vtkPolygon.h>
+#include <vtkAppendPolyData.h>
+
+// FIXME to remove
+#include "vtkPolyDataMapper.h"
+#include "vtkPolyDataMapper2D.h"
+#include "vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h"
+#include "vtkPolyDataReader.h"
+#include "vtkRenderWindow.h"
+#include "vtkRenderer.h"
+#include "vtkCamera.h"
+#include "vtkProperty.h"
+#include "vtkProperty2D.h"
+#include <vtksys/SystemTools.hxx>
+
+// gdcm
+#include <vtkRTStructSetProperties.h>
+#include <vtkGDCMPolyDataReader.h>
+#include <vtkGDCMPolyDataWriter.h>
+
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------
+template<class PixelType>
+clitk::Xml2DicomRTStructFilter<PixelType>::Xml2DicomRTStructFilter()
+{
+  m_StructureSetFilename = "";
+  m_DicomFolder = "";
+  m_OutputFilename = "default-output.dcm";
+}
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------
+template<class PixelType>
+clitk::Xml2DicomRTStructFilter<PixelType>::~Xml2DicomRTStructFilter()
+{
+}
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------
+template<class PixelType>
+void clitk::Xml2DicomRTStructFilter<PixelType>::Update()
+{
+  // Check this is a RT-Struct
+  gdcm::Reader gdcm_reader;
+  gdcm_reader.SetFileName(m_StructureSetFilename.c_str());
+  if (!gdcm_reader.Read()) {
+    clitkExceptionMacro("Error could not open the file '" << m_StructureSetFilename << std::endl);
+  }
+  gdcm::MediaStorage ms;
+  ms.SetFromFile(gdcm_reader.GetFile());
+  if (ms != gdcm::MediaStorage::RTStructureSetStorage) {
+    clitkExceptionMacro("File '" << m_StructureSetFilename << "' is not a DICOM-RT-Struct file." << std::endl);
+  }
+
+  // Read rt struct
+  vtkSmartPointer<vtkGDCMPolyDataReader> reader = vtkGDCMPolyDataReader::New();
+  reader->SetFileName(m_StructureSetFilename.c_str());
+  reader->Update();
+
+  // Get properties
+  vtkRTStructSetProperties * p = reader->GetRTStructSetProperties();
+  if (GetVerboseFlag()) {
+    std::cout << "Number of structures in the dicom-rt-struct : "
+              << p->GetNumberOfStructureSetROIs() << std::endl;
+  }
+
+  std::map<std::string, vtkSmartPointer<vtkAppendPolyData> > mapName2Data;
+
+  pugi::xml_document doc;
+  pugi::xml_parse_result result = doc.load_file(m_InputFilename.c_str());
+  if (!result) {
+    std::cout << "ERROR: no result" << std::endl;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  //Take the main dict and look for point_mm in each struct in each slice
+  pugi::xml_node mainDict = doc.child("plist").child("dict").child("array");
+  for (pugi::xml_node_iterator mainDictIt = mainDict.begin(); mainDictIt != mainDict.end(); ++mainDictIt) { //Look for all slice (one slice per dict)
+    if (!std::strcmp(mainDictIt->name(), "dict")) {
+      for (pugi::xml_node_iterator sliceIt = mainDictIt->child("array").begin(); sliceIt != mainDictIt->child("array").end(); ++sliceIt) { //Look for all struct in the current slice (one struct per dict)
+        if (!std::strcmp(sliceIt->name(), "dict")) {
+          pugi::xml_node_iterator structureIt = sliceIt->begin();
+          while (structureIt != sliceIt->end() && std::abs(std::strcmp(structureIt->child_value(), "Name"))) //Look for the name for the current struct
+            ++structureIt;
+          if (structureIt != sliceIt->end()) { //take the following node to have the values
+            ++structureIt;
+            std::string name(structureIt->child_value());
+            while (structureIt != sliceIt->end() && std::abs(std::strcmp(structureIt->child_value(), "Point_mm"))) //Look for the Point_mm for the current struct
+              ++structureIt;
+            if (structureIt != sliceIt->end()) { //take the following node to have the values
+              ++structureIt;
+              // Insert all points for 1 struct into vtkPoints
+              vtkSmartPointer<vtkPoints> points = vtkSmartPointer<vtkPoints>::New();
+              for (pugi::xml_node_iterator pointIt = structureIt->begin(); pointIt != structureIt->end(); ++pointIt) { //Look for all points in mm in the current struct (one point per string)
+                if (!std::strcmp(pointIt->name(), "string")) {
+                  // Split the string to save the 3 values (remove the useless char) as double
+                  char* copy = (char*)pointIt->child_value();
+                  std::vector<char*> v;
+                  char* chars_array = strtok(copy, ", ");
+                  while(chars_array) {
+                      v.push_back(chars_array);
+                      chars_array = strtok(NULL, ", ");
+                  }
+                  v[0] = v[0] + 1;
+                  v[2][strlen(v[2])-1] = '\0';
+                  double x, y, z;
+                  x = std::atof(v[0]);
+                  y = std::atof(v[1]);
+                  z = std::atof(v[2]);
+                  points->InsertNextPoint(x, y, z);
+                }
+              }
+
+              //Create the polygon attached to the points
+              vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolygon> polygon = vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolygon>::New();
+              polygon->GetPointIds()->SetNumberOfIds(points->GetNumberOfPoints()); //make a quad
+              for (int pointIdx=0; pointIdx<points->GetNumberOfPoints(); ++pointIdx)
+                polygon->GetPointIds()->SetId(pointIdx, pointIdx);
+              // Add the polygon to a list of polygons
+              vtkSmartPointer<vtkCellArray> polygons = vtkSmartPointer<vtkCellArray>::New();
+              polygons->InsertNextCell(polygon);
+              // Create a PolyData
+              vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyData> polygonPolyData = vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyData>::New();
+              polygonPolyData->SetPoints(points);
+              polygonPolyData->SetPolys(polygons);
+
+              //Append the polyData into the map at the correct stuct name entry
+              std::map<std::string, vtkSmartPointer<vtkAppendPolyData> >::const_iterator it = mapName2Data.find(name);
+              if (it == mapName2Data.end())
+                mapName2Data[name] = vtkSmartPointer<vtkAppendPolyData>::New();
+#if VTK_MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
+              mapName2Data[name]->AddInput(polygonPolyData);
+#else
+              mapName2Data[name]->AddInputData(polygonPolyData);
+#endif
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (std::map<std::string, vtkSmartPointer<vtkAppendPolyData> >::iterator it = mapName2Data.begin(); it != mapName2Data.end(); ++it)
+    it->second->Update();
+
+  // number of contours
+  int numMasks = mapName2Data.size();
+
+  // Init writer
+  vtkGDCMPolyDataWriter * writer = vtkGDCMPolyDataWriter::New();
+  writer->SetNumberOfInputPorts(numMasks);
+  writer->SetFileName(m_OutputFilename.c_str());
+  writer->SetMedicalImageProperties(reader->GetMedicalImageProperties());
+
+  // List of already present rois
+  vtkStringArray* roiNames = vtkStringArray::New();
+  vtkStringArray* roiAlgorithms = vtkStringArray::New();
+  vtkStringArray* roiTypes = vtkStringArray::New();
+  roiNames->SetNumberOfValues(numMasks);
+  roiAlgorithms->SetNumberOfValues(numMasks);
+  roiTypes->SetNumberOfValues(numMasks);
+
+  // Add new structures
+  std::map<std::string, vtkSmartPointer<vtkAppendPolyData> >::iterator it = mapName2Data.begin();
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < numMasks; ++i) {
+#if VTK_MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
+    writer->SetInput(i, it->second->GetOutput());
+#else
+    writer->SetInputData(i, it->second->GetOutput());
+#endif
+    roiNames->InsertValue(i, it->first);
+    roiAlgorithms->InsertValue(i, "CLITK_CREATED");
+    roiTypes->InsertValue(i, "coucou"); //Roi type instead of coucou
+    ++it;
+  }
+
+  /*
+  //  Visu DEBUG
+  vtkPolyDataMapper *cubeMapper = vtkPolyDataMapper::New();
+  cubeMapper->SetInputData( mapName2Data[0]->GetOutput() );
+  cubeMapper->SetScalarRange(0,7);
+  vtkActor *cubeActor = vtkActor::New();
+  cubeActor->SetMapper(cubeMapper);
+  vtkProperty * property = cubeActor->GetProperty();
+  property->SetRepresentationToWireframe();
+
+  vtkRenderer *renderer = vtkRenderer::New();
+  vtkRenderWindow *renWin = vtkRenderWindow::New();
+  renWin->AddRenderer(renderer);
+
+  vtkRenderWindowInteractor *iren = vtkRenderWindowInteractor::New();
+  iren->SetRenderWindow(renWin);
+
+  renderer->AddActor(cubeActor);
+  renderer->ResetCamera();
+  renderer->SetBackground(1,1,1);
+
+  renWin->SetSize(300,300);
+
+  renWin->Render();
+  iren->Start();
+  */
+  // End visu
+
+  // Write (need to read dicom for slice id)
+  vtkRTStructSetProperties* theProperties = vtkRTStructSetProperties::New();
+  writer->SetRTStructSetProperties(theProperties);
+  if (GetVerboseFlag()) {
+    std::cout << "Looking for dicom info, study instance "
+              << p->GetStudyInstanceUID() << std::endl;
+  }
+  writer->InitializeRTStructSet(m_DicomFolder,
+                                reader->GetRTStructSetProperties()->GetStructureSetLabel(),
+                                reader->GetRTStructSetProperties()->GetStructureSetName(),
+                                roiNames, roiAlgorithms, roiTypes);
+  writer->Write();
+  reader->Delete();
+  roiNames->Delete();
+  roiTypes->Delete();
+  roiAlgorithms->Delete();
+  writer->Delete();
+}
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
index 606027ee16e458b00f5d2f326b619f8bee0d3e84..2111f119c9bf0b0ea53476a7cf49eef7c0f36f01 100644 (file)
@@ -208,6 +208,11 @@ if(CLITK_BUILD_TOOLS)
     WRAP_GGO(clitkImage2DicomRTStruct_GGO_C clitkImage2DicomRTStruct.ggo)
     add_executable(clitkImage2DicomRTStruct clitkImage2DicomRTStruct.cxx ${clitkImage2DicomRTStruct_GGO_C})
     target_link_libraries(clitkImage2DicomRTStruct clitkDicomRTStruct)
+
+    #include pugiXML to parse XML
+    WRAP_GGO(clitkXml2DicomRTStruct_GGO_C clitkXml2DicomRTStruct.ggo)
+    add_executable(clitkXml2DicomRTStruct ../utilities/pugixml/pugixml.cpp clitkXml2DicomRTStruct.cxx ${clitkXml2DicomRTStruct_GGO_C})
+    target_link_libraries(clitkXml2DicomRTStruct clitkDicomRTStruct)
   endif()
 
   WRAP_GGO(clitkComposeVF_GGO_C clitkComposeVF.ggo)
diff --git a/tools/clitkXml2DicomRTStruct.cxx b/tools/clitkXml2DicomRTStruct.cxx
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..96c160f
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*=========================================================================
+  Program:         vv http://www.creatis.insa-lyon.fr/rio/vv
+  Main authors :   XX XX XX
+
+  Authors belongs to:
+  - University of LYON           http://www.universite-lyon.fr/
+  - Léon Bérard cancer center    http://www.centreleonberard.fr
+  - CREATIS CNRS laboratory      http://www.creatis.insa-lyon.fr
+
+  This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even
+  the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+  PURPOSE.  See the copyright notices for more information.
+
+  It is distributed under dual licence
+  - BSD       http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php
+  - CeCILL-B  http://www.cecill.info/licences/Licence_CeCILL-B_V1-en.html
+
+  =========================================================================*/
+
+// clitk
+#include "clitkXml2DicomRTStructFilter.h"
+#include "clitkXml2DicomRTStruct_ggo.h"
+
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------
+int main(int argc, char * argv[]) {
+
+  // Init command line
+  GGO(clitkXml2DicomRTStruct, args_info);
+
+  // Create a filter to convert Xml struct into dicomRTStruct and write to disk
+  typedef float PixelType;
+  clitk::Xml2DicomRTStructFilter<PixelType> filter;
+  filter.SetVerboseFlag(args_info.verbose_flag);
+  filter.SetInputFilename(args_info.input_arg);
+  filter.SetDicomFolder(args_info.dicom_arg);
+  filter.SetStructureSetFilename(args_info.rtstruct_arg);
+  filter.SetOutputFilename(args_info.output_arg);
+  filter.Update();
+
+  // This is the end my friend
+  return 0;
+}
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tools/clitkXml2DicomRTStruct.ggo b/tools/clitkXml2DicomRTStruct.ggo
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..ab49cce
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# file clitkXml2DicomRTStruct.ggo
+package "clitk"
+version "1.0"
+description "Convert a Structure from XML to DICOM RT Structure Set (contours)
+The structure of the xml has to be like this:
+"
+
+option "config"    - "Config file"                                                    string  no
+option "verbose"   v "Verbose"                                                        flag off
+
+option "input"     i "Input xml file with struct to be converted into DicomRTStruct"  string  yes
+option "rtstruct"  r "Input rt struct"                                                string  yes
+option "dicom"     d "Input folder where the initial dicom ct is"                     string  yes
+option "output"    o "Output DicomRT filename"                                        string  yes
diff --git a/utilities/pugixml/pugiconfig.hpp b/utilities/pugixml/pugiconfig.hpp
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..f739e06
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/**
+ * pugixml parser - version 1.9
+ * --------------------------------------------------------
+ * Copyright (C) 2006-2018, by Arseny Kapoulkine (arseny.kapoulkine@gmail.com)
+ * Report bugs and download new versions at http://pugixml.org/
+ *
+ * This library is distributed under the MIT License. See notice at the end
+ * of this file.
+ *
+ * This work is based on the pugxml parser, which is:
+ * Copyright (C) 2003, by Kristen Wegner (kristen@tima.net)
+ */
+
+#ifndef HEADER_PUGICONFIG_HPP
+#define HEADER_PUGICONFIG_HPP
+
+// Uncomment this to enable wchar_t mode
+// #define PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+
+// Uncomment this to enable compact mode
+// #define PUGIXML_COMPACT
+
+// Uncomment this to disable XPath
+// #define PUGIXML_NO_XPATH
+
+// Uncomment this to disable STL
+// #define PUGIXML_NO_STL
+
+// Uncomment this to disable exceptions
+// #define PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+
+// Set this to control attributes for public classes/functions, i.e.:
+// #define PUGIXML_API __declspec(dllexport) // to export all public symbols from DLL
+// #define PUGIXML_CLASS __declspec(dllimport) // to import all classes from DLL
+// #define PUGIXML_FUNCTION __fastcall // to set calling conventions to all public functions to fastcall
+// In absence of PUGIXML_CLASS/PUGIXML_FUNCTION definitions PUGIXML_API is used instead
+
+// Tune these constants to adjust memory-related behavior
+// #define PUGIXML_MEMORY_PAGE_SIZE 32768
+// #define PUGIXML_MEMORY_OUTPUT_STACK 10240
+// #define PUGIXML_MEMORY_XPATH_PAGE_SIZE 4096
+
+// Uncomment this to switch to header-only version
+// #define PUGIXML_HEADER_ONLY
+
+// Uncomment this to enable long long support
+// #define PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2018 Arseny Kapoulkine
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
+ * obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
+ * files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
+ * restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
+ * copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+ * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
+ * conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
+ * OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+ * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
+ * HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
+ * OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
diff --git a/utilities/pugixml/pugixml.cpp b/utilities/pugixml/pugixml.cpp
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..b811ba7
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,12796 @@
+/**
+ * pugixml parser - version 1.9
+ * --------------------------------------------------------
+ * Copyright (C) 2006-2018, by Arseny Kapoulkine (arseny.kapoulkine@gmail.com)
+ * Report bugs and download new versions at http://pugixml.org/
+ *
+ * This library is distributed under the MIT License. See notice at the end
+ * of this file.
+ *
+ * This work is based on the pugxml parser, which is:
+ * Copyright (C) 2003, by Kristen Wegner (kristen@tima.net)
+ */
+
+#ifndef SOURCE_PUGIXML_CPP
+#define SOURCE_PUGIXML_CPP
+
+#include "pugixml.hpp"
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+#      include <wchar.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_XPATH
+#      include <math.h>
+#      include <float.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+#      include <istream>
+#      include <ostream>
+#      include <string>
+#endif
+
+// For placement new
+#include <new>
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#      pragma warning(push)
+#      pragma warning(disable: 4127) // conditional expression is constant
+#      pragma warning(disable: 4324) // structure was padded due to __declspec(align())
+#      pragma warning(disable: 4702) // unreachable code
+#      pragma warning(disable: 4996) // this function or variable may be unsafe
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(__c2__)
+#      pragma clang diagnostic push
+#      pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated" // this function or variable may be unsafe
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __INTEL_COMPILER
+#      pragma warning(disable: 177) // function was declared but never referenced
+#      pragma warning(disable: 279) // controlling expression is constant
+#      pragma warning(disable: 1478 1786) // function was declared "deprecated"
+#      pragma warning(disable: 1684) // conversion from pointer to same-sized integral type
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__BORLANDC__) && defined(PUGIXML_HEADER_ONLY)
+#      pragma warn -8080 // symbol is declared but never used; disabling this inside push/pop bracket does not make the warning go away
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __BORLANDC__
+#      pragma option push
+#      pragma warn -8008 // condition is always false
+#      pragma warn -8066 // unreachable code
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __SNC__
+// Using diag_push/diag_pop does not disable the warnings inside templates due to a compiler bug
+#      pragma diag_suppress=178 // function was declared but never referenced
+#      pragma diag_suppress=237 // controlling expression is constant
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __TI_COMPILER_VERSION__
+#      pragma diag_suppress 179 // function was declared but never referenced
+#endif
+
+// Inlining controls
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1300
+#      define PUGI__NO_INLINE __declspec(noinline)
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#      define PUGI__NO_INLINE __attribute__((noinline))
+#else
+#      define PUGI__NO_INLINE
+#endif
+
+// Branch weight controls
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__c2__)
+#      define PUGI__UNLIKELY(cond) __builtin_expect(cond, 0)
+#else
+#      define PUGI__UNLIKELY(cond) (cond)
+#endif
+
+// Simple static assertion
+#define PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT(cond) { static const char condition_failed[(cond) ? 1 : -1] = {0}; (void)condition_failed[0]; }
+
+// Digital Mars C++ bug workaround for passing char loaded from memory via stack
+#ifdef __DMC__
+#      define PUGI__DMC_VOLATILE volatile
+#else
+#      define PUGI__DMC_VOLATILE
+#endif
+
+// Integer sanitizer workaround; we only apply this for clang since gcc8 has no_sanitize but not unsigned-integer-overflow and produces "attribute directive ignored" warnings
+#if defined(__clang__) && defined(__has_attribute)
+#      if __has_attribute(no_sanitize)
+#              define PUGI__UNSIGNED_OVERFLOW __attribute__((no_sanitize("unsigned-integer-overflow")))
+#      else
+#              define PUGI__UNSIGNED_OVERFLOW
+#      endif
+#else
+#      define PUGI__UNSIGNED_OVERFLOW
+#endif
+
+// Borland C++ bug workaround for not defining ::memcpy depending on header include order (can't always use std::memcpy because some compilers don't have it at all)
+#if defined(__BORLANDC__) && !defined(__MEM_H_USING_LIST)
+using std::memcpy;
+using std::memmove;
+using std::memset;
+#endif
+
+// Some MinGW/GCC versions have headers that erroneously omit LLONG_MIN/LLONG_MAX/ULLONG_MAX definitions from limits.h in some configurations
+#if defined(PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG) && defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(LLONG_MAX) && !defined(LLONG_MIN) && !defined(ULLONG_MAX)
+#      define LLONG_MIN (-LLONG_MAX - 1LL)
+#      define LLONG_MAX __LONG_LONG_MAX__
+#      define ULLONG_MAX (LLONG_MAX * 2ULL + 1ULL)
+#endif
+
+// In some environments MSVC is a compiler but the CRT lacks certain MSVC-specific features
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__S3E__)
+#      define PUGI__MSVC_CRT_VERSION _MSC_VER
+#endif
+
+// Not all platforms have snprintf; we define a wrapper that uses snprintf if possible. This only works with buffers with a known size.
+#if __cplusplus >= 201103
+#      define PUGI__SNPRINTF(buf, ...) snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), __VA_ARGS__)
+#elif defined(PUGI__MSVC_CRT_VERSION) && PUGI__MSVC_CRT_VERSION >= 1400
+#      define PUGI__SNPRINTF(buf, ...) _snprintf_s(buf, _countof(buf), _TRUNCATE, __VA_ARGS__)
+#else
+#      define PUGI__SNPRINTF sprintf
+#endif
+
+// We put implementation details into an anonymous namespace in source mode, but have to keep it in non-anonymous namespace in header-only mode to prevent binary bloat.
+#ifdef PUGIXML_HEADER_ONLY
+#      define PUGI__NS_BEGIN namespace pugi { namespace impl {
+#      define PUGI__NS_END } }
+#      define PUGI__FN inline
+#      define PUGI__FN_NO_INLINE inline
+#else
+#      if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1300 // MSVC6 seems to have an amusing bug with anonymous namespaces inside namespaces
+#              define PUGI__NS_BEGIN namespace pugi { namespace impl {
+#              define PUGI__NS_END } }
+#      else
+#              define PUGI__NS_BEGIN namespace pugi { namespace impl { namespace {
+#              define PUGI__NS_END } } }
+#      endif
+#      define PUGI__FN
+#      define PUGI__FN_NO_INLINE PUGI__NO_INLINE
+#endif
+
+// uintptr_t
+#if (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1600) || (defined(__BORLANDC__) && __BORLANDC__ < 0x561)
+namespace pugi
+{
+#      ifndef _UINTPTR_T_DEFINED
+       typedef size_t uintptr_t;
+#      endif
+
+       typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
+       typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
+       typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
+}
+#else
+#      include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+
+// Memory allocation
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       PUGI__FN void* default_allocate(size_t size)
+       {
+               return malloc(size);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void default_deallocate(void* ptr)
+       {
+               free(ptr);
+       }
+
+       template <typename T>
+       struct xml_memory_management_function_storage
+       {
+               static allocation_function allocate;
+               static deallocation_function deallocate;
+       };
+
+       // Global allocation functions are stored in class statics so that in header mode linker deduplicates them
+       // Without a template<> we'll get multiple definitions of the same static
+       template <typename T> allocation_function xml_memory_management_function_storage<T>::allocate = default_allocate;
+       template <typename T> deallocation_function xml_memory_management_function_storage<T>::deallocate = default_deallocate;
+
+       typedef xml_memory_management_function_storage<int> xml_memory;
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+// String utilities
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       // Get string length
+       PUGI__FN size_t strlength(const char_t* s)
+       {
+               assert(s);
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+               return wcslen(s);
+       #else
+               return strlen(s);
+       #endif
+       }
+
+       // Compare two strings
+       PUGI__FN bool strequal(const char_t* src, const char_t* dst)
+       {
+               assert(src && dst);
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+               return wcscmp(src, dst) == 0;
+       #else
+               return strcmp(src, dst) == 0;
+       #endif
+       }
+
+       // Compare lhs with [rhs_begin, rhs_end)
+       PUGI__FN bool strequalrange(const char_t* lhs, const char_t* rhs, size_t count)
+       {
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+                       if (lhs[i] != rhs[i])
+                               return false;
+
+               return lhs[count] == 0;
+       }
+
+       // Get length of wide string, even if CRT lacks wide character support
+       PUGI__FN size_t strlength_wide(const wchar_t* s)
+       {
+               assert(s);
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+               return wcslen(s);
+       #else
+               const wchar_t* end = s;
+               while (*end) end++;
+               return static_cast<size_t>(end - s);
+       #endif
+       }
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+// auto_ptr-like object for exception recovery
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       template <typename T> struct auto_deleter
+       {
+               typedef void (*D)(T*);
+
+               T* data;
+               D deleter;
+
+               auto_deleter(T* data_, D deleter_): data(data_), deleter(deleter_)
+               {
+               }
+
+               ~auto_deleter()
+               {
+                       if (data) deleter(data);
+               }
+
+               T* release()
+               {
+                       T* result = data;
+                       data = 0;
+                       return result;
+               }
+       };
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       class compact_hash_table
+       {
+       public:
+               compact_hash_table(): _items(0), _capacity(0), _count(0)
+               {
+               }
+
+               void clear()
+               {
+                       if (_items)
+                       {
+                               xml_memory::deallocate(_items);
+                               _items = 0;
+                               _capacity = 0;
+                               _count = 0;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               void* find(const void* key)
+               {
+                       if (_capacity == 0) return 0;
+
+                       item_t* item = get_item(key);
+                       assert(item);
+                       assert(item->key == key || (item->key == 0 && item->value == 0));
+
+                       return item->value;
+               }
+
+               void insert(const void* key, void* value)
+               {
+                       assert(_capacity != 0 && _count < _capacity - _capacity / 4);
+
+                       item_t* item = get_item(key);
+                       assert(item);
+
+                       if (item->key == 0)
+                       {
+                               _count++;
+                               item->key = key;
+                       }
+
+                       item->value = value;
+               }
+
+               bool reserve(size_t extra = 16)
+               {
+                       if (_count + extra >= _capacity - _capacity / 4)
+                               return rehash(_count + extra);
+
+                       return true;
+               }
+
+       private:
+               struct item_t
+               {
+                       const void* key;
+                       void* value;
+               };
+
+               item_t* _items;
+               size_t _capacity;
+
+               size_t _count;
+
+               bool rehash(size_t count);
+
+               item_t* get_item(const void* key)
+               {
+                       assert(key);
+                       assert(_capacity > 0);
+
+                       size_t hashmod = _capacity - 1;
+                       size_t bucket = hash(key) & hashmod;
+
+                       for (size_t probe = 0; probe <= hashmod; ++probe)
+                       {
+                               item_t& probe_item = _items[bucket];
+
+                               if (probe_item.key == key || probe_item.key == 0)
+                                       return &probe_item;
+
+                               // hash collision, quadratic probing
+                               bucket = (bucket + probe + 1) & hashmod;
+                       }
+
+                       assert(false && "Hash table is full"); // unreachable
+                       return 0;
+               }
+
+               static PUGI__UNSIGNED_OVERFLOW unsigned int hash(const void* key)
+               {
+                       unsigned int h = static_cast<unsigned int>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(key));
+
+                       // MurmurHash3 32-bit finalizer
+                       h ^= h >> 16;
+                       h *= 0x85ebca6bu;
+                       h ^= h >> 13;
+                       h *= 0xc2b2ae35u;
+                       h ^= h >> 16;
+
+                       return h;
+               }
+       };
+
+       PUGI__FN_NO_INLINE bool compact_hash_table::rehash(size_t count)
+       {
+               size_t capacity = 32;
+               while (count >= capacity - capacity / 4)
+                       capacity *= 2;
+
+               compact_hash_table rt;
+               rt._capacity = capacity;
+               rt._items = static_cast<item_t*>(xml_memory::allocate(sizeof(item_t) * capacity));
+
+               if (!rt._items)
+                       return false;
+
+               memset(rt._items, 0, sizeof(item_t) * capacity);
+
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < _capacity; ++i)
+                       if (_items[i].key)
+                               rt.insert(_items[i].key, _items[i].value);
+
+               if (_items)
+                       xml_memory::deallocate(_items);
+
+               _capacity = capacity;
+               _items = rt._items;
+
+               assert(_count == rt._count);
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
+PUGI__NS_END
+#endif
+
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+#ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+       static const uintptr_t xml_memory_block_alignment = 4;
+#else
+       static const uintptr_t xml_memory_block_alignment = sizeof(void*);
+#endif
+
+       // extra metadata bits
+       static const uintptr_t xml_memory_page_contents_shared_mask = 64;
+       static const uintptr_t xml_memory_page_name_allocated_mask = 32;
+       static const uintptr_t xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask = 16;
+       static const uintptr_t xml_memory_page_type_mask = 15;
+
+       // combined masks for string uniqueness
+       static const uintptr_t xml_memory_page_name_allocated_or_shared_mask = xml_memory_page_name_allocated_mask | xml_memory_page_contents_shared_mask;
+       static const uintptr_t xml_memory_page_value_allocated_or_shared_mask = xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask | xml_memory_page_contents_shared_mask;
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+       #define PUGI__GETHEADER_IMPL(object, page, flags) // unused
+       #define PUGI__GETPAGE_IMPL(header) (header).get_page()
+#else
+       #define PUGI__GETHEADER_IMPL(object, page, flags) (((reinterpret_cast<char*>(object) - reinterpret_cast<char*>(page)) << 8) | (flags))
+       // this macro casts pointers through void* to avoid 'cast increases required alignment of target type' warnings
+       #define PUGI__GETPAGE_IMPL(header) static_cast<impl::xml_memory_page*>(const_cast<void*>(static_cast<const void*>(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&header) - (header >> 8))))
+#endif
+
+       #define PUGI__GETPAGE(n) PUGI__GETPAGE_IMPL((n)->header)
+       #define PUGI__NODETYPE(n) static_cast<xml_node_type>((n)->header & impl::xml_memory_page_type_mask)
+
+       struct xml_allocator;
+
+       struct xml_memory_page
+       {
+               static xml_memory_page* construct(void* memory)
+               {
+                       xml_memory_page* result = static_cast<xml_memory_page*>(memory);
+
+                       result->allocator = 0;
+                       result->prev = 0;
+                       result->next = 0;
+                       result->busy_size = 0;
+                       result->freed_size = 0;
+
+               #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+                       result->compact_string_base = 0;
+                       result->compact_shared_parent = 0;
+                       result->compact_page_marker = 0;
+               #endif
+
+                       return result;
+               }
+
+               xml_allocator* allocator;
+
+               xml_memory_page* prev;
+               xml_memory_page* next;
+
+               size_t busy_size;
+               size_t freed_size;
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+               char_t* compact_string_base;
+               void* compact_shared_parent;
+               uint32_t* compact_page_marker;
+       #endif
+       };
+
+       static const size_t xml_memory_page_size =
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_MEMORY_PAGE_SIZE
+               (PUGIXML_MEMORY_PAGE_SIZE)
+       #else
+               32768
+       #endif
+               - sizeof(xml_memory_page);
+
+       struct xml_memory_string_header
+       {
+               uint16_t page_offset; // offset from page->data
+               uint16_t full_size; // 0 if string occupies whole page
+       };
+
+       struct xml_allocator
+       {
+               xml_allocator(xml_memory_page* root): _root(root), _busy_size(root->busy_size)
+               {
+               #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+                       _hash = 0;
+               #endif
+               }
+
+               xml_memory_page* allocate_page(size_t data_size)
+               {
+                       size_t size = sizeof(xml_memory_page) + data_size;
+
+                       // allocate block with some alignment, leaving memory for worst-case padding
+                       void* memory = xml_memory::allocate(size);
+                       if (!memory) return 0;
+
+                       // prepare page structure
+                       xml_memory_page* page = xml_memory_page::construct(memory);
+                       assert(page);
+
+                       page->allocator = _root->allocator;
+
+                       return page;
+               }
+
+               static void deallocate_page(xml_memory_page* page)
+               {
+                       xml_memory::deallocate(page);
+               }
+
+               void* allocate_memory_oob(size_t size, xml_memory_page*& out_page);
+
+               void* allocate_memory(size_t size, xml_memory_page*& out_page)
+               {
+                       if (PUGI__UNLIKELY(_busy_size + size > xml_memory_page_size))
+                               return allocate_memory_oob(size, out_page);
+
+                       void* buf = reinterpret_cast<char*>(_root) + sizeof(xml_memory_page) + _busy_size;
+
+                       _busy_size += size;
+
+                       out_page = _root;
+
+                       return buf;
+               }
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+               void* allocate_object(size_t size, xml_memory_page*& out_page)
+               {
+                       void* result = allocate_memory(size + sizeof(uint32_t), out_page);
+                       if (!result) return 0;
+
+                       // adjust for marker
+                       ptrdiff_t offset = static_cast<char*>(result) - reinterpret_cast<char*>(out_page->compact_page_marker);
+
+                       if (PUGI__UNLIKELY(static_cast<uintptr_t>(offset) >= 256 * xml_memory_block_alignment))
+                       {
+                               // insert new marker
+                               uint32_t* marker = static_cast<uint32_t*>(result);
+
+                               *marker = static_cast<uint32_t>(reinterpret_cast<char*>(marker) - reinterpret_cast<char*>(out_page));
+                               out_page->compact_page_marker = marker;
+
+                               // since we don't reuse the page space until we reallocate it, we can just pretend that we freed the marker block
+                               // this will make sure deallocate_memory correctly tracks the size
+                               out_page->freed_size += sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+                               return marker + 1;
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               // roll back uint32_t part
+                               _busy_size -= sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+                               return result;
+                       }
+               }
+       #else
+               void* allocate_object(size_t size, xml_memory_page*& out_page)
+               {
+                       return allocate_memory(size, out_page);
+               }
+       #endif
+
+               void deallocate_memory(void* ptr, size_t size, xml_memory_page* page)
+               {
+                       if (page == _root) page->busy_size = _busy_size;
+
+                       assert(ptr >= reinterpret_cast<char*>(page) + sizeof(xml_memory_page) && ptr < reinterpret_cast<char*>(page) + sizeof(xml_memory_page) + page->busy_size);
+                       (void)!ptr;
+
+                       page->freed_size += size;
+                       assert(page->freed_size <= page->busy_size);
+
+                       if (page->freed_size == page->busy_size)
+                       {
+                               if (page->next == 0)
+                               {
+                                       assert(_root == page);
+
+                                       // top page freed, just reset sizes
+                                       page->busy_size = 0;
+                                       page->freed_size = 0;
+
+                               #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+                                       // reset compact state to maximize efficiency
+                                       page->compact_string_base = 0;
+                                       page->compact_shared_parent = 0;
+                                       page->compact_page_marker = 0;
+                               #endif
+
+                                       _busy_size = 0;
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       assert(_root != page);
+                                       assert(page->prev);
+
+                                       // remove from the list
+                                       page->prev->next = page->next;
+                                       page->next->prev = page->prev;
+
+                                       // deallocate
+                                       deallocate_page(page);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               char_t* allocate_string(size_t length)
+               {
+                       static const size_t max_encoded_offset = (1 << 16) * xml_memory_block_alignment;
+
+                       PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT(xml_memory_page_size <= max_encoded_offset);
+
+                       // allocate memory for string and header block
+                       size_t size = sizeof(xml_memory_string_header) + length * sizeof(char_t);
+
+                       // round size up to block alignment boundary
+                       size_t full_size = (size + (xml_memory_block_alignment - 1)) & ~(xml_memory_block_alignment - 1);
+
+                       xml_memory_page* page;
+                       xml_memory_string_header* header = static_cast<xml_memory_string_header*>(allocate_memory(full_size, page));
+
+                       if (!header) return 0;
+
+                       // setup header
+                       ptrdiff_t page_offset = reinterpret_cast<char*>(header) - reinterpret_cast<char*>(page) - sizeof(xml_memory_page);
+
+                       assert(page_offset % xml_memory_block_alignment == 0);
+                       assert(page_offset >= 0 && static_cast<size_t>(page_offset) < max_encoded_offset);
+                       header->page_offset = static_cast<uint16_t>(static_cast<size_t>(page_offset) / xml_memory_block_alignment);
+
+                       // full_size == 0 for large strings that occupy the whole page
+                       assert(full_size % xml_memory_block_alignment == 0);
+                       assert(full_size < max_encoded_offset || (page->busy_size == full_size && page_offset == 0));
+                       header->full_size = static_cast<uint16_t>(full_size < max_encoded_offset ? full_size / xml_memory_block_alignment : 0);
+
+                       // round-trip through void* to avoid 'cast increases required alignment of target type' warning
+                       // header is guaranteed a pointer-sized alignment, which should be enough for char_t
+                       return static_cast<char_t*>(static_cast<void*>(header + 1));
+               }
+
+               void deallocate_string(char_t* string)
+               {
+                       // this function casts pointers through void* to avoid 'cast increases required alignment of target type' warnings
+                       // we're guaranteed the proper (pointer-sized) alignment on the input string if it was allocated via allocate_string
+
+                       // get header
+                       xml_memory_string_header* header = static_cast<xml_memory_string_header*>(static_cast<void*>(string)) - 1;
+                       assert(header);
+
+                       // deallocate
+                       size_t page_offset = sizeof(xml_memory_page) + header->page_offset * xml_memory_block_alignment;
+                       xml_memory_page* page = reinterpret_cast<xml_memory_page*>(static_cast<void*>(reinterpret_cast<char*>(header) - page_offset));
+
+                       // if full_size == 0 then this string occupies the whole page
+                       size_t full_size = header->full_size == 0 ? page->busy_size : header->full_size * xml_memory_block_alignment;
+
+                       deallocate_memory(header, full_size, page);
+               }
+
+               bool reserve()
+               {
+               #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+                       return _hash->reserve();
+               #else
+                       return true;
+               #endif
+               }
+
+               xml_memory_page* _root;
+               size_t _busy_size;
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+               compact_hash_table* _hash;
+       #endif
+       };
+
+       PUGI__FN_NO_INLINE void* xml_allocator::allocate_memory_oob(size_t size, xml_memory_page*& out_page)
+       {
+               const size_t large_allocation_threshold = xml_memory_page_size / 4;
+
+               xml_memory_page* page = allocate_page(size <= large_allocation_threshold ? xml_memory_page_size : size);
+               out_page = page;
+
+               if (!page) return 0;
+
+               if (size <= large_allocation_threshold)
+               {
+                       _root->busy_size = _busy_size;
+
+                       // insert page at the end of linked list
+                       page->prev = _root;
+                       _root->next = page;
+                       _root = page;
+
+                       _busy_size = size;
+               }
+               else
+               {
+                       // insert page before the end of linked list, so that it is deleted as soon as possible
+                       // the last page is not deleted even if it's empty (see deallocate_memory)
+                       assert(_root->prev);
+
+                       page->prev = _root->prev;
+                       page->next = _root;
+
+                       _root->prev->next = page;
+                       _root->prev = page;
+
+                       page->busy_size = size;
+               }
+
+               return reinterpret_cast<char*>(page) + sizeof(xml_memory_page);
+       }
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       static const uintptr_t compact_alignment_log2 = 2;
+       static const uintptr_t compact_alignment = 1 << compact_alignment_log2;
+
+       class compact_header
+       {
+       public:
+               compact_header(xml_memory_page* page, unsigned int flags)
+               {
+                       PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT(xml_memory_block_alignment == compact_alignment);
+
+                       ptrdiff_t offset = (reinterpret_cast<char*>(this) - reinterpret_cast<char*>(page->compact_page_marker));
+                       assert(offset % compact_alignment == 0 && static_cast<uintptr_t>(offset) < 256 * compact_alignment);
+
+                       _page = static_cast<unsigned char>(offset >> compact_alignment_log2);
+                       _flags = static_cast<unsigned char>(flags);
+               }
+
+               void operator&=(uintptr_t mod)
+               {
+                       _flags &= static_cast<unsigned char>(mod);
+               }
+
+               void operator|=(uintptr_t mod)
+               {
+                       _flags |= static_cast<unsigned char>(mod);
+               }
+
+               uintptr_t operator&(uintptr_t mod) const
+               {
+                       return _flags & mod;
+               }
+
+               xml_memory_page* get_page() const
+               {
+                       // round-trip through void* to silence 'cast increases required alignment of target type' warnings
+                       const char* page_marker = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this) - (_page << compact_alignment_log2);
+                       const char* page = page_marker - *reinterpret_cast<const uint32_t*>(static_cast<const void*>(page_marker));
+
+                       return const_cast<xml_memory_page*>(reinterpret_cast<const xml_memory_page*>(static_cast<const void*>(page)));
+               }
+
+       private:
+               unsigned char _page;
+               unsigned char _flags;
+       };
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_memory_page* compact_get_page(const void* object, int header_offset)
+       {
+               const compact_header* header = reinterpret_cast<const compact_header*>(static_cast<const char*>(object) - header_offset);
+
+               return header->get_page();
+       }
+
+       template <int header_offset, typename T> PUGI__FN_NO_INLINE T* compact_get_value(const void* object)
+       {
+               return static_cast<T*>(compact_get_page(object, header_offset)->allocator->_hash->find(object));
+       }
+
+       template <int header_offset, typename T> PUGI__FN_NO_INLINE void compact_set_value(const void* object, T* value)
+       {
+               compact_get_page(object, header_offset)->allocator->_hash->insert(object, value);
+       }
+
+       template <typename T, int header_offset, int start = -126> class compact_pointer
+       {
+       public:
+               compact_pointer(): _data(0)
+               {
+               }
+
+               void operator=(const compact_pointer& rhs)
+               {
+                       *this = rhs + 0;
+               }
+
+               void operator=(T* value)
+               {
+                       if (value)
+                       {
+                               // value is guaranteed to be compact-aligned; 'this' is not
+                               // our decoding is based on 'this' aligned to compact alignment downwards (see operator T*)
+                               // so for negative offsets (e.g. -3) we need to adjust the diff by compact_alignment - 1 to
+                               // compensate for arithmetic shift rounding for negative values
+                               ptrdiff_t diff = reinterpret_cast<char*>(value) - reinterpret_cast<char*>(this);
+                               ptrdiff_t offset = ((diff + int(compact_alignment - 1)) >> compact_alignment_log2) - start;
+
+                               if (static_cast<uintptr_t>(offset) <= 253)
+                                       _data = static_cast<unsigned char>(offset + 1);
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       compact_set_value<header_offset>(this, value);
+
+                                       _data = 255;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       else
+                               _data = 0;
+               }
+
+               operator T*() const
+               {
+                       if (_data)
+                       {
+                               if (_data < 255)
+                               {
+                                       uintptr_t base = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(this) & ~(compact_alignment - 1);
+
+                                       return reinterpret_cast<T*>(base + (_data - 1 + start) * compact_alignment);
+                               }
+                               else
+                                       return compact_get_value<header_offset, T>(this);
+                       }
+                       else
+                               return 0;
+               }
+
+               T* operator->() const
+               {
+                       return *this;
+               }
+
+       private:
+               unsigned char _data;
+       };
+
+       template <typename T, int header_offset> class compact_pointer_parent
+       {
+       public:
+               compact_pointer_parent(): _data(0)
+               {
+               }
+
+               void operator=(const compact_pointer_parent& rhs)
+               {
+                       *this = rhs + 0;
+               }
+
+               void operator=(T* value)
+               {
+                       if (value)
+                       {
+                               // value is guaranteed to be compact-aligned; 'this' is not
+                               // our decoding is based on 'this' aligned to compact alignment downwards (see operator T*)
+                               // so for negative offsets (e.g. -3) we need to adjust the diff by compact_alignment - 1 to
+                               // compensate for arithmetic shift behavior for negative values
+                               ptrdiff_t diff = reinterpret_cast<char*>(value) - reinterpret_cast<char*>(this);
+                               ptrdiff_t offset = ((diff + int(compact_alignment - 1)) >> compact_alignment_log2) + 65533;
+
+                               if (static_cast<uintptr_t>(offset) <= 65533)
+                               {
+                                       _data = static_cast<unsigned short>(offset + 1);
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       xml_memory_page* page = compact_get_page(this, header_offset);
+
+                                       if (PUGI__UNLIKELY(page->compact_shared_parent == 0))
+                                               page->compact_shared_parent = value;
+
+                                       if (page->compact_shared_parent == value)
+                                       {
+                                               _data = 65534;
+                                       }
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               compact_set_value<header_offset>(this, value);
+
+                                               _data = 65535;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               _data = 0;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               operator T*() const
+               {
+                       if (_data)
+                       {
+                               if (_data < 65534)
+                               {
+                                       uintptr_t base = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(this) & ~(compact_alignment - 1);
+
+                                       return reinterpret_cast<T*>(base + (_data - 1 - 65533) * compact_alignment);
+                               }
+                               else if (_data == 65534)
+                                       return static_cast<T*>(compact_get_page(this, header_offset)->compact_shared_parent);
+                               else
+                                       return compact_get_value<header_offset, T>(this);
+                       }
+                       else
+                               return 0;
+               }
+
+               T* operator->() const
+               {
+                       return *this;
+               }
+
+       private:
+               uint16_t _data;
+       };
+
+       template <int header_offset, int base_offset> class compact_string
+       {
+       public:
+               compact_string(): _data(0)
+               {
+               }
+
+               void operator=(const compact_string& rhs)
+               {
+                       *this = rhs + 0;
+               }
+
+               void operator=(char_t* value)
+               {
+                       if (value)
+                       {
+                               xml_memory_page* page = compact_get_page(this, header_offset);
+
+                               if (PUGI__UNLIKELY(page->compact_string_base == 0))
+                                       page->compact_string_base = value;
+
+                               ptrdiff_t offset = value - page->compact_string_base;
+
+                               if (static_cast<uintptr_t>(offset) < (65535 << 7))
+                               {
+                                       // round-trip through void* to silence 'cast increases required alignment of target type' warnings
+                                       uint16_t* base = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(static_cast<void*>(reinterpret_cast<char*>(this) - base_offset));
+
+                                       if (*base == 0)
+                                       {
+                                               *base = static_cast<uint16_t>((offset >> 7) + 1);
+                                               _data = static_cast<unsigned char>((offset & 127) + 1);
+                                       }
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               ptrdiff_t remainder = offset - ((*base - 1) << 7);
+
+                                               if (static_cast<uintptr_t>(remainder) <= 253)
+                                               {
+                                                       _data = static_cast<unsigned char>(remainder + 1);
+                                               }
+                                               else
+                                               {
+                                                       compact_set_value<header_offset>(this, value);
+
+                                                       _data = 255;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       compact_set_value<header_offset>(this, value);
+
+                                       _data = 255;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               _data = 0;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               operator char_t*() const
+               {
+                       if (_data)
+                       {
+                               if (_data < 255)
+                               {
+                                       xml_memory_page* page = compact_get_page(this, header_offset);
+
+                                       // round-trip through void* to silence 'cast increases required alignment of target type' warnings
+                                       const uint16_t* base = reinterpret_cast<const uint16_t*>(static_cast<const void*>(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this) - base_offset));
+                                       assert(*base);
+
+                                       ptrdiff_t offset = ((*base - 1) << 7) + (_data - 1);
+
+                                       return page->compact_string_base + offset;
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       return compact_get_value<header_offset, char_t>(this);
+                               }
+                       }
+                       else
+                               return 0;
+               }
+
+       private:
+               unsigned char _data;
+       };
+PUGI__NS_END
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+namespace pugi
+{
+       struct xml_attribute_struct
+       {
+               xml_attribute_struct(impl::xml_memory_page* page): header(page, 0), namevalue_base(0)
+               {
+                       PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(xml_attribute_struct) == 8);
+               }
+
+               impl::compact_header header;
+
+               uint16_t namevalue_base;
+
+               impl::compact_string<4, 2> name;
+               impl::compact_string<5, 3> value;
+
+               impl::compact_pointer<xml_attribute_struct, 6> prev_attribute_c;
+               impl::compact_pointer<xml_attribute_struct, 7, 0> next_attribute;
+       };
+
+       struct xml_node_struct
+       {
+               xml_node_struct(impl::xml_memory_page* page, xml_node_type type): header(page, type), namevalue_base(0)
+               {
+                       PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(xml_node_struct) == 12);
+               }
+
+               impl::compact_header header;
+
+               uint16_t namevalue_base;
+
+               impl::compact_string<4, 2> name;
+               impl::compact_string<5, 3> value;
+
+               impl::compact_pointer_parent<xml_node_struct, 6> parent;
+
+               impl::compact_pointer<xml_node_struct, 8, 0> first_child;
+
+               impl::compact_pointer<xml_node_struct,  9>    prev_sibling_c;
+               impl::compact_pointer<xml_node_struct, 10, 0> next_sibling;
+
+               impl::compact_pointer<xml_attribute_struct, 11, 0> first_attribute;
+       };
+}
+#else
+namespace pugi
+{
+       struct xml_attribute_struct
+       {
+               xml_attribute_struct(impl::xml_memory_page* page): name(0), value(0), prev_attribute_c(0), next_attribute(0)
+               {
+                       header = PUGI__GETHEADER_IMPL(this, page, 0);
+               }
+
+               uintptr_t header;
+
+               char_t* name;
+               char_t* value;
+
+               xml_attribute_struct* prev_attribute_c;
+               xml_attribute_struct* next_attribute;
+       };
+
+       struct xml_node_struct
+       {
+               xml_node_struct(impl::xml_memory_page* page, xml_node_type type): name(0), value(0), parent(0), first_child(0), prev_sibling_c(0), next_sibling(0), first_attribute(0)
+               {
+                       header = PUGI__GETHEADER_IMPL(this, page, type);
+               }
+
+               uintptr_t header;
+
+               char_t* name;
+               char_t* value;
+
+               xml_node_struct* parent;
+
+               xml_node_struct* first_child;
+
+               xml_node_struct* prev_sibling_c;
+               xml_node_struct* next_sibling;
+
+               xml_attribute_struct* first_attribute;
+       };
+}
+#endif
+
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       struct xml_extra_buffer
+       {
+               char_t* buffer;
+               xml_extra_buffer* next;
+       };
+
+       struct xml_document_struct: public xml_node_struct, public xml_allocator
+       {
+               xml_document_struct(xml_memory_page* page): xml_node_struct(page, node_document), xml_allocator(page), buffer(0), extra_buffers(0)
+               {
+               }
+
+               const char_t* buffer;
+
+               xml_extra_buffer* extra_buffers;
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+               compact_hash_table hash;
+       #endif
+       };
+
+       template <typename Object> inline xml_allocator& get_allocator(const Object* object)
+       {
+               assert(object);
+
+               return *PUGI__GETPAGE(object)->allocator;
+       }
+
+       template <typename Object> inline xml_document_struct& get_document(const Object* object)
+       {
+               assert(object);
+
+               return *static_cast<xml_document_struct*>(PUGI__GETPAGE(object)->allocator);
+       }
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+// Low-level DOM operations
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       inline xml_attribute_struct* allocate_attribute(xml_allocator& alloc)
+       {
+               xml_memory_page* page;
+               void* memory = alloc.allocate_object(sizeof(xml_attribute_struct), page);
+               if (!memory) return 0;
+
+               return new (memory) xml_attribute_struct(page);
+       }
+
+       inline xml_node_struct* allocate_node(xml_allocator& alloc, xml_node_type type)
+       {
+               xml_memory_page* page;
+               void* memory = alloc.allocate_object(sizeof(xml_node_struct), page);
+               if (!memory) return 0;
+
+               return new (memory) xml_node_struct(page, type);
+       }
+
+       inline void destroy_attribute(xml_attribute_struct* a, xml_allocator& alloc)
+       {
+               if (a->header & impl::xml_memory_page_name_allocated_mask)
+                       alloc.deallocate_string(a->name);
+
+               if (a->header & impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask)
+                       alloc.deallocate_string(a->value);
+
+               alloc.deallocate_memory(a, sizeof(xml_attribute_struct), PUGI__GETPAGE(a));
+       }
+
+       inline void destroy_node(xml_node_struct* n, xml_allocator& alloc)
+       {
+               if (n->header & impl::xml_memory_page_name_allocated_mask)
+                       alloc.deallocate_string(n->name);
+
+               if (n->header & impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask)
+                       alloc.deallocate_string(n->value);
+
+               for (xml_attribute_struct* attr = n->first_attribute; attr; )
+               {
+                       xml_attribute_struct* next = attr->next_attribute;
+
+                       destroy_attribute(attr, alloc);
+
+                       attr = next;
+               }
+
+               for (xml_node_struct* child = n->first_child; child; )
+               {
+                       xml_node_struct* next = child->next_sibling;
+
+                       destroy_node(child, alloc);
+
+                       child = next;
+               }
+
+               alloc.deallocate_memory(n, sizeof(xml_node_struct), PUGI__GETPAGE(n));
+       }
+
+       inline void append_node(xml_node_struct* child, xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               child->parent = node;
+
+               xml_node_struct* head = node->first_child;
+
+               if (head)
+               {
+                       xml_node_struct* tail = head->prev_sibling_c;
+
+                       tail->next_sibling = child;
+                       child->prev_sibling_c = tail;
+                       head->prev_sibling_c = child;
+               }
+               else
+               {
+                       node->first_child = child;
+                       child->prev_sibling_c = child;
+               }
+       }
+
+       inline void prepend_node(xml_node_struct* child, xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               child->parent = node;
+
+               xml_node_struct* head = node->first_child;
+
+               if (head)
+               {
+                       child->prev_sibling_c = head->prev_sibling_c;
+                       head->prev_sibling_c = child;
+               }
+               else
+                       child->prev_sibling_c = child;
+
+               child->next_sibling = head;
+               node->first_child = child;
+       }
+
+       inline void insert_node_after(xml_node_struct* child, xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* parent = node->parent;
+
+               child->parent = parent;
+
+               if (node->next_sibling)
+                       node->next_sibling->prev_sibling_c = child;
+               else
+                       parent->first_child->prev_sibling_c = child;
+
+               child->next_sibling = node->next_sibling;
+               child->prev_sibling_c = node;
+
+               node->next_sibling = child;
+       }
+
+       inline void insert_node_before(xml_node_struct* child, xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* parent = node->parent;
+
+               child->parent = parent;
+
+               if (node->prev_sibling_c->next_sibling)
+                       node->prev_sibling_c->next_sibling = child;
+               else
+                       parent->first_child = child;
+
+               child->prev_sibling_c = node->prev_sibling_c;
+               child->next_sibling = node;
+
+               node->prev_sibling_c = child;
+       }
+
+       inline void remove_node(xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* parent = node->parent;
+
+               if (node->next_sibling)
+                       node->next_sibling->prev_sibling_c = node->prev_sibling_c;
+               else
+                       parent->first_child->prev_sibling_c = node->prev_sibling_c;
+
+               if (node->prev_sibling_c->next_sibling)
+                       node->prev_sibling_c->next_sibling = node->next_sibling;
+               else
+                       parent->first_child = node->next_sibling;
+
+               node->parent = 0;
+               node->prev_sibling_c = 0;
+               node->next_sibling = 0;
+       }
+
+       inline void append_attribute(xml_attribute_struct* attr, xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               xml_attribute_struct* head = node->first_attribute;
+
+               if (head)
+               {
+                       xml_attribute_struct* tail = head->prev_attribute_c;
+
+                       tail->next_attribute = attr;
+                       attr->prev_attribute_c = tail;
+                       head->prev_attribute_c = attr;
+               }
+               else
+               {
+                       node->first_attribute = attr;
+                       attr->prev_attribute_c = attr;
+               }
+       }
+
+       inline void prepend_attribute(xml_attribute_struct* attr, xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               xml_attribute_struct* head = node->first_attribute;
+
+               if (head)
+               {
+                       attr->prev_attribute_c = head->prev_attribute_c;
+                       head->prev_attribute_c = attr;
+               }
+               else
+                       attr->prev_attribute_c = attr;
+
+               attr->next_attribute = head;
+               node->first_attribute = attr;
+       }
+
+       inline void insert_attribute_after(xml_attribute_struct* attr, xml_attribute_struct* place, xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               if (place->next_attribute)
+                       place->next_attribute->prev_attribute_c = attr;
+               else
+                       node->first_attribute->prev_attribute_c = attr;
+
+               attr->next_attribute = place->next_attribute;
+               attr->prev_attribute_c = place;
+               place->next_attribute = attr;
+       }
+
+       inline void insert_attribute_before(xml_attribute_struct* attr, xml_attribute_struct* place, xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               if (place->prev_attribute_c->next_attribute)
+                       place->prev_attribute_c->next_attribute = attr;
+               else
+                       node->first_attribute = attr;
+
+               attr->prev_attribute_c = place->prev_attribute_c;
+               attr->next_attribute = place;
+               place->prev_attribute_c = attr;
+       }
+
+       inline void remove_attribute(xml_attribute_struct* attr, xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               if (attr->next_attribute)
+                       attr->next_attribute->prev_attribute_c = attr->prev_attribute_c;
+               else
+                       node->first_attribute->prev_attribute_c = attr->prev_attribute_c;
+
+               if (attr->prev_attribute_c->next_attribute)
+                       attr->prev_attribute_c->next_attribute = attr->next_attribute;
+               else
+                       node->first_attribute = attr->next_attribute;
+
+               attr->prev_attribute_c = 0;
+               attr->next_attribute = 0;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN_NO_INLINE xml_node_struct* append_new_node(xml_node_struct* node, xml_allocator& alloc, xml_node_type type = node_element)
+       {
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return 0;
+
+               xml_node_struct* child = allocate_node(alloc, type);
+               if (!child) return 0;
+
+               append_node(child, node);
+
+               return child;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN_NO_INLINE xml_attribute_struct* append_new_attribute(xml_node_struct* node, xml_allocator& alloc)
+       {
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return 0;
+
+               xml_attribute_struct* attr = allocate_attribute(alloc);
+               if (!attr) return 0;
+
+               append_attribute(attr, node);
+
+               return attr;
+       }
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+// Helper classes for code generation
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       struct opt_false
+       {
+               enum { value = 0 };
+       };
+
+       struct opt_true
+       {
+               enum { value = 1 };
+       };
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+// Unicode utilities
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       inline uint16_t endian_swap(uint16_t value)
+       {
+               return static_cast<uint16_t>(((value & 0xff) << 8) | (value >> 8));
+       }
+
+       inline uint32_t endian_swap(uint32_t value)
+       {
+               return ((value & 0xff) << 24) | ((value & 0xff00) << 8) | ((value & 0xff0000) >> 8) | (value >> 24);
+       }
+
+       struct utf8_counter
+       {
+               typedef size_t value_type;
+
+               static value_type low(value_type result, uint32_t ch)
+               {
+                       // U+0000..U+007F
+                       if (ch < 0x80) return result + 1;
+                       // U+0080..U+07FF
+                       else if (ch < 0x800) return result + 2;
+                       // U+0800..U+FFFF
+                       else return result + 3;
+               }
+
+               static value_type high(value_type result, uint32_t)
+               {
+                       // U+10000..U+10FFFF
+                       return result + 4;
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct utf8_writer
+       {
+               typedef uint8_t* value_type;
+
+               static value_type low(value_type result, uint32_t ch)
+               {
+                       // U+0000..U+007F
+                       if (ch < 0x80)
+                       {
+                               *result = static_cast<uint8_t>(ch);
+                               return result + 1;
+                       }
+                       // U+0080..U+07FF
+                       else if (ch < 0x800)
+                       {
+                               result[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>(0xC0 | (ch >> 6));
+                               result[1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(0x80 | (ch & 0x3F));
+                               return result + 2;
+                       }
+                       // U+0800..U+FFFF
+                       else
+                       {
+                               result[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>(0xE0 | (ch >> 12));
+                               result[1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(0x80 | ((ch >> 6) & 0x3F));
+                               result[2] = static_cast<uint8_t>(0x80 | (ch & 0x3F));
+                               return result + 3;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               static value_type high(value_type result, uint32_t ch)
+               {
+                       // U+10000..U+10FFFF
+                       result[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>(0xF0 | (ch >> 18));
+                       result[1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(0x80 | ((ch >> 12) & 0x3F));
+                       result[2] = static_cast<uint8_t>(0x80 | ((ch >> 6) & 0x3F));
+                       result[3] = static_cast<uint8_t>(0x80 | (ch & 0x3F));
+                       return result + 4;
+               }
+
+               static value_type any(value_type result, uint32_t ch)
+               {
+                       return (ch < 0x10000) ? low(result, ch) : high(result, ch);
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct utf16_counter
+       {
+               typedef size_t value_type;
+
+               static value_type low(value_type result, uint32_t)
+               {
+                       return result + 1;
+               }
+
+               static value_type high(value_type result, uint32_t)
+               {
+                       return result + 2;
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct utf16_writer
+       {
+               typedef uint16_t* value_type;
+
+               static value_type low(value_type result, uint32_t ch)
+               {
+                       *result = static_cast<uint16_t>(ch);
+
+                       return result + 1;
+               }
+
+               static value_type high(value_type result, uint32_t ch)
+               {
+                       uint32_t msh = static_cast<uint32_t>(ch - 0x10000) >> 10;
+                       uint32_t lsh = static_cast<uint32_t>(ch - 0x10000) & 0x3ff;
+
+                       result[0] = static_cast<uint16_t>(0xD800 + msh);
+                       result[1] = static_cast<uint16_t>(0xDC00 + lsh);
+
+                       return result + 2;
+               }
+
+               static value_type any(value_type result, uint32_t ch)
+               {
+                       return (ch < 0x10000) ? low(result, ch) : high(result, ch);
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct utf32_counter
+       {
+               typedef size_t value_type;
+
+               static value_type low(value_type result, uint32_t)
+               {
+                       return result + 1;
+               }
+
+               static value_type high(value_type result, uint32_t)
+               {
+                       return result + 1;
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct utf32_writer
+       {
+               typedef uint32_t* value_type;
+
+               static value_type low(value_type result, uint32_t ch)
+               {
+                       *result = ch;
+
+                       return result + 1;
+               }
+
+               static value_type high(value_type result, uint32_t ch)
+               {
+                       *result = ch;
+
+                       return result + 1;
+               }
+
+               static value_type any(value_type result, uint32_t ch)
+               {
+                       *result = ch;
+
+                       return result + 1;
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct latin1_writer
+       {
+               typedef uint8_t* value_type;
+
+               static value_type low(value_type result, uint32_t ch)
+               {
+                       *result = static_cast<uint8_t>(ch > 255 ? '?' : ch);
+
+                       return result + 1;
+               }
+
+               static value_type high(value_type result, uint32_t ch)
+               {
+                       (void)ch;
+
+                       *result = '?';
+
+                       return result + 1;
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct utf8_decoder
+       {
+               typedef uint8_t type;
+
+               template <typename Traits> static inline typename Traits::value_type process(const uint8_t* data, size_t size, typename Traits::value_type result, Traits)
+               {
+                       const uint8_t utf8_byte_mask = 0x3f;
+
+                       while (size)
+                       {
+                               uint8_t lead = *data;
+
+                               // 0xxxxxxx -> U+0000..U+007F
+                               if (lead < 0x80)
+                               {
+                                       result = Traits::low(result, lead);
+                                       data += 1;
+                                       size -= 1;
+
+                                       // process aligned single-byte (ascii) blocks
+                                       if ((reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(data) & 3) == 0)
+                                       {
+                                               // round-trip through void* to silence 'cast increases required alignment of target type' warnings
+                                               while (size >= 4 && (*static_cast<const uint32_t*>(static_cast<const void*>(data)) & 0x80808080) == 0)
+                                               {
+                                                       result = Traits::low(result, data[0]);
+                                                       result = Traits::low(result, data[1]);
+                                                       result = Traits::low(result, data[2]);
+                                                       result = Traits::low(result, data[3]);
+                                                       data += 4;
+                                                       size -= 4;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               // 110xxxxx -> U+0080..U+07FF
+                               else if (static_cast<unsigned int>(lead - 0xC0) < 0x20 && size >= 2 && (data[1] & 0xc0) == 0x80)
+                               {
+                                       result = Traits::low(result, ((lead & ~0xC0) << 6) | (data[1] & utf8_byte_mask));
+                                       data += 2;
+                                       size -= 2;
+                               }
+                               // 1110xxxx -> U+0800-U+FFFF
+                               else if (static_cast<unsigned int>(lead - 0xE0) < 0x10 && size >= 3 && (data[1] & 0xc0) == 0x80 && (data[2] & 0xc0) == 0x80)
+                               {
+                                       result = Traits::low(result, ((lead & ~0xE0) << 12) | ((data[1] & utf8_byte_mask) << 6) | (data[2] & utf8_byte_mask));
+                                       data += 3;
+                                       size -= 3;
+                               }
+                               // 11110xxx -> U+10000..U+10FFFF
+                               else if (static_cast<unsigned int>(lead - 0xF0) < 0x08 && size >= 4 && (data[1] & 0xc0) == 0x80 && (data[2] & 0xc0) == 0x80 && (data[3] & 0xc0) == 0x80)
+                               {
+                                       result = Traits::high(result, ((lead & ~0xF0) << 18) | ((data[1] & utf8_byte_mask) << 12) | ((data[2] & utf8_byte_mask) << 6) | (data[3] & utf8_byte_mask));
+                                       data += 4;
+                                       size -= 4;
+                               }
+                               // 10xxxxxx or 11111xxx -> invalid
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       data += 1;
+                                       size -= 1;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       return result;
+               }
+       };
+
+       template <typename opt_swap> struct utf16_decoder
+       {
+               typedef uint16_t type;
+
+               template <typename Traits> static inline typename Traits::value_type process(const uint16_t* data, size_t size, typename Traits::value_type result, Traits)
+               {
+                       while (size)
+                       {
+                               uint16_t lead = opt_swap::value ? endian_swap(*data) : *data;
+
+                               // U+0000..U+D7FF
+                               if (lead < 0xD800)
+                               {
+                                       result = Traits::low(result, lead);
+                                       data += 1;
+                                       size -= 1;
+                               }
+                               // U+E000..U+FFFF
+                               else if (static_cast<unsigned int>(lead - 0xE000) < 0x2000)
+                               {
+                                       result = Traits::low(result, lead);
+                                       data += 1;
+                                       size -= 1;
+                               }
+                               // surrogate pair lead
+                               else if (static_cast<unsigned int>(lead - 0xD800) < 0x400 && size >= 2)
+                               {
+                                       uint16_t next = opt_swap::value ? endian_swap(data[1]) : data[1];
+
+                                       if (static_cast<unsigned int>(next - 0xDC00) < 0x400)
+                                       {
+                                               result = Traits::high(result, 0x10000 + ((lead & 0x3ff) << 10) + (next & 0x3ff));
+                                               data += 2;
+                                               size -= 2;
+                                       }
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               data += 1;
+                                               size -= 1;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       data += 1;
+                                       size -= 1;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       return result;
+               }
+       };
+
+       template <typename opt_swap> struct utf32_decoder
+       {
+               typedef uint32_t type;
+
+               template <typename Traits> static inline typename Traits::value_type process(const uint32_t* data, size_t size, typename Traits::value_type result, Traits)
+               {
+                       while (size)
+                       {
+                               uint32_t lead = opt_swap::value ? endian_swap(*data) : *data;
+
+                               // U+0000..U+FFFF
+                               if (lead < 0x10000)
+                               {
+                                       result = Traits::low(result, lead);
+                                       data += 1;
+                                       size -= 1;
+                               }
+                               // U+10000..U+10FFFF
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       result = Traits::high(result, lead);
+                                       data += 1;
+                                       size -= 1;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       return result;
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct latin1_decoder
+       {
+               typedef uint8_t type;
+
+               template <typename Traits> static inline typename Traits::value_type process(const uint8_t* data, size_t size, typename Traits::value_type result, Traits)
+               {
+                       while (size)
+                       {
+                               result = Traits::low(result, *data);
+                               data += 1;
+                               size -= 1;
+                       }
+
+                       return result;
+               }
+       };
+
+       template <size_t size> struct wchar_selector;
+
+       template <> struct wchar_selector<2>
+       {
+               typedef uint16_t type;
+               typedef utf16_counter counter;
+               typedef utf16_writer writer;
+               typedef utf16_decoder<opt_false> decoder;
+       };
+
+       template <> struct wchar_selector<4>
+       {
+               typedef uint32_t type;
+               typedef utf32_counter counter;
+               typedef utf32_writer writer;
+               typedef utf32_decoder<opt_false> decoder;
+       };
+
+       typedef wchar_selector<sizeof(wchar_t)>::counter wchar_counter;
+       typedef wchar_selector<sizeof(wchar_t)>::writer wchar_writer;
+
+       struct wchar_decoder
+       {
+               typedef wchar_t type;
+
+               template <typename Traits> static inline typename Traits::value_type process(const wchar_t* data, size_t size, typename Traits::value_type result, Traits traits)
+               {
+                       typedef wchar_selector<sizeof(wchar_t)>::decoder decoder;
+
+                       return decoder::process(reinterpret_cast<const typename decoder::type*>(data), size, result, traits);
+               }
+       };
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+       PUGI__FN void convert_wchar_endian_swap(wchar_t* result, const wchar_t* data, size_t length)
+       {
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i)
+                       result[i] = static_cast<wchar_t>(endian_swap(static_cast<wchar_selector<sizeof(wchar_t)>::type>(data[i])));
+       }
+#endif
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       enum chartype_t
+       {
+               ct_parse_pcdata = 1,    // \0, &, \r, <
+               ct_parse_attr = 2,              // \0, &, \r, ', "
+               ct_parse_attr_ws = 4,   // \0, &, \r, ', ", \n, tab
+               ct_space = 8,                   // \r, \n, space, tab
+               ct_parse_cdata = 16,    // \0, ], >, \r
+               ct_parse_comment = 32,  // \0, -, >, \r
+               ct_symbol = 64,                 // Any symbol > 127, a-z, A-Z, 0-9, _, :, -, .
+               ct_start_symbol = 128   // Any symbol > 127, a-z, A-Z, _, :
+       };
+
+       static const unsigned char chartype_table[256] =
+       {
+               55,  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,      0,   12,  12,  0,   0,   63,  0,   0,   // 0-15
+               0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,      0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   // 16-31
+               8,   0,   6,   0,   0,   0,   7,   6,      0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   96,  64,  0,   // 32-47
+               64,  64,  64,  64,  64,  64,  64,  64,     64,  64,  192, 0,   1,   0,   48,  0,   // 48-63
+               0,   192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,    192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, // 64-79
+               192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,    192, 192, 192, 0,   0,   16,  0,   192, // 80-95
+               0,   192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,    192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, // 96-111
+               192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,    192, 192, 192, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,           // 112-127
+
+               192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,    192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, // 128+
+               192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,    192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,
+               192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,    192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,
+               192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,    192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,
+               192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,    192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,
+               192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,    192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,
+               192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,    192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,
+               192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,    192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192
+       };
+
+       enum chartypex_t
+       {
+               ctx_special_pcdata = 1,   // Any symbol >= 0 and < 32 (except \t, \r, \n), &, <, >
+               ctx_special_attr = 2,     // Any symbol >= 0 and < 32 (except \t), &, <, >, "
+               ctx_start_symbol = 4,     // Any symbol > 127, a-z, A-Z, _
+               ctx_digit = 8,                    // 0-9
+               ctx_symbol = 16                   // Any symbol > 127, a-z, A-Z, 0-9, _, -, .
+       };
+
+       static const unsigned char chartypex_table[256] =
+       {
+               3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,     3,  0,  2,  3,  3,  2,  3,  3,     // 0-15
+               3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,     3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,     // 16-31
+               0,  0,  2,  0,  0,  0,  3,  0,     0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 16, 16,  0,     // 32-47
+               24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,    24, 24, 0,  0,  3,  0,  3,  0,     // 48-63
+
+               0,  20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    // 64-79
+               20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    20, 20, 20, 0,  0,  0,  0,  20,    // 80-95
+               0,  20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    // 96-111
+               20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    20, 20, 20, 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,     // 112-127
+
+               20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    // 128+
+               20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+               20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+               20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+               20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+               20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+               20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+               20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,    20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20
+       };
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+       #define PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE_IMPL(c, ct, table) ((static_cast<unsigned int>(c) < 128 ? table[static_cast<unsigned int>(c)] : table[128]) & (ct))
+#else
+       #define PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE_IMPL(c, ct, table) (table[static_cast<unsigned char>(c)] & (ct))
+#endif
+
+       #define PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(c, ct) PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE_IMPL(c, ct, chartype_table)
+       #define PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(c, ct) PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE_IMPL(c, ct, chartypex_table)
+
+       PUGI__FN bool is_little_endian()
+       {
+               unsigned int ui = 1;
+
+               return *reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>(&ui) == 1;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_encoding get_wchar_encoding()
+       {
+               PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(wchar_t) == 2 || sizeof(wchar_t) == 4);
+
+               if (sizeof(wchar_t) == 2)
+                       return is_little_endian() ? encoding_utf16_le : encoding_utf16_be;
+               else
+                       return is_little_endian() ? encoding_utf32_le : encoding_utf32_be;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool parse_declaration_encoding(const uint8_t* data, size_t size, const uint8_t*& out_encoding, size_t& out_length)
+       {
+       #define PUGI__SCANCHAR(ch) { if (offset >= size || data[offset] != ch) return false; offset++; }
+       #define PUGI__SCANCHARTYPE(ct) { while (offset < size && PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(data[offset], ct)) offset++; }
+
+               // check if we have a non-empty XML declaration
+               if (size < 6 || !((data[0] == '<') & (data[1] == '?') & (data[2] == 'x') & (data[3] == 'm') & (data[4] == 'l') && PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(data[5], ct_space)))
+                       return false;
+
+               // scan XML declaration until the encoding field
+               for (size_t i = 6; i + 1 < size; ++i)
+               {
+                       // declaration can not contain ? in quoted values
+                       if (data[i] == '?')
+                               return false;
+
+                       if (data[i] == 'e' && data[i + 1] == 'n')
+                       {
+                               size_t offset = i;
+
+                               // encoding follows the version field which can't contain 'en' so this has to be the encoding if XML is well formed
+                               PUGI__SCANCHAR('e'); PUGI__SCANCHAR('n'); PUGI__SCANCHAR('c'); PUGI__SCANCHAR('o');
+                               PUGI__SCANCHAR('d'); PUGI__SCANCHAR('i'); PUGI__SCANCHAR('n'); PUGI__SCANCHAR('g');
+
+                               // S? = S?
+                               PUGI__SCANCHARTYPE(ct_space);
+                               PUGI__SCANCHAR('=');
+                               PUGI__SCANCHARTYPE(ct_space);
+
+                               // the only two valid delimiters are ' and "
+                               uint8_t delimiter = (offset < size && data[offset] == '"') ? '"' : '\'';
+
+                               PUGI__SCANCHAR(delimiter);
+
+                               size_t start = offset;
+
+                               out_encoding = data + offset;
+
+                               PUGI__SCANCHARTYPE(ct_symbol);
+
+                               out_length = offset - start;
+
+                               PUGI__SCANCHAR(delimiter);
+
+                               return true;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               return false;
+
+       #undef PUGI__SCANCHAR
+       #undef PUGI__SCANCHARTYPE
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_encoding guess_buffer_encoding(const uint8_t* data, size_t size)
+       {
+               // skip encoding autodetection if input buffer is too small
+               if (size < 4) return encoding_utf8;
+
+               uint8_t d0 = data[0], d1 = data[1], d2 = data[2], d3 = data[3];
+
+               // look for BOM in first few bytes
+               if (d0 == 0 && d1 == 0 && d2 == 0xfe && d3 == 0xff) return encoding_utf32_be;
+               if (d0 == 0xff && d1 == 0xfe && d2 == 0 && d3 == 0) return encoding_utf32_le;
+               if (d0 == 0xfe && d1 == 0xff) return encoding_utf16_be;
+               if (d0 == 0xff && d1 == 0xfe) return encoding_utf16_le;
+               if (d0 == 0xef && d1 == 0xbb && d2 == 0xbf) return encoding_utf8;
+
+               // look for <, <? or <?xm in various encodings
+               if (d0 == 0 && d1 == 0 && d2 == 0 && d3 == 0x3c) return encoding_utf32_be;
+               if (d0 == 0x3c && d1 == 0 && d2 == 0 && d3 == 0) return encoding_utf32_le;
+               if (d0 == 0 && d1 == 0x3c && d2 == 0 && d3 == 0x3f) return encoding_utf16_be;
+               if (d0 == 0x3c && d1 == 0 && d2 == 0x3f && d3 == 0) return encoding_utf16_le;
+
+               // look for utf16 < followed by node name (this may fail, but is better than utf8 since it's zero terminated so early)
+               if (d0 == 0 && d1 == 0x3c) return encoding_utf16_be;
+               if (d0 == 0x3c && d1 == 0) return encoding_utf16_le;
+
+               // no known BOM detected; parse declaration
+               const uint8_t* enc = 0;
+               size_t enc_length = 0;
+
+               if (d0 == 0x3c && d1 == 0x3f && d2 == 0x78 && d3 == 0x6d && parse_declaration_encoding(data, size, enc, enc_length))
+               {
+                       // iso-8859-1 (case-insensitive)
+                       if (enc_length == 10
+                               && (enc[0] | ' ') == 'i' && (enc[1] | ' ') == 's' && (enc[2] | ' ') == 'o'
+                               && enc[3] == '-' && enc[4] == '8' && enc[5] == '8' && enc[6] == '5' && enc[7] == '9'
+                               && enc[8] == '-' && enc[9] == '1')
+                               return encoding_latin1;
+
+                       // latin1 (case-insensitive)
+                       if (enc_length == 6
+                               && (enc[0] | ' ') == 'l' && (enc[1] | ' ') == 'a' && (enc[2] | ' ') == 't'
+                               && (enc[3] | ' ') == 'i' && (enc[4] | ' ') == 'n'
+                               && enc[5] == '1')
+                               return encoding_latin1;
+               }
+
+               return encoding_utf8;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_encoding get_buffer_encoding(xml_encoding encoding, const void* contents, size_t size)
+       {
+               // replace wchar encoding with utf implementation
+               if (encoding == encoding_wchar) return get_wchar_encoding();
+
+               // replace utf16 encoding with utf16 with specific endianness
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf16) return is_little_endian() ? encoding_utf16_le : encoding_utf16_be;
+
+               // replace utf32 encoding with utf32 with specific endianness
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf32) return is_little_endian() ? encoding_utf32_le : encoding_utf32_be;
+
+               // only do autodetection if no explicit encoding is requested
+               if (encoding != encoding_auto) return encoding;
+
+               // try to guess encoding (based on XML specification, Appendix F.1)
+               const uint8_t* data = static_cast<const uint8_t*>(contents);
+
+               return guess_buffer_encoding(data, size);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool get_mutable_buffer(char_t*& out_buffer, size_t& out_length, const void* contents, size_t size, bool is_mutable)
+       {
+               size_t length = size / sizeof(char_t);
+
+               if (is_mutable)
+               {
+                       out_buffer = static_cast<char_t*>(const_cast<void*>(contents));
+                       out_length = length;
+               }
+               else
+               {
+                       char_t* buffer = static_cast<char_t*>(xml_memory::allocate((length + 1) * sizeof(char_t)));
+                       if (!buffer) return false;
+
+                       if (contents)
+                               memcpy(buffer, contents, length * sizeof(char_t));
+                       else
+                               assert(length == 0);
+
+                       buffer[length] = 0;
+
+                       out_buffer = buffer;
+                       out_length = length + 1;
+               }
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+       PUGI__FN bool need_endian_swap_utf(xml_encoding le, xml_encoding re)
+       {
+               return (le == encoding_utf16_be && re == encoding_utf16_le) || (le == encoding_utf16_le && re == encoding_utf16_be) ||
+                          (le == encoding_utf32_be && re == encoding_utf32_le) || (le == encoding_utf32_le && re == encoding_utf32_be);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool convert_buffer_endian_swap(char_t*& out_buffer, size_t& out_length, const void* contents, size_t size, bool is_mutable)
+       {
+               const char_t* data = static_cast<const char_t*>(contents);
+               size_t length = size / sizeof(char_t);
+
+               if (is_mutable)
+               {
+                       char_t* buffer = const_cast<char_t*>(data);
+
+                       convert_wchar_endian_swap(buffer, data, length);
+
+                       out_buffer = buffer;
+                       out_length = length;
+               }
+               else
+               {
+                       char_t* buffer = static_cast<char_t*>(xml_memory::allocate((length + 1) * sizeof(char_t)));
+                       if (!buffer) return false;
+
+                       convert_wchar_endian_swap(buffer, data, length);
+                       buffer[length] = 0;
+
+                       out_buffer = buffer;
+                       out_length = length + 1;
+               }
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       template <typename D> PUGI__FN bool convert_buffer_generic(char_t*& out_buffer, size_t& out_length, const void* contents, size_t size, D)
+       {
+               const typename D::type* data = static_cast<const typename D::type*>(contents);
+               size_t data_length = size / sizeof(typename D::type);
+
+               // first pass: get length in wchar_t units
+               size_t length = D::process(data, data_length, 0, wchar_counter());
+
+               // allocate buffer of suitable length
+               char_t* buffer = static_cast<char_t*>(xml_memory::allocate((length + 1) * sizeof(char_t)));
+               if (!buffer) return false;
+
+               // second pass: convert utf16 input to wchar_t
+               wchar_writer::value_type obegin = reinterpret_cast<wchar_writer::value_type>(buffer);
+               wchar_writer::value_type oend = D::process(data, data_length, obegin, wchar_writer());
+
+               assert(oend == obegin + length);
+               *oend = 0;
+
+               out_buffer = buffer;
+               out_length = length + 1;
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool convert_buffer(char_t*& out_buffer, size_t& out_length, xml_encoding encoding, const void* contents, size_t size, bool is_mutable)
+       {
+               // get native encoding
+               xml_encoding wchar_encoding = get_wchar_encoding();
+
+               // fast path: no conversion required
+               if (encoding == wchar_encoding)
+                       return get_mutable_buffer(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, is_mutable);
+
+               // only endian-swapping is required
+               if (need_endian_swap_utf(encoding, wchar_encoding))
+                       return convert_buffer_endian_swap(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, is_mutable);
+
+               // source encoding is utf8
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf8)
+                       return convert_buffer_generic(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, utf8_decoder());
+
+               // source encoding is utf16
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf16_be || encoding == encoding_utf16_le)
+               {
+                       xml_encoding native_encoding = is_little_endian() ? encoding_utf16_le : encoding_utf16_be;
+
+                       return (native_encoding == encoding) ?
+                               convert_buffer_generic(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, utf16_decoder<opt_false>()) :
+                               convert_buffer_generic(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, utf16_decoder<opt_true>());
+               }
+
+               // source encoding is utf32
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf32_be || encoding == encoding_utf32_le)
+               {
+                       xml_encoding native_encoding = is_little_endian() ? encoding_utf32_le : encoding_utf32_be;
+
+                       return (native_encoding == encoding) ?
+                               convert_buffer_generic(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, utf32_decoder<opt_false>()) :
+                               convert_buffer_generic(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, utf32_decoder<opt_true>());
+               }
+
+               // source encoding is latin1
+               if (encoding == encoding_latin1)
+                       return convert_buffer_generic(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, latin1_decoder());
+
+               assert(false && "Invalid encoding"); // unreachable
+               return false;
+       }
+#else
+       template <typename D> PUGI__FN bool convert_buffer_generic(char_t*& out_buffer, size_t& out_length, const void* contents, size_t size, D)
+       {
+               const typename D::type* data = static_cast<const typename D::type*>(contents);
+               size_t data_length = size / sizeof(typename D::type);
+
+               // first pass: get length in utf8 units
+               size_t length = D::process(data, data_length, 0, utf8_counter());
+
+               // allocate buffer of suitable length
+               char_t* buffer = static_cast<char_t*>(xml_memory::allocate((length + 1) * sizeof(char_t)));
+               if (!buffer) return false;
+
+               // second pass: convert utf16 input to utf8
+               uint8_t* obegin = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(buffer);
+               uint8_t* oend = D::process(data, data_length, obegin, utf8_writer());
+
+               assert(oend == obegin + length);
+               *oend = 0;
+
+               out_buffer = buffer;
+               out_length = length + 1;
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN size_t get_latin1_7bit_prefix_length(const uint8_t* data, size_t size)
+       {
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i)
+                       if (data[i] > 127)
+                               return i;
+
+               return size;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool convert_buffer_latin1(char_t*& out_buffer, size_t& out_length, const void* contents, size_t size, bool is_mutable)
+       {
+               const uint8_t* data = static_cast<const uint8_t*>(contents);
+               size_t data_length = size;
+
+               // get size of prefix that does not need utf8 conversion
+               size_t prefix_length = get_latin1_7bit_prefix_length(data, data_length);
+               assert(prefix_length <= data_length);
+
+               const uint8_t* postfix = data + prefix_length;
+               size_t postfix_length = data_length - prefix_length;
+
+               // if no conversion is needed, just return the original buffer
+               if (postfix_length == 0) return get_mutable_buffer(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, is_mutable);
+
+               // first pass: get length in utf8 units
+               size_t length = prefix_length + latin1_decoder::process(postfix, postfix_length, 0, utf8_counter());
+
+               // allocate buffer of suitable length
+               char_t* buffer = static_cast<char_t*>(xml_memory::allocate((length + 1) * sizeof(char_t)));
+               if (!buffer) return false;
+
+               // second pass: convert latin1 input to utf8
+               memcpy(buffer, data, prefix_length);
+
+               uint8_t* obegin = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(buffer);
+               uint8_t* oend = latin1_decoder::process(postfix, postfix_length, obegin + prefix_length, utf8_writer());
+
+               assert(oend == obegin + length);
+               *oend = 0;
+
+               out_buffer = buffer;
+               out_length = length + 1;
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool convert_buffer(char_t*& out_buffer, size_t& out_length, xml_encoding encoding, const void* contents, size_t size, bool is_mutable)
+       {
+               // fast path: no conversion required
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf8)
+                       return get_mutable_buffer(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, is_mutable);
+
+               // source encoding is utf16
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf16_be || encoding == encoding_utf16_le)
+               {
+                       xml_encoding native_encoding = is_little_endian() ? encoding_utf16_le : encoding_utf16_be;
+
+                       return (native_encoding == encoding) ?
+                               convert_buffer_generic(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, utf16_decoder<opt_false>()) :
+                               convert_buffer_generic(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, utf16_decoder<opt_true>());
+               }
+
+               // source encoding is utf32
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf32_be || encoding == encoding_utf32_le)
+               {
+                       xml_encoding native_encoding = is_little_endian() ? encoding_utf32_le : encoding_utf32_be;
+
+                       return (native_encoding == encoding) ?
+                               convert_buffer_generic(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, utf32_decoder<opt_false>()) :
+                               convert_buffer_generic(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, utf32_decoder<opt_true>());
+               }
+
+               // source encoding is latin1
+               if (encoding == encoding_latin1)
+                       return convert_buffer_latin1(out_buffer, out_length, contents, size, is_mutable);
+
+               assert(false && "Invalid encoding"); // unreachable
+               return false;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN size_t as_utf8_begin(const wchar_t* str, size_t length)
+       {
+               // get length in utf8 characters
+               return wchar_decoder::process(str, length, 0, utf8_counter());
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void as_utf8_end(char* buffer, size_t size, const wchar_t* str, size_t length)
+       {
+               // convert to utf8
+               uint8_t* begin = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(buffer);
+               uint8_t* end = wchar_decoder::process(str, length, begin, utf8_writer());
+
+               assert(begin + size == end);
+               (void)!end;
+               (void)!size;
+       }
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+       PUGI__FN std::string as_utf8_impl(const wchar_t* str, size_t length)
+       {
+               // first pass: get length in utf8 characters
+               size_t size = as_utf8_begin(str, length);
+
+               // allocate resulting string
+               std::string result;
+               result.resize(size);
+
+               // second pass: convert to utf8
+               if (size > 0) as_utf8_end(&result[0], size, str, length);
+
+               return result;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN std::basic_string<wchar_t> as_wide_impl(const char* str, size_t size)
+       {
+               const uint8_t* data = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(str);
+
+               // first pass: get length in wchar_t units
+               size_t length = utf8_decoder::process(data, size, 0, wchar_counter());
+
+               // allocate resulting string
+               std::basic_string<wchar_t> result;
+               result.resize(length);
+
+               // second pass: convert to wchar_t
+               if (length > 0)
+               {
+                       wchar_writer::value_type begin = reinterpret_cast<wchar_writer::value_type>(&result[0]);
+                       wchar_writer::value_type end = utf8_decoder::process(data, size, begin, wchar_writer());
+
+                       assert(begin + length == end);
+                       (void)!end;
+               }
+
+               return result;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       template <typename Header>
+       inline bool strcpy_insitu_allow(size_t length, const Header& header, uintptr_t header_mask, char_t* target)
+       {
+               // never reuse shared memory
+               if (header & xml_memory_page_contents_shared_mask) return false;
+
+               size_t target_length = strlength(target);
+
+               // always reuse document buffer memory if possible
+               if ((header & header_mask) == 0) return target_length >= length;
+
+               // reuse heap memory if waste is not too great
+               const size_t reuse_threshold = 32;
+
+               return target_length >= length && (target_length < reuse_threshold || target_length - length < target_length / 2);
+       }
+
+       template <typename String, typename Header>
+       PUGI__FN bool strcpy_insitu(String& dest, Header& header, uintptr_t header_mask, const char_t* source, size_t source_length)
+       {
+               if (source_length == 0)
+               {
+                       // empty string and null pointer are equivalent, so just deallocate old memory
+                       xml_allocator* alloc = PUGI__GETPAGE_IMPL(header)->allocator;
+
+                       if (header & header_mask) alloc->deallocate_string(dest);
+
+                       // mark the string as not allocated
+                       dest = 0;
+                       header &= ~header_mask;
+
+                       return true;
+               }
+               else if (dest && strcpy_insitu_allow(source_length, header, header_mask, dest))
+               {
+                       // we can reuse old buffer, so just copy the new data (including zero terminator)
+                       memcpy(dest, source, source_length * sizeof(char_t));
+                       dest[source_length] = 0;
+
+                       return true;
+               }
+               else
+               {
+                       xml_allocator* alloc = PUGI__GETPAGE_IMPL(header)->allocator;
+
+                       if (!alloc->reserve()) return false;
+
+                       // allocate new buffer
+                       char_t* buf = alloc->allocate_string(source_length + 1);
+                       if (!buf) return false;
+
+                       // copy the string (including zero terminator)
+                       memcpy(buf, source, source_length * sizeof(char_t));
+                       buf[source_length] = 0;
+
+                       // deallocate old buffer (*after* the above to protect against overlapping memory and/or allocation failures)
+                       if (header & header_mask) alloc->deallocate_string(dest);
+
+                       // the string is now allocated, so set the flag
+                       dest = buf;
+                       header |= header_mask;
+
+                       return true;
+               }
+       }
+
+       struct gap
+       {
+               char_t* end;
+               size_t size;
+
+               gap(): end(0), size(0)
+               {
+               }
+
+               // Push new gap, move s count bytes further (skipping the gap).
+               // Collapse previous gap.
+               void push(char_t*& s, size_t count)
+               {
+                       if (end) // there was a gap already; collapse it
+                       {
+                               // Move [old_gap_end, new_gap_start) to [old_gap_start, ...)
+                               assert(s >= end);
+                               memmove(end - size, end, reinterpret_cast<char*>(s) - reinterpret_cast<char*>(end));
+                       }
+
+                       s += count; // end of current gap
+
+                       // "merge" two gaps
+                       end = s;
+                       size += count;
+               }
+
+               // Collapse all gaps, return past-the-end pointer
+               char_t* flush(char_t* s)
+               {
+                       if (end)
+                       {
+                               // Move [old_gap_end, current_pos) to [old_gap_start, ...)
+                               assert(s >= end);
+                               memmove(end - size, end, reinterpret_cast<char*>(s) - reinterpret_cast<char*>(end));
+
+                               return s - size;
+                       }
+                       else return s;
+               }
+       };
+
+       PUGI__FN char_t* strconv_escape(char_t* s, gap& g)
+       {
+               char_t* stre = s + 1;
+
+               switch (*stre)
+               {
+                       case '#':       // &#...
+                       {
+                               unsigned int ucsc = 0;
+
+                               if (stre[1] == 'x') // &#x... (hex code)
+                               {
+                                       stre += 2;
+
+                                       char_t ch = *stre;
+
+                                       if (ch == ';') return stre;
+
+                                       for (;;)
+                                       {
+                                               if (static_cast<unsigned int>(ch - '0') <= 9)
+                                                       ucsc = 16 * ucsc + (ch - '0');
+                                               else if (static_cast<unsigned int>((ch | ' ') - 'a') <= 5)
+                                                       ucsc = 16 * ucsc + ((ch | ' ') - 'a' + 10);
+                                               else if (ch == ';')
+                                                       break;
+                                               else // cancel
+                                                       return stre;
+
+                                               ch = *++stre;
+                                       }
+
+                                       ++stre;
+                               }
+                               else    // &#... (dec code)
+                               {
+                                       char_t ch = *++stre;
+
+                                       if (ch == ';') return stre;
+
+                                       for (;;)
+                                       {
+                                               if (static_cast<unsigned int>(ch - '0') <= 9)
+                                                       ucsc = 10 * ucsc + (ch - '0');
+                                               else if (ch == ';')
+                                                       break;
+                                               else // cancel
+                                                       return stre;
+
+                                               ch = *++stre;
+                                       }
+
+                                       ++stre;
+                               }
+
+                       #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+                               s = reinterpret_cast<char_t*>(wchar_writer::any(reinterpret_cast<wchar_writer::value_type>(s), ucsc));
+                       #else
+                               s = reinterpret_cast<char_t*>(utf8_writer::any(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(s), ucsc));
+                       #endif
+
+                               g.push(s, stre - s);
+                               return stre;
+                       }
+
+                       case 'a':       // &a
+                       {
+                               ++stre;
+
+                               if (*stre == 'm') // &am
+                               {
+                                       if (*++stre == 'p' && *++stre == ';') // &amp;
+                                       {
+                                               *s++ = '&';
+                                               ++stre;
+
+                                               g.push(s, stre - s);
+                                               return stre;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               else if (*stre == 'p') // &ap
+                               {
+                                       if (*++stre == 'o' && *++stre == 's' && *++stre == ';') // &apos;
+                                       {
+                                               *s++ = '\'';
+                                               ++stre;
+
+                                               g.push(s, stre - s);
+                                               return stre;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case 'g': // &g
+                       {
+                               if (*++stre == 't' && *++stre == ';') // &gt;
+                               {
+                                       *s++ = '>';
+                                       ++stre;
+
+                                       g.push(s, stre - s);
+                                       return stre;
+                               }
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case 'l': // &l
+                       {
+                               if (*++stre == 't' && *++stre == ';') // &lt;
+                               {
+                                       *s++ = '<';
+                                       ++stre;
+
+                                       g.push(s, stre - s);
+                                       return stre;
+                               }
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case 'q': // &q
+                       {
+                               if (*++stre == 'u' && *++stre == 'o' && *++stre == 't' && *++stre == ';') // &quot;
+                               {
+                                       *s++ = '"';
+                                       ++stre;
+
+                                       g.push(s, stre - s);
+                                       return stre;
+                               }
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       default:
+                               break;
+               }
+
+               return stre;
+       }
+
+       // Parser utilities
+       #define PUGI__ENDSWITH(c, e)        ((c) == (e) || ((c) == 0 && endch == (e)))
+       #define PUGI__SKIPWS()              { while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*s, ct_space)) ++s; }
+       #define PUGI__OPTSET(OPT)           ( optmsk & (OPT) )
+       #define PUGI__PUSHNODE(TYPE)        { cursor = append_new_node(cursor, *alloc, TYPE); if (!cursor) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_out_of_memory, s); }
+       #define PUGI__POPNODE()             { cursor = cursor->parent; }
+       #define PUGI__SCANFOR(X)            { while (*s != 0 && !(X)) ++s; }
+       #define PUGI__SCANWHILE(X)          { while (X) ++s; }
+       #define PUGI__SCANWHILE_UNROLL(X)   { for (;;) { char_t ss = s[0]; if (PUGI__UNLIKELY(!(X))) { break; } ss = s[1]; if (PUGI__UNLIKELY(!(X))) { s += 1; break; } ss = s[2]; if (PUGI__UNLIKELY(!(X))) { s += 2; break; } ss = s[3]; if (PUGI__UNLIKELY(!(X))) { s += 3; break; } s += 4; } }
+       #define PUGI__ENDSEG()              { ch = *s; *s = 0; ++s; }
+       #define PUGI__THROW_ERROR(err, m)   return error_offset = m, error_status = err, static_cast<char_t*>(0)
+       #define PUGI__CHECK_ERROR(err, m)   { if (*s == 0) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(err, m); }
+
+       PUGI__FN char_t* strconv_comment(char_t* s, char_t endch)
+       {
+               gap g;
+
+               while (true)
+               {
+                       PUGI__SCANWHILE_UNROLL(!PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(ss, ct_parse_comment));
+
+                       if (*s == '\r') // Either a single 0x0d or 0x0d 0x0a pair
+                       {
+                               *s++ = '\n'; // replace first one with 0x0a
+
+                               if (*s == '\n') g.push(s, 1);
+                       }
+                       else if (s[0] == '-' && s[1] == '-' && PUGI__ENDSWITH(s[2], '>')) // comment ends here
+                       {
+                               *g.flush(s) = 0;
+
+                               return s + (s[2] == '>' ? 3 : 2);
+                       }
+                       else if (*s == 0)
+                       {
+                               return 0;
+                       }
+                       else ++s;
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN char_t* strconv_cdata(char_t* s, char_t endch)
+       {
+               gap g;
+
+               while (true)
+               {
+                       PUGI__SCANWHILE_UNROLL(!PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(ss, ct_parse_cdata));
+
+                       if (*s == '\r') // Either a single 0x0d or 0x0d 0x0a pair
+                       {
+                               *s++ = '\n'; // replace first one with 0x0a
+
+                               if (*s == '\n') g.push(s, 1);
+                       }
+                       else if (s[0] == ']' && s[1] == ']' && PUGI__ENDSWITH(s[2], '>')) // CDATA ends here
+                       {
+                               *g.flush(s) = 0;
+
+                               return s + 1;
+                       }
+                       else if (*s == 0)
+                       {
+                               return 0;
+                       }
+                       else ++s;
+               }
+       }
+
+       typedef char_t* (*strconv_pcdata_t)(char_t*);
+
+       template <typename opt_trim, typename opt_eol, typename opt_escape> struct strconv_pcdata_impl
+       {
+               static char_t* parse(char_t* s)
+               {
+                       gap g;
+
+                       char_t* begin = s;
+
+                       while (true)
+                       {
+                               PUGI__SCANWHILE_UNROLL(!PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(ss, ct_parse_pcdata));
+
+                               if (*s == '<') // PCDATA ends here
+                               {
+                                       char_t* end = g.flush(s);
+
+                                       if (opt_trim::value)
+                                               while (end > begin && PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(end[-1], ct_space))
+                                                       --end;
+
+                                       *end = 0;
+
+                                       return s + 1;
+                               }
+                               else if (opt_eol::value && *s == '\r') // Either a single 0x0d or 0x0d 0x0a pair
+                               {
+                                       *s++ = '\n'; // replace first one with 0x0a
+
+                                       if (*s == '\n') g.push(s, 1);
+                               }
+                               else if (opt_escape::value && *s == '&')
+                               {
+                                       s = strconv_escape(s, g);
+                               }
+                               else if (*s == 0)
+                               {
+                                       char_t* end = g.flush(s);
+
+                                       if (opt_trim::value)
+                                               while (end > begin && PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(end[-1], ct_space))
+                                                       --end;
+
+                                       *end = 0;
+
+                                       return s;
+                               }
+                               else ++s;
+                       }
+               }
+       };
+
+       PUGI__FN strconv_pcdata_t get_strconv_pcdata(unsigned int optmask)
+       {
+               PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT(parse_escapes == 0x10 && parse_eol == 0x20 && parse_trim_pcdata == 0x0800);
+
+               switch (((optmask >> 4) & 3) | ((optmask >> 9) & 4)) // get bitmask for flags (trim eol escapes); this simultaneously checks 3 options from assertion above
+               {
+               case 0: return strconv_pcdata_impl<opt_false, opt_false, opt_false>::parse;
+               case 1: return strconv_pcdata_impl<opt_false, opt_false, opt_true>::parse;
+               case 2: return strconv_pcdata_impl<opt_false, opt_true, opt_false>::parse;
+               case 3: return strconv_pcdata_impl<opt_false, opt_true, opt_true>::parse;
+               case 4: return strconv_pcdata_impl<opt_true, opt_false, opt_false>::parse;
+               case 5: return strconv_pcdata_impl<opt_true, opt_false, opt_true>::parse;
+               case 6: return strconv_pcdata_impl<opt_true, opt_true, opt_false>::parse;
+               case 7: return strconv_pcdata_impl<opt_true, opt_true, opt_true>::parse;
+               default: assert(false); return 0; // unreachable
+               }
+       }
+
+       typedef char_t* (*strconv_attribute_t)(char_t*, char_t);
+
+       template <typename opt_escape> struct strconv_attribute_impl
+       {
+               static char_t* parse_wnorm(char_t* s, char_t end_quote)
+               {
+                       gap g;
+
+                       // trim leading whitespaces
+                       if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*s, ct_space))
+                       {
+                               char_t* str = s;
+
+                               do ++str;
+                               while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*str, ct_space));
+
+                               g.push(s, str - s);
+                       }
+
+                       while (true)
+                       {
+                               PUGI__SCANWHILE_UNROLL(!PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(ss, ct_parse_attr_ws | ct_space));
+
+                               if (*s == end_quote)
+                               {
+                                       char_t* str = g.flush(s);
+
+                                       do *str-- = 0;
+                                       while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*str, ct_space));
+
+                                       return s + 1;
+                               }
+                               else if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*s, ct_space))
+                               {
+                                       *s++ = ' ';
+
+                                       if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*s, ct_space))
+                                       {
+                                               char_t* str = s + 1;
+                                               while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*str, ct_space)) ++str;
+
+                                               g.push(s, str - s);
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               else if (opt_escape::value && *s == '&')
+                               {
+                                       s = strconv_escape(s, g);
+                               }
+                               else if (!*s)
+                               {
+                                       return 0;
+                               }
+                               else ++s;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               static char_t* parse_wconv(char_t* s, char_t end_quote)
+               {
+                       gap g;
+
+                       while (true)
+                       {
+                               PUGI__SCANWHILE_UNROLL(!PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(ss, ct_parse_attr_ws));
+
+                               if (*s == end_quote)
+                               {
+                                       *g.flush(s) = 0;
+
+                                       return s + 1;
+                               }
+                               else if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*s, ct_space))
+                               {
+                                       if (*s == '\r')
+                                       {
+                                               *s++ = ' ';
+
+                                               if (*s == '\n') g.push(s, 1);
+                                       }
+                                       else *s++ = ' ';
+                               }
+                               else if (opt_escape::value && *s == '&')
+                               {
+                                       s = strconv_escape(s, g);
+                               }
+                               else if (!*s)
+                               {
+                                       return 0;
+                               }
+                               else ++s;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               static char_t* parse_eol(char_t* s, char_t end_quote)
+               {
+                       gap g;
+
+                       while (true)
+                       {
+                               PUGI__SCANWHILE_UNROLL(!PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(ss, ct_parse_attr));
+
+                               if (*s == end_quote)
+                               {
+                                       *g.flush(s) = 0;
+
+                                       return s + 1;
+                               }
+                               else if (*s == '\r')
+                               {
+                                       *s++ = '\n';
+
+                                       if (*s == '\n') g.push(s, 1);
+                               }
+                               else if (opt_escape::value && *s == '&')
+                               {
+                                       s = strconv_escape(s, g);
+                               }
+                               else if (!*s)
+                               {
+                                       return 0;
+                               }
+                               else ++s;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               static char_t* parse_simple(char_t* s, char_t end_quote)
+               {
+                       gap g;
+
+                       while (true)
+                       {
+                               PUGI__SCANWHILE_UNROLL(!PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(ss, ct_parse_attr));
+
+                               if (*s == end_quote)
+                               {
+                                       *g.flush(s) = 0;
+
+                                       return s + 1;
+                               }
+                               else if (opt_escape::value && *s == '&')
+                               {
+                                       s = strconv_escape(s, g);
+                               }
+                               else if (!*s)
+                               {
+                                       return 0;
+                               }
+                               else ++s;
+                       }
+               }
+       };
+
+       PUGI__FN strconv_attribute_t get_strconv_attribute(unsigned int optmask)
+       {
+               PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT(parse_escapes == 0x10 && parse_eol == 0x20 && parse_wconv_attribute == 0x40 && parse_wnorm_attribute == 0x80);
+
+               switch ((optmask >> 4) & 15) // get bitmask for flags (wnorm wconv eol escapes); this simultaneously checks 4 options from assertion above
+               {
+               case 0:  return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_false>::parse_simple;
+               case 1:  return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_true>::parse_simple;
+               case 2:  return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_false>::parse_eol;
+               case 3:  return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_true>::parse_eol;
+               case 4:  return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_false>::parse_wconv;
+               case 5:  return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_true>::parse_wconv;
+               case 6:  return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_false>::parse_wconv;
+               case 7:  return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_true>::parse_wconv;
+               case 8:  return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_false>::parse_wnorm;
+               case 9:  return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_true>::parse_wnorm;
+               case 10: return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_false>::parse_wnorm;
+               case 11: return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_true>::parse_wnorm;
+               case 12: return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_false>::parse_wnorm;
+               case 13: return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_true>::parse_wnorm;
+               case 14: return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_false>::parse_wnorm;
+               case 15: return strconv_attribute_impl<opt_true>::parse_wnorm;
+               default: assert(false); return 0; // unreachable
+               }
+       }
+
+       inline xml_parse_result make_parse_result(xml_parse_status status, ptrdiff_t offset = 0)
+       {
+               xml_parse_result result;
+               result.status = status;
+               result.offset = offset;
+
+               return result;
+       }
+
+       struct xml_parser
+       {
+               xml_allocator* alloc;
+               char_t* error_offset;
+               xml_parse_status error_status;
+
+               xml_parser(xml_allocator* alloc_): alloc(alloc_), error_offset(0), error_status(status_ok)
+               {
+               }
+
+               // DOCTYPE consists of nested sections of the following possible types:
+               // <!-- ... -->, <? ... ?>, "...", '...'
+               // <![...]]>
+               // <!...>
+               // First group can not contain nested groups
+               // Second group can contain nested groups of the same type
+               // Third group can contain all other groups
+               char_t* parse_doctype_primitive(char_t* s)
+               {
+                       if (*s == '"' || *s == '\'')
+                       {
+                               // quoted string
+                               char_t ch = *s++;
+                               PUGI__SCANFOR(*s == ch);
+                               if (!*s) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_doctype, s);
+
+                               s++;
+                       }
+                       else if (s[0] == '<' && s[1] == '?')
+                       {
+                               // <? ... ?>
+                               s += 2;
+                               PUGI__SCANFOR(s[0] == '?' && s[1] == '>'); // no need for ENDSWITH because ?> can't terminate proper doctype
+                               if (!*s) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_doctype, s);
+
+                               s += 2;
+                       }
+                       else if (s[0] == '<' && s[1] == '!' && s[2] == '-' && s[3] == '-')
+                       {
+                               s += 4;
+                               PUGI__SCANFOR(s[0] == '-' && s[1] == '-' && s[2] == '>'); // no need for ENDSWITH because --> can't terminate proper doctype
+                               if (!*s) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_doctype, s);
+
+                               s += 3;
+                       }
+                       else PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_doctype, s);
+
+                       return s;
+               }
+
+               char_t* parse_doctype_ignore(char_t* s)
+               {
+                       size_t depth = 0;
+
+                       assert(s[0] == '<' && s[1] == '!' && s[2] == '[');
+                       s += 3;
+
+                       while (*s)
+                       {
+                               if (s[0] == '<' && s[1] == '!' && s[2] == '[')
+                               {
+                                       // nested ignore section
+                                       s += 3;
+                                       depth++;
+                               }
+                               else if (s[0] == ']' && s[1] == ']' && s[2] == '>')
+                               {
+                                       // ignore section end
+                                       s += 3;
+
+                                       if (depth == 0)
+                                               return s;
+
+                                       depth--;
+                               }
+                               else s++;
+                       }
+
+                       PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_doctype, s);
+               }
+
+               char_t* parse_doctype_group(char_t* s, char_t endch)
+               {
+                       size_t depth = 0;
+
+                       assert((s[0] == '<' || s[0] == 0) && s[1] == '!');
+                       s += 2;
+
+                       while (*s)
+                       {
+                               if (s[0] == '<' && s[1] == '!' && s[2] != '-')
+                               {
+                                       if (s[2] == '[')
+                                       {
+                                               // ignore
+                                               s = parse_doctype_ignore(s);
+                                               if (!s) return s;
+                                       }
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               // some control group
+                                               s += 2;
+                                               depth++;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               else if (s[0] == '<' || s[0] == '"' || s[0] == '\'')
+                               {
+                                       // unknown tag (forbidden), or some primitive group
+                                       s = parse_doctype_primitive(s);
+                                       if (!s) return s;
+                               }
+                               else if (*s == '>')
+                               {
+                                       if (depth == 0)
+                                               return s;
+
+                                       depth--;
+                                       s++;
+                               }
+                               else s++;
+                       }
+
+                       if (depth != 0 || endch != '>') PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_doctype, s);
+
+                       return s;
+               }
+
+               char_t* parse_exclamation(char_t* s, xml_node_struct* cursor, unsigned int optmsk, char_t endch)
+               {
+                       // parse node contents, starting with exclamation mark
+                       ++s;
+
+                       if (*s == '-') // '<!-...'
+                       {
+                               ++s;
+
+                               if (*s == '-') // '<!--...'
+                               {
+                                       ++s;
+
+                                       if (PUGI__OPTSET(parse_comments))
+                                       {
+                                               PUGI__PUSHNODE(node_comment); // Append a new node on the tree.
+                                               cursor->value = s; // Save the offset.
+                                       }
+
+                                       if (PUGI__OPTSET(parse_eol) && PUGI__OPTSET(parse_comments))
+                                       {
+                                               s = strconv_comment(s, endch);
+
+                                               if (!s) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_comment, cursor->value);
+                                       }
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               // Scan for terminating '-->'.
+                                               PUGI__SCANFOR(s[0] == '-' && s[1] == '-' && PUGI__ENDSWITH(s[2], '>'));
+                                               PUGI__CHECK_ERROR(status_bad_comment, s);
+
+                                               if (PUGI__OPTSET(parse_comments))
+                                                       *s = 0; // Zero-terminate this segment at the first terminating '-'.
+
+                                               s += (s[2] == '>' ? 3 : 2); // Step over the '\0->'.
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               else PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_comment, s);
+                       }
+                       else if (*s == '[')
+                       {
+                               // '<![CDATA[...'
+                               if (*++s=='C' && *++s=='D' && *++s=='A' && *++s=='T' && *++s=='A' && *++s == '[')
+                               {
+                                       ++s;
+
+                                       if (PUGI__OPTSET(parse_cdata))
+                                       {
+                                               PUGI__PUSHNODE(node_cdata); // Append a new node on the tree.
+                                               cursor->value = s; // Save the offset.
+
+                                               if (PUGI__OPTSET(parse_eol))
+                                               {
+                                                       s = strconv_cdata(s, endch);
+
+                                                       if (!s) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_cdata, cursor->value);
+                                               }
+                                               else
+                                               {
+                                                       // Scan for terminating ']]>'.
+                                                       PUGI__SCANFOR(s[0] == ']' && s[1] == ']' && PUGI__ENDSWITH(s[2], '>'));
+                                                       PUGI__CHECK_ERROR(status_bad_cdata, s);
+
+                                                       *s++ = 0; // Zero-terminate this segment.
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                                       else // Flagged for discard, but we still have to scan for the terminator.
+                                       {
+                                               // Scan for terminating ']]>'.
+                                               PUGI__SCANFOR(s[0] == ']' && s[1] == ']' && PUGI__ENDSWITH(s[2], '>'));
+                                               PUGI__CHECK_ERROR(status_bad_cdata, s);
+
+                                               ++s;
+                                       }
+
+                                       s += (s[1] == '>' ? 2 : 1); // Step over the last ']>'.
+                               }
+                               else PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_cdata, s);
+                       }
+                       else if (s[0] == 'D' && s[1] == 'O' && s[2] == 'C' && s[3] == 'T' && s[4] == 'Y' && s[5] == 'P' && PUGI__ENDSWITH(s[6], 'E'))
+                       {
+                               s -= 2;
+
+                               if (cursor->parent) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_doctype, s);
+
+                               char_t* mark = s + 9;
+
+                               s = parse_doctype_group(s, endch);
+                               if (!s) return s;
+
+                               assert((*s == 0 && endch == '>') || *s == '>');
+                               if (*s) *s++ = 0;
+
+                               if (PUGI__OPTSET(parse_doctype))
+                               {
+                                       while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*mark, ct_space)) ++mark;
+
+                                       PUGI__PUSHNODE(node_doctype);
+
+                                       cursor->value = mark;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       else if (*s == 0 && endch == '-') PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_comment, s);
+                       else if (*s == 0 && endch == '[') PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_cdata, s);
+                       else PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_unrecognized_tag, s);
+
+                       return s;
+               }
+
+               char_t* parse_question(char_t* s, xml_node_struct*& ref_cursor, unsigned int optmsk, char_t endch)
+               {
+                       // load into registers
+                       xml_node_struct* cursor = ref_cursor;
+                       char_t ch = 0;
+
+                       // parse node contents, starting with question mark
+                       ++s;
+
+                       // read PI target
+                       char_t* target = s;
+
+                       if (!PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*s, ct_start_symbol)) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_pi, s);
+
+                       PUGI__SCANWHILE(PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*s, ct_symbol));
+                       PUGI__CHECK_ERROR(status_bad_pi, s);
+
+                       // determine node type; stricmp / strcasecmp is not portable
+                       bool declaration = (target[0] | ' ') == 'x' && (target[1] | ' ') == 'm' && (target[2] | ' ') == 'l' && target + 3 == s;
+
+                       if (declaration ? PUGI__OPTSET(parse_declaration) : PUGI__OPTSET(parse_pi))
+                       {
+                               if (declaration)
+                               {
+                                       // disallow non top-level declarations
+                                       if (cursor->parent) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_pi, s);
+
+                                       PUGI__PUSHNODE(node_declaration);
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       PUGI__PUSHNODE(node_pi);
+                               }
+
+                               cursor->name = target;
+
+                               PUGI__ENDSEG();
+
+                               // parse value/attributes
+                               if (ch == '?')
+                               {
+                                       // empty node
+                                       if (!PUGI__ENDSWITH(*s, '>')) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_pi, s);
+                                       s += (*s == '>');
+
+                                       PUGI__POPNODE();
+                               }
+                               else if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(ch, ct_space))
+                               {
+                                       PUGI__SKIPWS();
+
+                                       // scan for tag end
+                                       char_t* value = s;
+
+                                       PUGI__SCANFOR(s[0] == '?' && PUGI__ENDSWITH(s[1], '>'));
+                                       PUGI__CHECK_ERROR(status_bad_pi, s);
+
+                                       if (declaration)
+                                       {
+                                               // replace ending ? with / so that 'element' terminates properly
+                                               *s = '/';
+
+                                               // we exit from this function with cursor at node_declaration, which is a signal to parse() to go to LOC_ATTRIBUTES
+                                               s = value;
+                                       }
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               // store value and step over >
+                                               cursor->value = value;
+
+                                               PUGI__POPNODE();
+
+                                               PUGI__ENDSEG();
+
+                                               s += (*s == '>');
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               else PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_pi, s);
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               // scan for tag end
+                               PUGI__SCANFOR(s[0] == '?' && PUGI__ENDSWITH(s[1], '>'));
+                               PUGI__CHECK_ERROR(status_bad_pi, s);
+
+                               s += (s[1] == '>' ? 2 : 1);
+                       }
+
+                       // store from registers
+                       ref_cursor = cursor;
+
+                       return s;
+               }
+
+               char_t* parse_tree(char_t* s, xml_node_struct* root, unsigned int optmsk, char_t endch)
+               {
+                       strconv_attribute_t strconv_attribute = get_strconv_attribute(optmsk);
+                       strconv_pcdata_t strconv_pcdata = get_strconv_pcdata(optmsk);
+
+                       char_t ch = 0;
+                       xml_node_struct* cursor = root;
+                       char_t* mark = s;
+
+                       while (*s != 0)
+                       {
+                               if (*s == '<')
+                               {
+                                       ++s;
+
+                               LOC_TAG:
+                                       if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*s, ct_start_symbol)) // '<#...'
+                                       {
+                                               PUGI__PUSHNODE(node_element); // Append a new node to the tree.
+
+                                               cursor->name = s;
+
+                                               PUGI__SCANWHILE_UNROLL(PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(ss, ct_symbol)); // Scan for a terminator.
+                                               PUGI__ENDSEG(); // Save char in 'ch', terminate & step over.
+
+                                               if (ch == '>')
+                                               {
+                                                       // end of tag
+                                               }
+                                               else if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(ch, ct_space))
+                                               {
+                                               LOC_ATTRIBUTES:
+                                                       while (true)
+                                                       {
+                                                               PUGI__SKIPWS(); // Eat any whitespace.
+
+                                                               if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*s, ct_start_symbol)) // <... #...
+                                                               {
+                                                                       xml_attribute_struct* a = append_new_attribute(cursor, *alloc); // Make space for this attribute.
+                                                                       if (!a) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_out_of_memory, s);
+
+                                                                       a->name = s; // Save the offset.
+
+                                                                       PUGI__SCANWHILE_UNROLL(PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(ss, ct_symbol)); // Scan for a terminator.
+                                                                       PUGI__ENDSEG(); // Save char in 'ch', terminate & step over.
+
+                                                                       if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(ch, ct_space))
+                                                                       {
+                                                                               PUGI__SKIPWS(); // Eat any whitespace.
+
+                                                                               ch = *s;
+                                                                               ++s;
+                                                                       }
+
+                                                                       if (ch == '=') // '<... #=...'
+                                                                       {
+                                                                               PUGI__SKIPWS(); // Eat any whitespace.
+
+                                                                               if (*s == '"' || *s == '\'') // '<... #="...'
+                                                                               {
+                                                                                       ch = *s; // Save quote char to avoid breaking on "''" -or- '""'.
+                                                                                       ++s; // Step over the quote.
+                                                                                       a->value = s; // Save the offset.
+
+                                                                                       s = strconv_attribute(s, ch);
+
+                                                                                       if (!s) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_attribute, a->value);
+
+                                                                                       // After this line the loop continues from the start;
+                                                                                       // Whitespaces, / and > are ok, symbols and EOF are wrong,
+                                                                                       // everything else will be detected
+                                                                                       if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*s, ct_start_symbol)) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_attribute, s);
+                                                                               }
+                                                                               else PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_attribute, s);
+                                                                       }
+                                                                       else PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_attribute, s);
+                                                               }
+                                                               else if (*s == '/')
+                                                               {
+                                                                       ++s;
+
+                                                                       if (*s == '>')
+                                                                       {
+                                                                               PUGI__POPNODE();
+                                                                               s++;
+                                                                               break;
+                                                                       }
+                                                                       else if (*s == 0 && endch == '>')
+                                                                       {
+                                                                               PUGI__POPNODE();
+                                                                               break;
+                                                                       }
+                                                                       else PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_start_element, s);
+                                                               }
+                                                               else if (*s == '>')
+                                                               {
+                                                                       ++s;
+
+                                                                       break;
+                                                               }
+                                                               else if (*s == 0 && endch == '>')
+                                                               {
+                                                                       break;
+                                                               }
+                                                               else PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_start_element, s);
+                                                       }
+
+                                                       // !!!
+                                               }
+                                               else if (ch == '/') // '<#.../'
+                                               {
+                                                       if (!PUGI__ENDSWITH(*s, '>')) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_start_element, s);
+
+                                                       PUGI__POPNODE(); // Pop.
+
+                                                       s += (*s == '>');
+                                               }
+                                               else if (ch == 0)
+                                               {
+                                                       // we stepped over null terminator, backtrack & handle closing tag
+                                                       --s;
+
+                                                       if (endch != '>') PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_start_element, s);
+                                               }
+                                               else PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_start_element, s);
+                                       }
+                                       else if (*s == '/')
+                                       {
+                                               ++s;
+
+                                               mark = s;
+
+                                               char_t* name = cursor->name;
+                                               if (!name) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_end_element_mismatch, mark);
+
+                                               while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*s, ct_symbol))
+                                               {
+                                                       if (*s++ != *name++) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_end_element_mismatch, mark);
+                                               }
+
+                                               if (*name)
+                                               {
+                                                       if (*s == 0 && name[0] == endch && name[1] == 0) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_end_element, s);
+                                                       else PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_end_element_mismatch, mark);
+                                               }
+
+                                               PUGI__POPNODE(); // Pop.
+
+                                               PUGI__SKIPWS();
+
+                                               if (*s == 0)
+                                               {
+                                                       if (endch != '>') PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_end_element, s);
+                                               }
+                                               else
+                                               {
+                                                       if (*s != '>') PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_end_element, s);
+                                                       ++s;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                                       else if (*s == '?') // '<?...'
+                                       {
+                                               s = parse_question(s, cursor, optmsk, endch);
+                                               if (!s) return s;
+
+                                               assert(cursor);
+                                               if (PUGI__NODETYPE(cursor) == node_declaration) goto LOC_ATTRIBUTES;
+                                       }
+                                       else if (*s == '!') // '<!...'
+                                       {
+                                               s = parse_exclamation(s, cursor, optmsk, endch);
+                                               if (!s) return s;
+                                       }
+                                       else if (*s == 0 && endch == '?') PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_bad_pi, s);
+                                       else PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_unrecognized_tag, s);
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       mark = s; // Save this offset while searching for a terminator.
+
+                                       PUGI__SKIPWS(); // Eat whitespace if no genuine PCDATA here.
+
+                                       if (*s == '<' || !*s)
+                                       {
+                                               // We skipped some whitespace characters because otherwise we would take the tag branch instead of PCDATA one
+                                               assert(mark != s);
+
+                                               if (!PUGI__OPTSET(parse_ws_pcdata | parse_ws_pcdata_single) || PUGI__OPTSET(parse_trim_pcdata))
+                                               {
+                                                       continue;
+                                               }
+                                               else if (PUGI__OPTSET(parse_ws_pcdata_single))
+                                               {
+                                                       if (s[0] != '<' || s[1] != '/' || cursor->first_child) continue;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+
+                                       if (!PUGI__OPTSET(parse_trim_pcdata))
+                                               s = mark;
+
+                                       if (cursor->parent || PUGI__OPTSET(parse_fragment))
+                                       {
+                                               if (PUGI__OPTSET(parse_embed_pcdata) && cursor->parent && !cursor->first_child && !cursor->value)
+                                               {
+                                                       cursor->value = s; // Save the offset.
+                                               }
+                                               else
+                                               {
+                                                       PUGI__PUSHNODE(node_pcdata); // Append a new node on the tree.
+
+                                                       cursor->value = s; // Save the offset.
+
+                                                       PUGI__POPNODE(); // Pop since this is a standalone.
+                                               }
+
+                                               s = strconv_pcdata(s);
+
+                                               if (!*s) break;
+                                       }
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               PUGI__SCANFOR(*s == '<'); // '...<'
+                                               if (!*s) break;
+
+                                               ++s;
+                                       }
+
+                                       // We're after '<'
+                                       goto LOC_TAG;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       // check that last tag is closed
+                       if (cursor != root) PUGI__THROW_ERROR(status_end_element_mismatch, s);
+
+                       return s;
+               }
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+               static char_t* parse_skip_bom(char_t* s)
+               {
+                       unsigned int bom = 0xfeff;
+                       return (s[0] == static_cast<wchar_t>(bom)) ? s + 1 : s;
+               }
+       #else
+               static char_t* parse_skip_bom(char_t* s)
+               {
+                       return (s[0] == '\xef' && s[1] == '\xbb' && s[2] == '\xbf') ? s + 3 : s;
+               }
+       #endif
+
+               static bool has_element_node_siblings(xml_node_struct* node)
+               {
+                       while (node)
+                       {
+                               if (PUGI__NODETYPE(node) == node_element) return true;
+
+                               node = node->next_sibling;
+                       }
+
+                       return false;
+               }
+
+               static xml_parse_result parse(char_t* buffer, size_t length, xml_document_struct* xmldoc, xml_node_struct* root, unsigned int optmsk)
+               {
+                       // early-out for empty documents
+                       if (length == 0)
+                               return make_parse_result(PUGI__OPTSET(parse_fragment) ? status_ok : status_no_document_element);
+
+                       // get last child of the root before parsing
+                       xml_node_struct* last_root_child = root->first_child ? root->first_child->prev_sibling_c + 0 : 0;
+
+                       // create parser on stack
+                       xml_parser parser(static_cast<xml_allocator*>(xmldoc));
+
+                       // save last character and make buffer zero-terminated (speeds up parsing)
+                       char_t endch = buffer[length - 1];
+                       buffer[length - 1] = 0;
+
+                       // skip BOM to make sure it does not end up as part of parse output
+                       char_t* buffer_data = parse_skip_bom(buffer);
+
+                       // perform actual parsing
+                       parser.parse_tree(buffer_data, root, optmsk, endch);
+
+                       xml_parse_result result = make_parse_result(parser.error_status, parser.error_offset ? parser.error_offset - buffer : 0);
+                       assert(result.offset >= 0 && static_cast<size_t>(result.offset) <= length);
+
+                       if (result)
+                       {
+                               // since we removed last character, we have to handle the only possible false positive (stray <)
+                               if (endch == '<')
+                                       return make_parse_result(status_unrecognized_tag, length - 1);
+
+                               // check if there are any element nodes parsed
+                               xml_node_struct* first_root_child_parsed = last_root_child ? last_root_child->next_sibling + 0 : root->first_child+ 0;
+
+                               if (!PUGI__OPTSET(parse_fragment) && !has_element_node_siblings(first_root_child_parsed))
+                                       return make_parse_result(status_no_document_element, length - 1);
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               // roll back offset if it occurs on a null terminator in the source buffer
+                               if (result.offset > 0 && static_cast<size_t>(result.offset) == length - 1 && endch == 0)
+                                       result.offset--;
+                       }
+
+                       return result;
+               }
+       };
+
+       // Output facilities
+       PUGI__FN xml_encoding get_write_native_encoding()
+       {
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+               return get_wchar_encoding();
+       #else
+               return encoding_utf8;
+       #endif
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_encoding get_write_encoding(xml_encoding encoding)
+       {
+               // replace wchar encoding with utf implementation
+               if (encoding == encoding_wchar) return get_wchar_encoding();
+
+               // replace utf16 encoding with utf16 with specific endianness
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf16) return is_little_endian() ? encoding_utf16_le : encoding_utf16_be;
+
+               // replace utf32 encoding with utf32 with specific endianness
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf32) return is_little_endian() ? encoding_utf32_le : encoding_utf32_be;
+
+               // only do autodetection if no explicit encoding is requested
+               if (encoding != encoding_auto) return encoding;
+
+               // assume utf8 encoding
+               return encoding_utf8;
+       }
+
+       template <typename D, typename T> PUGI__FN size_t convert_buffer_output_generic(typename T::value_type dest, const char_t* data, size_t length, D, T)
+       {
+               PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(char_t) == sizeof(typename D::type));
+
+               typename T::value_type end = D::process(reinterpret_cast<const typename D::type*>(data), length, dest, T());
+
+               return static_cast<size_t>(end - dest) * sizeof(*dest);
+       }
+
+       template <typename D, typename T> PUGI__FN size_t convert_buffer_output_generic(typename T::value_type dest, const char_t* data, size_t length, D, T, bool opt_swap)
+       {
+               PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(char_t) == sizeof(typename D::type));
+
+               typename T::value_type end = D::process(reinterpret_cast<const typename D::type*>(data), length, dest, T());
+
+               if (opt_swap)
+               {
+                       for (typename T::value_type i = dest; i != end; ++i)
+                               *i = endian_swap(*i);
+               }
+
+               return static_cast<size_t>(end - dest) * sizeof(*dest);
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+       PUGI__FN size_t get_valid_length(const char_t* data, size_t length)
+       {
+               if (length < 1) return 0;
+
+               // discard last character if it's the lead of a surrogate pair
+               return (sizeof(wchar_t) == 2 && static_cast<unsigned int>(static_cast<uint16_t>(data[length - 1]) - 0xD800) < 0x400) ? length - 1 : length;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN size_t convert_buffer_output(char_t* r_char, uint8_t* r_u8, uint16_t* r_u16, uint32_t* r_u32, const char_t* data, size_t length, xml_encoding encoding)
+       {
+               // only endian-swapping is required
+               if (need_endian_swap_utf(encoding, get_wchar_encoding()))
+               {
+                       convert_wchar_endian_swap(r_char, data, length);
+
+                       return length * sizeof(char_t);
+               }
+
+               // convert to utf8
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf8)
+                       return convert_buffer_output_generic(r_u8, data, length, wchar_decoder(), utf8_writer());
+
+               // convert to utf16
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf16_be || encoding == encoding_utf16_le)
+               {
+                       xml_encoding native_encoding = is_little_endian() ? encoding_utf16_le : encoding_utf16_be;
+
+                       return convert_buffer_output_generic(r_u16, data, length, wchar_decoder(), utf16_writer(), native_encoding != encoding);
+               }
+
+               // convert to utf32
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf32_be || encoding == encoding_utf32_le)
+               {
+                       xml_encoding native_encoding = is_little_endian() ? encoding_utf32_le : encoding_utf32_be;
+
+                       return convert_buffer_output_generic(r_u32, data, length, wchar_decoder(), utf32_writer(), native_encoding != encoding);
+               }
+
+               // convert to latin1
+               if (encoding == encoding_latin1)
+                       return convert_buffer_output_generic(r_u8, data, length, wchar_decoder(), latin1_writer());
+
+               assert(false && "Invalid encoding"); // unreachable
+               return 0;
+       }
+#else
+       PUGI__FN size_t get_valid_length(const char_t* data, size_t length)
+       {
+               if (length < 5) return 0;
+
+               for (size_t i = 1; i <= 4; ++i)
+               {
+                       uint8_t ch = static_cast<uint8_t>(data[length - i]);
+
+                       // either a standalone character or a leading one
+                       if ((ch & 0xc0) != 0x80) return length - i;
+               }
+
+               // there are four non-leading characters at the end, sequence tail is broken so might as well process the whole chunk
+               return length;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN size_t convert_buffer_output(char_t* /* r_char */, uint8_t* r_u8, uint16_t* r_u16, uint32_t* r_u32, const char_t* data, size_t length, xml_encoding encoding)
+       {
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf16_be || encoding == encoding_utf16_le)
+               {
+                       xml_encoding native_encoding = is_little_endian() ? encoding_utf16_le : encoding_utf16_be;
+
+                       return convert_buffer_output_generic(r_u16, data, length, utf8_decoder(), utf16_writer(), native_encoding != encoding);
+               }
+
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf32_be || encoding == encoding_utf32_le)
+               {
+                       xml_encoding native_encoding = is_little_endian() ? encoding_utf32_le : encoding_utf32_be;
+
+                       return convert_buffer_output_generic(r_u32, data, length, utf8_decoder(), utf32_writer(), native_encoding != encoding);
+               }
+
+               if (encoding == encoding_latin1)
+                       return convert_buffer_output_generic(r_u8, data, length, utf8_decoder(), latin1_writer());
+
+               assert(false && "Invalid encoding"); // unreachable
+               return 0;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       class xml_buffered_writer
+       {
+               xml_buffered_writer(const xml_buffered_writer&);
+               xml_buffered_writer& operator=(const xml_buffered_writer&);
+
+       public:
+               xml_buffered_writer(xml_writer& writer_, xml_encoding user_encoding): writer(writer_), bufsize(0), encoding(get_write_encoding(user_encoding))
+               {
+                       PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT(bufcapacity >= 8);
+               }
+
+               size_t flush()
+               {
+                       flush(buffer, bufsize);
+                       bufsize = 0;
+                       return 0;
+               }
+
+               void flush(const char_t* data, size_t size)
+               {
+                       if (size == 0) return;
+
+                       // fast path, just write data
+                       if (encoding == get_write_native_encoding())
+                               writer.write(data, size * sizeof(char_t));
+                       else
+                       {
+                               // convert chunk
+                               size_t result = convert_buffer_output(scratch.data_char, scratch.data_u8, scratch.data_u16, scratch.data_u32, data, size, encoding);
+                               assert(result <= sizeof(scratch));
+
+                               // write data
+                               writer.write(scratch.data_u8, result);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               void write_direct(const char_t* data, size_t length)
+               {
+                       // flush the remaining buffer contents
+                       flush();
+
+                       // handle large chunks
+                       if (length > bufcapacity)
+                       {
+                               if (encoding == get_write_native_encoding())
+                               {
+                                       // fast path, can just write data chunk
+                                       writer.write(data, length * sizeof(char_t));
+                                       return;
+                               }
+
+                               // need to convert in suitable chunks
+                               while (length > bufcapacity)
+                               {
+                                       // get chunk size by selecting such number of characters that are guaranteed to fit into scratch buffer
+                                       // and form a complete codepoint sequence (i.e. discard start of last codepoint if necessary)
+                                       size_t chunk_size = get_valid_length(data, bufcapacity);
+                                       assert(chunk_size);
+
+                                       // convert chunk and write
+                                       flush(data, chunk_size);
+
+                                       // iterate
+                                       data += chunk_size;
+                                       length -= chunk_size;
+                               }
+
+                               // small tail is copied below
+                               bufsize = 0;
+                       }
+
+                       memcpy(buffer + bufsize, data, length * sizeof(char_t));
+                       bufsize += length;
+               }
+
+               void write_buffer(const char_t* data, size_t length)
+               {
+                       size_t offset = bufsize;
+
+                       if (offset + length <= bufcapacity)
+                       {
+                               memcpy(buffer + offset, data, length * sizeof(char_t));
+                               bufsize = offset + length;
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               write_direct(data, length);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               void write_string(const char_t* data)
+               {
+                       // write the part of the string that fits in the buffer
+                       size_t offset = bufsize;
+
+                       while (*data && offset < bufcapacity)
+                               buffer[offset++] = *data++;
+
+                       // write the rest
+                       if (offset < bufcapacity)
+                       {
+                               bufsize = offset;
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               // backtrack a bit if we have split the codepoint
+                               size_t length = offset - bufsize;
+                               size_t extra = length - get_valid_length(data - length, length);
+
+                               bufsize = offset - extra;
+
+                               write_direct(data - extra, strlength(data) + extra);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               void write(char_t d0)
+               {
+                       size_t offset = bufsize;
+                       if (offset > bufcapacity - 1) offset = flush();
+
+                       buffer[offset + 0] = d0;
+                       bufsize = offset + 1;
+               }
+
+               void write(char_t d0, char_t d1)
+               {
+                       size_t offset = bufsize;
+                       if (offset > bufcapacity - 2) offset = flush();
+
+                       buffer[offset + 0] = d0;
+                       buffer[offset + 1] = d1;
+                       bufsize = offset + 2;
+               }
+
+               void write(char_t d0, char_t d1, char_t d2)
+               {
+                       size_t offset = bufsize;
+                       if (offset > bufcapacity - 3) offset = flush();
+
+                       buffer[offset + 0] = d0;
+                       buffer[offset + 1] = d1;
+                       buffer[offset + 2] = d2;
+                       bufsize = offset + 3;
+               }
+
+               void write(char_t d0, char_t d1, char_t d2, char_t d3)
+               {
+                       size_t offset = bufsize;
+                       if (offset > bufcapacity - 4) offset = flush();
+
+                       buffer[offset + 0] = d0;
+                       buffer[offset + 1] = d1;
+                       buffer[offset + 2] = d2;
+                       buffer[offset + 3] = d3;
+                       bufsize = offset + 4;
+               }
+
+               void write(char_t d0, char_t d1, char_t d2, char_t d3, char_t d4)
+               {
+                       size_t offset = bufsize;
+                       if (offset > bufcapacity - 5) offset = flush();
+
+                       buffer[offset + 0] = d0;
+                       buffer[offset + 1] = d1;
+                       buffer[offset + 2] = d2;
+                       buffer[offset + 3] = d3;
+                       buffer[offset + 4] = d4;
+                       bufsize = offset + 5;
+               }
+
+               void write(char_t d0, char_t d1, char_t d2, char_t d3, char_t d4, char_t d5)
+               {
+                       size_t offset = bufsize;
+                       if (offset > bufcapacity - 6) offset = flush();
+
+                       buffer[offset + 0] = d0;
+                       buffer[offset + 1] = d1;
+                       buffer[offset + 2] = d2;
+                       buffer[offset + 3] = d3;
+                       buffer[offset + 4] = d4;
+                       buffer[offset + 5] = d5;
+                       bufsize = offset + 6;
+               }
+
+               // utf8 maximum expansion: x4 (-> utf32)
+               // utf16 maximum expansion: x2 (-> utf32)
+               // utf32 maximum expansion: x1
+               enum
+               {
+                       bufcapacitybytes =
+                       #ifdef PUGIXML_MEMORY_OUTPUT_STACK
+                               PUGIXML_MEMORY_OUTPUT_STACK
+                       #else
+                               10240
+                       #endif
+                       ,
+                       bufcapacity = bufcapacitybytes / (sizeof(char_t) + 4)
+               };
+
+               char_t buffer[bufcapacity];
+
+               union
+               {
+                       uint8_t data_u8[4 * bufcapacity];
+                       uint16_t data_u16[2 * bufcapacity];
+                       uint32_t data_u32[bufcapacity];
+                       char_t data_char[bufcapacity];
+               } scratch;
+
+               xml_writer& writer;
+               size_t bufsize;
+               xml_encoding encoding;
+       };
+
+       PUGI__FN void text_output_escaped(xml_buffered_writer& writer, const char_t* s, chartypex_t type)
+       {
+               while (*s)
+               {
+                       const char_t* prev = s;
+
+                       // While *s is a usual symbol
+                       PUGI__SCANWHILE_UNROLL(!PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(ss, type));
+
+                       writer.write_buffer(prev, static_cast<size_t>(s - prev));
+
+                       switch (*s)
+                       {
+                               case 0: break;
+                               case '&':
+                                       writer.write('&', 'a', 'm', 'p', ';');
+                                       ++s;
+                                       break;
+                               case '<':
+                                       writer.write('&', 'l', 't', ';');
+                                       ++s;
+                                       break;
+                               case '>':
+                                       writer.write('&', 'g', 't', ';');
+                                       ++s;
+                                       break;
+                               case '"':
+                                       writer.write('&', 'q', 'u', 'o', 't', ';');
+                                       ++s;
+                                       break;
+                               default: // s is not a usual symbol
+                               {
+                                       unsigned int ch = static_cast<unsigned int>(*s++);
+                                       assert(ch < 32);
+
+                                       writer.write('&', '#', static_cast<char_t>((ch / 10) + '0'), static_cast<char_t>((ch % 10) + '0'), ';');
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void text_output(xml_buffered_writer& writer, const char_t* s, chartypex_t type, unsigned int flags)
+       {
+               if (flags & format_no_escapes)
+                       writer.write_string(s);
+               else
+                       text_output_escaped(writer, s, type);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void text_output_cdata(xml_buffered_writer& writer, const char_t* s)
+       {
+               do
+               {
+                       writer.write('<', '!', '[', 'C', 'D');
+                       writer.write('A', 'T', 'A', '[');
+
+                       const char_t* prev = s;
+
+                       // look for ]]> sequence - we can't output it as is since it terminates CDATA
+                       while (*s && !(s[0] == ']' && s[1] == ']' && s[2] == '>')) ++s;
+
+                       // skip ]] if we stopped at ]]>, > will go to the next CDATA section
+                       if (*s) s += 2;
+
+                       writer.write_buffer(prev, static_cast<size_t>(s - prev));
+
+                       writer.write(']', ']', '>');
+               }
+               while (*s);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void text_output_indent(xml_buffered_writer& writer, const char_t* indent, size_t indent_length, unsigned int depth)
+       {
+               switch (indent_length)
+               {
+               case 1:
+               {
+                       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < depth; ++i)
+                               writer.write(indent[0]);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case 2:
+               {
+                       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < depth; ++i)
+                               writer.write(indent[0], indent[1]);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case 3:
+               {
+                       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < depth; ++i)
+                               writer.write(indent[0], indent[1], indent[2]);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case 4:
+               {
+                       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < depth; ++i)
+                               writer.write(indent[0], indent[1], indent[2], indent[3]);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               default:
+               {
+                       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < depth; ++i)
+                               writer.write_buffer(indent, indent_length);
+               }
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void node_output_comment(xml_buffered_writer& writer, const char_t* s)
+       {
+               writer.write('<', '!', '-', '-');
+
+               while (*s)
+               {
+                       const char_t* prev = s;
+
+                       // look for -\0 or -- sequence - we can't output it since -- is illegal in comment body
+                       while (*s && !(s[0] == '-' && (s[1] == '-' || s[1] == 0))) ++s;
+
+                       writer.write_buffer(prev, static_cast<size_t>(s - prev));
+
+                       if (*s)
+                       {
+                               assert(*s == '-');
+
+                               writer.write('-', ' ');
+                               ++s;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               writer.write('-', '-', '>');
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void node_output_pi_value(xml_buffered_writer& writer, const char_t* s)
+       {
+               while (*s)
+               {
+                       const char_t* prev = s;
+
+                       // look for ?> sequence - we can't output it since ?> terminates PI
+                       while (*s && !(s[0] == '?' && s[1] == '>')) ++s;
+
+                       writer.write_buffer(prev, static_cast<size_t>(s - prev));
+
+                       if (*s)
+                       {
+                               assert(s[0] == '?' && s[1] == '>');
+
+                               writer.write('?', ' ', '>');
+                               s += 2;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void node_output_attributes(xml_buffered_writer& writer, xml_node_struct* node, const char_t* indent, size_t indent_length, unsigned int flags, unsigned int depth)
+       {
+               const char_t* default_name = PUGIXML_TEXT(":anonymous");
+
+               for (xml_attribute_struct* a = node->first_attribute; a; a = a->next_attribute)
+               {
+                       if ((flags & (format_indent_attributes | format_raw)) == format_indent_attributes)
+                       {
+                               writer.write('\n');
+
+                               text_output_indent(writer, indent, indent_length, depth + 1);
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               writer.write(' ');
+                       }
+
+                       writer.write_string(a->name ? a->name + 0 : default_name);
+                       writer.write('=', '"');
+
+                       if (a->value)
+                               text_output(writer, a->value, ctx_special_attr, flags);
+
+                       writer.write('"');
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool node_output_start(xml_buffered_writer& writer, xml_node_struct* node, const char_t* indent, size_t indent_length, unsigned int flags, unsigned int depth)
+       {
+               const char_t* default_name = PUGIXML_TEXT(":anonymous");
+               const char_t* name = node->name ? node->name + 0 : default_name;
+
+               writer.write('<');
+               writer.write_string(name);
+
+               if (node->first_attribute)
+                       node_output_attributes(writer, node, indent, indent_length, flags, depth);
+
+               // element nodes can have value if parse_embed_pcdata was used
+               if (!node->value)
+               {
+                       if (!node->first_child)
+                       {
+                               if (flags & format_no_empty_element_tags)
+                               {
+                                       writer.write('>', '<', '/');
+                                       writer.write_string(name);
+                                       writer.write('>');
+
+                                       return false;
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       if ((flags & format_raw) == 0)
+                                               writer.write(' ');
+
+                                       writer.write('/', '>');
+
+                                       return false;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               writer.write('>');
+
+                               return true;
+                       }
+               }
+               else
+               {
+                       writer.write('>');
+
+                       text_output(writer, node->value, ctx_special_pcdata, flags);
+
+                       if (!node->first_child)
+                       {
+                               writer.write('<', '/');
+                               writer.write_string(name);
+                               writer.write('>');
+
+                               return false;
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               return true;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void node_output_end(xml_buffered_writer& writer, xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               const char_t* default_name = PUGIXML_TEXT(":anonymous");
+               const char_t* name = node->name ? node->name + 0 : default_name;
+
+               writer.write('<', '/');
+               writer.write_string(name);
+               writer.write('>');
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void node_output_simple(xml_buffered_writer& writer, xml_node_struct* node, unsigned int flags)
+       {
+               const char_t* default_name = PUGIXML_TEXT(":anonymous");
+
+               switch (PUGI__NODETYPE(node))
+               {
+                       case node_pcdata:
+                               text_output(writer, node->value ? node->value + 0 : PUGIXML_TEXT(""), ctx_special_pcdata, flags);
+                               break;
+
+                       case node_cdata:
+                               text_output_cdata(writer, node->value ? node->value + 0 : PUGIXML_TEXT(""));
+                               break;
+
+                       case node_comment:
+                               node_output_comment(writer, node->value ? node->value + 0 : PUGIXML_TEXT(""));
+                               break;
+
+                       case node_pi:
+                               writer.write('<', '?');
+                               writer.write_string(node->name ? node->name + 0 : default_name);
+
+                               if (node->value)
+                               {
+                                       writer.write(' ');
+                                       node_output_pi_value(writer, node->value);
+                               }
+
+                               writer.write('?', '>');
+                               break;
+
+                       case node_declaration:
+                               writer.write('<', '?');
+                               writer.write_string(node->name ? node->name + 0 : default_name);
+                               node_output_attributes(writer, node, PUGIXML_TEXT(""), 0, flags | format_raw, 0);
+                               writer.write('?', '>');
+                               break;
+
+                       case node_doctype:
+                               writer.write('<', '!', 'D', 'O', 'C');
+                               writer.write('T', 'Y', 'P', 'E');
+
+                               if (node->value)
+                               {
+                                       writer.write(' ');
+                                       writer.write_string(node->value);
+                               }
+
+                               writer.write('>');
+                               break;
+
+                       default:
+                               assert(false && "Invalid node type"); // unreachable
+               }
+       }
+
+       enum indent_flags_t
+       {
+               indent_newline = 1,
+               indent_indent = 2
+       };
+
+       PUGI__FN void node_output(xml_buffered_writer& writer, xml_node_struct* root, const char_t* indent, unsigned int flags, unsigned int depth)
+       {
+               size_t indent_length = ((flags & (format_indent | format_indent_attributes)) && (flags & format_raw) == 0) ? strlength(indent) : 0;
+               unsigned int indent_flags = indent_indent;
+
+               xml_node_struct* node = root;
+
+               do
+               {
+                       assert(node);
+
+                       // begin writing current node
+                       if (PUGI__NODETYPE(node) == node_pcdata || PUGI__NODETYPE(node) == node_cdata)
+                       {
+                               node_output_simple(writer, node, flags);
+
+                               indent_flags = 0;
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               if ((indent_flags & indent_newline) && (flags & format_raw) == 0)
+                                       writer.write('\n');
+
+                               if ((indent_flags & indent_indent) && indent_length)
+                                       text_output_indent(writer, indent, indent_length, depth);
+
+                               if (PUGI__NODETYPE(node) == node_element)
+                               {
+                                       indent_flags = indent_newline | indent_indent;
+
+                                       if (node_output_start(writer, node, indent, indent_length, flags, depth))
+                                       {
+                                               // element nodes can have value if parse_embed_pcdata was used
+                                               if (node->value)
+                                                       indent_flags = 0;
+
+                                               node = node->first_child;
+                                               depth++;
+                                               continue;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               else if (PUGI__NODETYPE(node) == node_document)
+                               {
+                                       indent_flags = indent_indent;
+
+                                       if (node->first_child)
+                                       {
+                                               node = node->first_child;
+                                               continue;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       node_output_simple(writer, node, flags);
+
+                                       indent_flags = indent_newline | indent_indent;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       // continue to the next node
+                       while (node != root)
+                       {
+                               if (node->next_sibling)
+                               {
+                                       node = node->next_sibling;
+                                       break;
+                               }
+
+                               node = node->parent;
+
+                               // write closing node
+                               if (PUGI__NODETYPE(node) == node_element)
+                               {
+                                       depth--;
+
+                                       if ((indent_flags & indent_newline) && (flags & format_raw) == 0)
+                                               writer.write('\n');
+
+                                       if ((indent_flags & indent_indent) && indent_length)
+                                               text_output_indent(writer, indent, indent_length, depth);
+
+                                       node_output_end(writer, node);
+
+                                       indent_flags = indent_newline | indent_indent;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+               while (node != root);
+
+               if ((indent_flags & indent_newline) && (flags & format_raw) == 0)
+                       writer.write('\n');
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool has_declaration(xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               for (xml_node_struct* child = node->first_child; child; child = child->next_sibling)
+               {
+                       xml_node_type type = PUGI__NODETYPE(child);
+
+                       if (type == node_declaration) return true;
+                       if (type == node_element) return false;
+               }
+
+               return false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool is_attribute_of(xml_attribute_struct* attr, xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               for (xml_attribute_struct* a = node->first_attribute; a; a = a->next_attribute)
+                       if (a == attr)
+                               return true;
+
+               return false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool allow_insert_attribute(xml_node_type parent)
+       {
+               return parent == node_element || parent == node_declaration;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool allow_insert_child(xml_node_type parent, xml_node_type child)
+       {
+               if (parent != node_document && parent != node_element) return false;
+               if (child == node_document || child == node_null) return false;
+               if (parent != node_document && (child == node_declaration || child == node_doctype)) return false;
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool allow_move(xml_node parent, xml_node child)
+       {
+               // check that child can be a child of parent
+               if (!allow_insert_child(parent.type(), child.type()))
+                       return false;
+
+               // check that node is not moved between documents
+               if (parent.root() != child.root())
+                       return false;
+
+               // check that new parent is not in the child subtree
+               xml_node cur = parent;
+
+               while (cur)
+               {
+                       if (cur == child)
+                               return false;
+
+                       cur = cur.parent();
+               }
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       template <typename String, typename Header>
+       PUGI__FN void node_copy_string(String& dest, Header& header, uintptr_t header_mask, char_t* source, Header& source_header, xml_allocator* alloc)
+       {
+               assert(!dest && (header & header_mask) == 0);
+
+               if (source)
+               {
+                       if (alloc && (source_header & header_mask) == 0)
+                       {
+                               dest = source;
+
+                               // since strcpy_insitu can reuse document buffer memory we need to mark both source and dest as shared
+                               header |= xml_memory_page_contents_shared_mask;
+                               source_header |= xml_memory_page_contents_shared_mask;
+                       }
+                       else
+                               strcpy_insitu(dest, header, header_mask, source, strlength(source));
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void node_copy_contents(xml_node_struct* dn, xml_node_struct* sn, xml_allocator* shared_alloc)
+       {
+               node_copy_string(dn->name, dn->header, xml_memory_page_name_allocated_mask, sn->name, sn->header, shared_alloc);
+               node_copy_string(dn->value, dn->header, xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, sn->value, sn->header, shared_alloc);
+
+               for (xml_attribute_struct* sa = sn->first_attribute; sa; sa = sa->next_attribute)
+               {
+                       xml_attribute_struct* da = append_new_attribute(dn, get_allocator(dn));
+
+                       if (da)
+                       {
+                               node_copy_string(da->name, da->header, xml_memory_page_name_allocated_mask, sa->name, sa->header, shared_alloc);
+                               node_copy_string(da->value, da->header, xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, sa->value, sa->header, shared_alloc);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void node_copy_tree(xml_node_struct* dn, xml_node_struct* sn)
+       {
+               xml_allocator& alloc = get_allocator(dn);
+               xml_allocator* shared_alloc = (&alloc == &get_allocator(sn)) ? &alloc : 0;
+
+               node_copy_contents(dn, sn, shared_alloc);
+
+               xml_node_struct* dit = dn;
+               xml_node_struct* sit = sn->first_child;
+
+               while (sit && sit != sn)
+               {
+                       // when a tree is copied into one of the descendants, we need to skip that subtree to avoid an infinite loop
+                       if (sit != dn)
+                       {
+                               xml_node_struct* copy = append_new_node(dit, alloc, PUGI__NODETYPE(sit));
+
+                               if (copy)
+                               {
+                                       node_copy_contents(copy, sit, shared_alloc);
+
+                                       if (sit->first_child)
+                                       {
+                                               dit = copy;
+                                               sit = sit->first_child;
+                                               continue;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       // continue to the next node
+                       do
+                       {
+                               if (sit->next_sibling)
+                               {
+                                       sit = sit->next_sibling;
+                                       break;
+                               }
+
+                               sit = sit->parent;
+                               dit = dit->parent;
+                       }
+                       while (sit != sn);
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void node_copy_attribute(xml_attribute_struct* da, xml_attribute_struct* sa)
+       {
+               xml_allocator& alloc = get_allocator(da);
+               xml_allocator* shared_alloc = (&alloc == &get_allocator(sa)) ? &alloc : 0;
+
+               node_copy_string(da->name, da->header, xml_memory_page_name_allocated_mask, sa->name, sa->header, shared_alloc);
+               node_copy_string(da->value, da->header, xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, sa->value, sa->header, shared_alloc);
+       }
+
+       inline bool is_text_node(xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               xml_node_type type = PUGI__NODETYPE(node);
+
+               return type == node_pcdata || type == node_cdata;
+       }
+
+       // get value with conversion functions
+       template <typename U> PUGI__FN PUGI__UNSIGNED_OVERFLOW U string_to_integer(const char_t* value, U minv, U maxv)
+       {
+               U result = 0;
+               const char_t* s = value;
+
+               while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*s, ct_space))
+                       s++;
+
+               bool negative = (*s == '-');
+
+               s += (*s == '+' || *s == '-');
+
+               bool overflow = false;
+
+               if (s[0] == '0' && (s[1] | ' ') == 'x')
+               {
+                       s += 2;
+
+                       // since overflow detection relies on length of the sequence skip leading zeros
+                       while (*s == '0')
+                               s++;
+
+                       const char_t* start = s;
+
+                       for (;;)
+                       {
+                               if (static_cast<unsigned>(*s - '0') < 10)
+                                       result = result * 16 + (*s - '0');
+                               else if (static_cast<unsigned>((*s | ' ') - 'a') < 6)
+                                       result = result * 16 + ((*s | ' ') - 'a' + 10);
+                               else
+                                       break;
+
+                               s++;
+                       }
+
+                       size_t digits = static_cast<size_t>(s - start);
+
+                       overflow = digits > sizeof(U) * 2;
+               }
+               else
+               {
+                       // since overflow detection relies on length of the sequence skip leading zeros
+                       while (*s == '0')
+                               s++;
+
+                       const char_t* start = s;
+
+                       for (;;)
+                       {
+                               if (static_cast<unsigned>(*s - '0') < 10)
+                                       result = result * 10 + (*s - '0');
+                               else
+                                       break;
+
+                               s++;
+                       }
+
+                       size_t digits = static_cast<size_t>(s - start);
+
+                       PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(U) == 8 || sizeof(U) == 4 || sizeof(U) == 2);
+
+                       const size_t max_digits10 = sizeof(U) == 8 ? 20 : sizeof(U) == 4 ? 10 : 5;
+                       const char_t max_lead = sizeof(U) == 8 ? '1' : sizeof(U) == 4 ? '4' : '6';
+                       const size_t high_bit = sizeof(U) * 8 - 1;
+
+                       overflow = digits >= max_digits10 && !(digits == max_digits10 && (*start < max_lead || (*start == max_lead && result >> high_bit)));
+               }
+
+               if (negative)
+               {
+                       // Workaround for crayc++ CC-3059: Expected no overflow in routine.
+               #ifdef _CRAYC
+                       return (overflow || result > ~minv + 1) ? minv : ~result + 1;
+               #else
+                       return (overflow || result > 0 - minv) ? minv : 0 - result;
+               #endif
+               }
+               else
+                       return (overflow || result > maxv) ? maxv : result;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN int get_value_int(const char_t* value)
+       {
+               return string_to_integer<unsigned int>(value, static_cast<unsigned int>(INT_MIN), INT_MAX);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN unsigned int get_value_uint(const char_t* value)
+       {
+               return string_to_integer<unsigned int>(value, 0, UINT_MAX);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN double get_value_double(const char_t* value)
+       {
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+               return wcstod(value, 0);
+       #else
+               return strtod(value, 0);
+       #endif
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN float get_value_float(const char_t* value)
+       {
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+               return static_cast<float>(wcstod(value, 0));
+       #else
+               return static_cast<float>(strtod(value, 0));
+       #endif
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool get_value_bool(const char_t* value)
+       {
+               // only look at first char
+               char_t first = *value;
+
+               // 1*, t* (true), T* (True), y* (yes), Y* (YES)
+               return (first == '1' || first == 't' || first == 'T' || first == 'y' || first == 'Y');
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+       PUGI__FN long long get_value_llong(const char_t* value)
+       {
+               return string_to_integer<unsigned long long>(value, static_cast<unsigned long long>(LLONG_MIN), LLONG_MAX);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN unsigned long long get_value_ullong(const char_t* value)
+       {
+               return string_to_integer<unsigned long long>(value, 0, ULLONG_MAX);
+       }
+#endif
+
+       template <typename U> PUGI__FN PUGI__UNSIGNED_OVERFLOW char_t* integer_to_string(char_t* begin, char_t* end, U value, bool negative)
+       {
+               char_t* result = end - 1;
+               U rest = negative ? 0 - value : value;
+
+               do
+               {
+                       *result-- = static_cast<char_t>('0' + (rest % 10));
+                       rest /= 10;
+               }
+               while (rest);
+
+               assert(result >= begin);
+               (void)begin;
+
+               *result = '-';
+
+               return result + !negative;
+       }
+
+       // set value with conversion functions
+       template <typename String, typename Header>
+       PUGI__FN bool set_value_ascii(String& dest, Header& header, uintptr_t header_mask, char* buf)
+       {
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+               char_t wbuf[128];
+               assert(strlen(buf) < sizeof(wbuf) / sizeof(wbuf[0]));
+
+               size_t offset = 0;
+               for (; buf[offset]; ++offset) wbuf[offset] = buf[offset];
+
+               return strcpy_insitu(dest, header, header_mask, wbuf, offset);
+       #else
+               return strcpy_insitu(dest, header, header_mask, buf, strlen(buf));
+       #endif
+       }
+
+       template <typename U, typename String, typename Header>
+       PUGI__FN bool set_value_integer(String& dest, Header& header, uintptr_t header_mask, U value, bool negative)
+       {
+               char_t buf[64];
+               char_t* end = buf + sizeof(buf) / sizeof(buf[0]);
+               char_t* begin = integer_to_string(buf, end, value, negative);
+
+               return strcpy_insitu(dest, header, header_mask, begin, end - begin);
+       }
+
+       template <typename String, typename Header>
+       PUGI__FN bool set_value_convert(String& dest, Header& header, uintptr_t header_mask, float value)
+       {
+               char buf[128];
+               PUGI__SNPRINTF(buf, "%.9g", value);
+
+               return set_value_ascii(dest, header, header_mask, buf);
+       }
+
+       template <typename String, typename Header>
+       PUGI__FN bool set_value_convert(String& dest, Header& header, uintptr_t header_mask, double value)
+       {
+               char buf[128];
+               PUGI__SNPRINTF(buf, "%.17g", value);
+
+               return set_value_ascii(dest, header, header_mask, buf);
+       }
+
+       template <typename String, typename Header>
+       PUGI__FN bool set_value_bool(String& dest, Header& header, uintptr_t header_mask, bool value)
+       {
+               return strcpy_insitu(dest, header, header_mask, value ? PUGIXML_TEXT("true") : PUGIXML_TEXT("false"), value ? 4 : 5);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_result load_buffer_impl(xml_document_struct* doc, xml_node_struct* root, void* contents, size_t size, unsigned int options, xml_encoding encoding, bool is_mutable, bool own, char_t** out_buffer)
+       {
+               // check input buffer
+               if (!contents && size) return make_parse_result(status_io_error);
+
+               // get actual encoding
+               xml_encoding buffer_encoding = impl::get_buffer_encoding(encoding, contents, size);
+
+               // get private buffer
+               char_t* buffer = 0;
+               size_t length = 0;
+
+               if (!impl::convert_buffer(buffer, length, buffer_encoding, contents, size, is_mutable)) return impl::make_parse_result(status_out_of_memory);
+
+               // delete original buffer if we performed a conversion
+               if (own && buffer != contents && contents) impl::xml_memory::deallocate(contents);
+
+               // grab onto buffer if it's our buffer, user is responsible for deallocating contents himself
+               if (own || buffer != contents) *out_buffer = buffer;
+
+               // store buffer for offset_debug
+               doc->buffer = buffer;
+
+               // parse
+               xml_parse_result res = impl::xml_parser::parse(buffer, length, doc, root, options);
+
+               // remember encoding
+               res.encoding = buffer_encoding;
+
+               return res;
+       }
+
+       // we need to get length of entire file to load it in memory; the only (relatively) sane way to do it is via seek/tell trick
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_status get_file_size(FILE* file, size_t& out_result)
+       {
+       #if defined(PUGI__MSVC_CRT_VERSION) && PUGI__MSVC_CRT_VERSION >= 1400 && !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+               // there are 64-bit versions of fseek/ftell, let's use them
+               typedef __int64 length_type;
+
+               _fseeki64(file, 0, SEEK_END);
+               length_type length = _ftelli64(file);
+               _fseeki64(file, 0, SEEK_SET);
+       #elif defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(__NO_MINGW_LFS) && (!defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) || defined(__MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR))
+               // there are 64-bit versions of fseek/ftell, let's use them
+               typedef off64_t length_type;
+
+               fseeko64(file, 0, SEEK_END);
+               length_type length = ftello64(file);
+               fseeko64(file, 0, SEEK_SET);
+       #else
+               // if this is a 32-bit OS, long is enough; if this is a unix system, long is 64-bit, which is enough; otherwise we can't do anything anyway.
+               typedef long length_type;
+
+               fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);
+               length_type length = ftell(file);
+               fseek(file, 0, SEEK_SET);
+       #endif
+
+               // check for I/O errors
+               if (length < 0) return status_io_error;
+
+               // check for overflow
+               size_t result = static_cast<size_t>(length);
+
+               if (static_cast<length_type>(result) != length) return status_out_of_memory;
+
+               // finalize
+               out_result = result;
+
+               return status_ok;
+       }
+
+       // This function assumes that buffer has extra sizeof(char_t) writable bytes after size
+       PUGI__FN size_t zero_terminate_buffer(void* buffer, size_t size, xml_encoding encoding)
+       {
+               // We only need to zero-terminate if encoding conversion does not do it for us
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+               xml_encoding wchar_encoding = get_wchar_encoding();
+
+               if (encoding == wchar_encoding || need_endian_swap_utf(encoding, wchar_encoding))
+               {
+                       size_t length = size / sizeof(char_t);
+
+                       static_cast<char_t*>(buffer)[length] = 0;
+                       return (length + 1) * sizeof(char_t);
+               }
+       #else
+               if (encoding == encoding_utf8)
+               {
+                       static_cast<char*>(buffer)[size] = 0;
+                       return size + 1;
+               }
+       #endif
+
+               return size;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_result load_file_impl(xml_document_struct* doc, FILE* file, unsigned int options, xml_encoding encoding, char_t** out_buffer)
+       {
+               if (!file) return make_parse_result(status_file_not_found);
+
+               // get file size (can result in I/O errors)
+               size_t size = 0;
+               xml_parse_status size_status = get_file_size(file, size);
+               if (size_status != status_ok) return make_parse_result(size_status);
+
+               size_t max_suffix_size = sizeof(char_t);
+
+               // allocate buffer for the whole file
+               char* contents = static_cast<char*>(xml_memory::allocate(size + max_suffix_size));
+               if (!contents) return make_parse_result(status_out_of_memory);
+
+               // read file in memory
+               size_t read_size = fread(contents, 1, size, file);
+
+               if (read_size != size)
+               {
+                       xml_memory::deallocate(contents);
+                       return make_parse_result(status_io_error);
+               }
+
+               xml_encoding real_encoding = get_buffer_encoding(encoding, contents, size);
+
+               return load_buffer_impl(doc, doc, contents, zero_terminate_buffer(contents, size, real_encoding), options, real_encoding, true, true, out_buffer);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void close_file(FILE* file)
+       {
+               fclose(file);
+       }
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+       template <typename T> struct xml_stream_chunk
+       {
+               static xml_stream_chunk* create()
+               {
+                       void* memory = xml_memory::allocate(sizeof(xml_stream_chunk));
+                       if (!memory) return 0;
+
+                       return new (memory) xml_stream_chunk();
+               }
+
+               static void destroy(xml_stream_chunk* chunk)
+               {
+                       // free chunk chain
+                       while (chunk)
+                       {
+                               xml_stream_chunk* next_ = chunk->next;
+
+                               xml_memory::deallocate(chunk);
+
+                               chunk = next_;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               xml_stream_chunk(): next(0), size(0)
+               {
+               }
+
+               xml_stream_chunk* next;
+               size_t size;
+
+               T data[xml_memory_page_size / sizeof(T)];
+       };
+
+       template <typename T> PUGI__FN xml_parse_status load_stream_data_noseek(std::basic_istream<T>& stream, void** out_buffer, size_t* out_size)
+       {
+               auto_deleter<xml_stream_chunk<T> > chunks(0, xml_stream_chunk<T>::destroy);
+
+               // read file to a chunk list
+               size_t total = 0;
+               xml_stream_chunk<T>* last = 0;
+
+               while (!stream.eof())
+               {
+                       // allocate new chunk
+                       xml_stream_chunk<T>* chunk = xml_stream_chunk<T>::create();
+                       if (!chunk) return status_out_of_memory;
+
+                       // append chunk to list
+                       if (last) last = last->next = chunk;
+                       else chunks.data = last = chunk;
+
+                       // read data to chunk
+                       stream.read(chunk->data, static_cast<std::streamsize>(sizeof(chunk->data) / sizeof(T)));
+                       chunk->size = static_cast<size_t>(stream.gcount()) * sizeof(T);
+
+                       // read may set failbit | eofbit in case gcount() is less than read length, so check for other I/O errors
+                       if (stream.bad() || (!stream.eof() && stream.fail())) return status_io_error;
+
+                       // guard against huge files (chunk size is small enough to make this overflow check work)
+                       if (total + chunk->size < total) return status_out_of_memory;
+                       total += chunk->size;
+               }
+
+               size_t max_suffix_size = sizeof(char_t);
+
+               // copy chunk list to a contiguous buffer
+               char* buffer = static_cast<char*>(xml_memory::allocate(total + max_suffix_size));
+               if (!buffer) return status_out_of_memory;
+
+               char* write = buffer;
+
+               for (xml_stream_chunk<T>* chunk = chunks.data; chunk; chunk = chunk->next)
+               {
+                       assert(write + chunk->size <= buffer + total);
+                       memcpy(write, chunk->data, chunk->size);
+                       write += chunk->size;
+               }
+
+               assert(write == buffer + total);
+
+               // return buffer
+               *out_buffer = buffer;
+               *out_size = total;
+
+               return status_ok;
+       }
+
+       template <typename T> PUGI__FN xml_parse_status load_stream_data_seek(std::basic_istream<T>& stream, void** out_buffer, size_t* out_size)
+       {
+               // get length of remaining data in stream
+               typename std::basic_istream<T>::pos_type pos = stream.tellg();
+               stream.seekg(0, std::ios::end);
+               std::streamoff length = stream.tellg() - pos;
+               stream.seekg(pos);
+
+               if (stream.fail() || pos < 0) return status_io_error;
+
+               // guard against huge files
+               size_t read_length = static_cast<size_t>(length);
+
+               if (static_cast<std::streamsize>(read_length) != length || length < 0) return status_out_of_memory;
+
+               size_t max_suffix_size = sizeof(char_t);
+
+               // read stream data into memory (guard against stream exceptions with buffer holder)
+               auto_deleter<void> buffer(xml_memory::allocate(read_length * sizeof(T) + max_suffix_size), xml_memory::deallocate);
+               if (!buffer.data) return status_out_of_memory;
+
+               stream.read(static_cast<T*>(buffer.data), static_cast<std::streamsize>(read_length));
+
+               // read may set failbit | eofbit in case gcount() is less than read_length (i.e. line ending conversion), so check for other I/O errors
+               if (stream.bad() || (!stream.eof() && stream.fail())) return status_io_error;
+
+               // return buffer
+               size_t actual_length = static_cast<size_t>(stream.gcount());
+               assert(actual_length <= read_length);
+
+               *out_buffer = buffer.release();
+               *out_size = actual_length * sizeof(T);
+
+               return status_ok;
+       }
+
+       template <typename T> PUGI__FN xml_parse_result load_stream_impl(xml_document_struct* doc, std::basic_istream<T>& stream, unsigned int options, xml_encoding encoding, char_t** out_buffer)
+       {
+               void* buffer = 0;
+               size_t size = 0;
+               xml_parse_status status = status_ok;
+
+               // if stream has an error bit set, bail out (otherwise tellg() can fail and we'll clear error bits)
+               if (stream.fail()) return make_parse_result(status_io_error);
+
+               // load stream to memory (using seek-based implementation if possible, since it's faster and takes less memory)
+               if (stream.tellg() < 0)
+               {
+                       stream.clear(); // clear error flags that could be set by a failing tellg
+                       status = load_stream_data_noseek(stream, &buffer, &size);
+               }
+               else
+                       status = load_stream_data_seek(stream, &buffer, &size);
+
+               if (status != status_ok) return make_parse_result(status);
+
+               xml_encoding real_encoding = get_buffer_encoding(encoding, buffer, size);
+
+               return load_buffer_impl(doc, doc, buffer, zero_terminate_buffer(buffer, size, real_encoding), options, real_encoding, true, true, out_buffer);
+       }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(PUGI__MSVC_CRT_VERSION) || defined(__BORLANDC__) || (defined(__MINGW32__) && (!defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) || defined(__MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR)))
+       PUGI__FN FILE* open_file_wide(const wchar_t* path, const wchar_t* mode)
+       {
+               return _wfopen(path, mode);
+       }
+#else
+       PUGI__FN char* convert_path_heap(const wchar_t* str)
+       {
+               assert(str);
+
+               // first pass: get length in utf8 characters
+               size_t length = strlength_wide(str);
+               size_t size = as_utf8_begin(str, length);
+
+               // allocate resulting string
+               char* result = static_cast<char*>(xml_memory::allocate(size + 1));
+               if (!result) return 0;
+
+               // second pass: convert to utf8
+               as_utf8_end(result, size, str, length);
+
+               // zero-terminate
+               result[size] = 0;
+
+               return result;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN FILE* open_file_wide(const wchar_t* path, const wchar_t* mode)
+       {
+               // there is no standard function to open wide paths, so our best bet is to try utf8 path
+               char* path_utf8 = convert_path_heap(path);
+               if (!path_utf8) return 0;
+
+               // convert mode to ASCII (we mirror _wfopen interface)
+               char mode_ascii[4] = {0};
+               for (size_t i = 0; mode[i]; ++i) mode_ascii[i] = static_cast<char>(mode[i]);
+
+               // try to open the utf8 path
+               FILE* result = fopen(path_utf8, mode_ascii);
+
+               // free dummy buffer
+               xml_memory::deallocate(path_utf8);
+
+               return result;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN bool save_file_impl(const xml_document& doc, FILE* file, const char_t* indent, unsigned int flags, xml_encoding encoding)
+       {
+               if (!file) return false;
+
+               xml_writer_file writer(file);
+               doc.save(writer, indent, flags, encoding);
+
+               return ferror(file) == 0;
+       }
+
+       struct name_null_sentry
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* node;
+               char_t* name;
+
+               name_null_sentry(xml_node_struct* node_): node(node_), name(node_->name)
+               {
+                       node->name = 0;
+               }
+
+               ~name_null_sentry()
+               {
+                       node->name = name;
+               }
+       };
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+namespace pugi
+{
+       PUGI__FN xml_writer_file::xml_writer_file(void* file_): file(file_)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void xml_writer_file::write(const void* data, size_t size)
+       {
+               size_t result = fwrite(data, 1, size, static_cast<FILE*>(file));
+               (void)!result; // unfortunately we can't do proper error handling here
+       }
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+       PUGI__FN xml_writer_stream::xml_writer_stream(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& stream): narrow_stream(&stream), wide_stream(0)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_writer_stream::xml_writer_stream(std::basic_ostream<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t> >& stream): narrow_stream(0), wide_stream(&stream)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void xml_writer_stream::write(const void* data, size_t size)
+       {
+               if (narrow_stream)
+               {
+                       assert(!wide_stream);
+                       narrow_stream->write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(data), static_cast<std::streamsize>(size));
+               }
+               else
+               {
+                       assert(wide_stream);
+                       assert(size % sizeof(wchar_t) == 0);
+
+                       wide_stream->write(reinterpret_cast<const wchar_t*>(data), static_cast<std::streamsize>(size / sizeof(wchar_t)));
+               }
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_tree_walker::xml_tree_walker(): _depth(0)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_tree_walker::~xml_tree_walker()
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN int xml_tree_walker::depth() const
+       {
+               return _depth;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_tree_walker::begin(xml_node&)
+       {
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_tree_walker::end(xml_node&)
+       {
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute::xml_attribute(): _attr(0)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute::xml_attribute(xml_attribute_struct* attr): _attr(attr)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN static void unspecified_bool_xml_attribute(xml_attribute***)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute::operator xml_attribute::unspecified_bool_type() const
+       {
+               return _attr ? unspecified_bool_xml_attribute : 0;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::operator!() const
+       {
+               return !_attr;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::operator==(const xml_attribute& r) const
+       {
+               return (_attr == r._attr);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::operator!=(const xml_attribute& r) const
+       {
+               return (_attr != r._attr);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::operator<(const xml_attribute& r) const
+       {
+               return (_attr < r._attr);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::operator>(const xml_attribute& r) const
+       {
+               return (_attr > r._attr);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::operator<=(const xml_attribute& r) const
+       {
+               return (_attr <= r._attr);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::operator>=(const xml_attribute& r) const
+       {
+               return (_attr >= r._attr);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xml_attribute::next_attribute() const
+       {
+               return _attr ? xml_attribute(_attr->next_attribute) : xml_attribute();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xml_attribute::previous_attribute() const
+       {
+               return _attr && _attr->prev_attribute_c->next_attribute ? xml_attribute(_attr->prev_attribute_c) : xml_attribute();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* xml_attribute::as_string(const char_t* def) const
+       {
+               return (_attr && _attr->value) ? _attr->value + 0 : def;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN int xml_attribute::as_int(int def) const
+       {
+               return (_attr && _attr->value) ? impl::get_value_int(_attr->value) : def;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN unsigned int xml_attribute::as_uint(unsigned int def) const
+       {
+               return (_attr && _attr->value) ? impl::get_value_uint(_attr->value) : def;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN double xml_attribute::as_double(double def) const
+       {
+               return (_attr && _attr->value) ? impl::get_value_double(_attr->value) : def;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN float xml_attribute::as_float(float def) const
+       {
+               return (_attr && _attr->value) ? impl::get_value_float(_attr->value) : def;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::as_bool(bool def) const
+       {
+               return (_attr && _attr->value) ? impl::get_value_bool(_attr->value) : def;
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+       PUGI__FN long long xml_attribute::as_llong(long long def) const
+       {
+               return (_attr && _attr->value) ? impl::get_value_llong(_attr->value) : def;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN unsigned long long xml_attribute::as_ullong(unsigned long long def) const
+       {
+               return (_attr && _attr->value) ? impl::get_value_ullong(_attr->value) : def;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::empty() const
+       {
+               return !_attr;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* xml_attribute::name() const
+       {
+               return (_attr && _attr->name) ? _attr->name + 0 : PUGIXML_TEXT("");
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* xml_attribute::value() const
+       {
+               return (_attr && _attr->value) ? _attr->value + 0 : PUGIXML_TEXT("");
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN size_t xml_attribute::hash_value() const
+       {
+               return static_cast<size_t>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(_attr) / sizeof(xml_attribute_struct));
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute_struct* xml_attribute::internal_object() const
+       {
+               return _attr;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute& xml_attribute::operator=(const char_t* rhs)
+       {
+               set_value(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute& xml_attribute::operator=(int rhs)
+       {
+               set_value(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute& xml_attribute::operator=(unsigned int rhs)
+       {
+               set_value(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute& xml_attribute::operator=(long rhs)
+       {
+               set_value(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute& xml_attribute::operator=(unsigned long rhs)
+       {
+               set_value(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute& xml_attribute::operator=(double rhs)
+       {
+               set_value(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute& xml_attribute::operator=(float rhs)
+       {
+               set_value(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute& xml_attribute::operator=(bool rhs)
+       {
+               set_value(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute& xml_attribute::operator=(long long rhs)
+       {
+               set_value(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute& xml_attribute::operator=(unsigned long long rhs)
+       {
+               set_value(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::set_name(const char_t* rhs)
+       {
+               if (!_attr) return false;
+
+               return impl::strcpy_insitu(_attr->name, _attr->header, impl::xml_memory_page_name_allocated_mask, rhs, impl::strlength(rhs));
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::set_value(const char_t* rhs)
+       {
+               if (!_attr) return false;
+
+               return impl::strcpy_insitu(_attr->value, _attr->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, impl::strlength(rhs));
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::set_value(int rhs)
+       {
+               if (!_attr) return false;
+
+               return impl::set_value_integer<unsigned int>(_attr->value, _attr->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, rhs < 0);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::set_value(unsigned int rhs)
+       {
+               if (!_attr) return false;
+
+               return impl::set_value_integer<unsigned int>(_attr->value, _attr->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, false);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::set_value(long rhs)
+       {
+               if (!_attr) return false;
+
+               return impl::set_value_integer<unsigned long>(_attr->value, _attr->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, rhs < 0);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::set_value(unsigned long rhs)
+       {
+               if (!_attr) return false;
+
+               return impl::set_value_integer<unsigned long>(_attr->value, _attr->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, false);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::set_value(double rhs)
+       {
+               if (!_attr) return false;
+
+               return impl::set_value_convert(_attr->value, _attr->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::set_value(float rhs)
+       {
+               if (!_attr) return false;
+
+               return impl::set_value_convert(_attr->value, _attr->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::set_value(bool rhs)
+       {
+               if (!_attr) return false;
+
+               return impl::set_value_bool(_attr->value, _attr->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs);
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::set_value(long long rhs)
+       {
+               if (!_attr) return false;
+
+               return impl::set_value_integer<unsigned long long>(_attr->value, _attr->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, rhs < 0);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute::set_value(unsigned long long rhs)
+       {
+               if (!_attr) return false;
+
+               return impl::set_value_integer<unsigned long long>(_attr->value, _attr->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, false);
+       }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __BORLANDC__
+       PUGI__FN bool operator&&(const xml_attribute& lhs, bool rhs)
+       {
+               return (bool)lhs && rhs;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool operator||(const xml_attribute& lhs, bool rhs)
+       {
+               return (bool)lhs || rhs;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node::xml_node(): _root(0)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node::xml_node(xml_node_struct* p): _root(p)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN static void unspecified_bool_xml_node(xml_node***)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node::operator xml_node::unspecified_bool_type() const
+       {
+               return _root ? unspecified_bool_xml_node : 0;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::operator!() const
+       {
+               return !_root;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node::iterator xml_node::begin() const
+       {
+               return iterator(_root ? _root->first_child + 0 : 0, _root);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node::iterator xml_node::end() const
+       {
+               return iterator(0, _root);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node::attribute_iterator xml_node::attributes_begin() const
+       {
+               return attribute_iterator(_root ? _root->first_attribute + 0 : 0, _root);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node::attribute_iterator xml_node::attributes_end() const
+       {
+               return attribute_iterator(0, _root);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_object_range<xml_node_iterator> xml_node::children() const
+       {
+               return xml_object_range<xml_node_iterator>(begin(), end());
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_object_range<xml_named_node_iterator> xml_node::children(const char_t* name_) const
+       {
+               return xml_object_range<xml_named_node_iterator>(xml_named_node_iterator(child(name_)._root, _root, name_), xml_named_node_iterator(0, _root, name_));
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_object_range<xml_attribute_iterator> xml_node::attributes() const
+       {
+               return xml_object_range<xml_attribute_iterator>(attributes_begin(), attributes_end());
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::operator==(const xml_node& r) const
+       {
+               return (_root == r._root);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::operator!=(const xml_node& r) const
+       {
+               return (_root != r._root);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::operator<(const xml_node& r) const
+       {
+               return (_root < r._root);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::operator>(const xml_node& r) const
+       {
+               return (_root > r._root);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::operator<=(const xml_node& r) const
+       {
+               return (_root <= r._root);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::operator>=(const xml_node& r) const
+       {
+               return (_root >= r._root);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::empty() const
+       {
+               return !_root;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* xml_node::name() const
+       {
+               return (_root && _root->name) ? _root->name + 0 : PUGIXML_TEXT("");
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node_type xml_node::type() const
+       {
+               return _root ? PUGI__NODETYPE(_root) : node_null;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* xml_node::value() const
+       {
+               return (_root && _root->value) ? _root->value + 0 : PUGIXML_TEXT("");
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::child(const char_t* name_) const
+       {
+               if (!_root) return xml_node();
+
+               for (xml_node_struct* i = _root->first_child; i; i = i->next_sibling)
+                       if (i->name && impl::strequal(name_, i->name)) return xml_node(i);
+
+               return xml_node();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xml_node::attribute(const char_t* name_) const
+       {
+               if (!_root) return xml_attribute();
+
+               for (xml_attribute_struct* i = _root->first_attribute; i; i = i->next_attribute)
+                       if (i->name && impl::strequal(name_, i->name))
+                               return xml_attribute(i);
+
+               return xml_attribute();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::next_sibling(const char_t* name_) const
+       {
+               if (!_root) return xml_node();
+
+               for (xml_node_struct* i = _root->next_sibling; i; i = i->next_sibling)
+                       if (i->name && impl::strequal(name_, i->name)) return xml_node(i);
+
+               return xml_node();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::next_sibling() const
+       {
+               return _root ? xml_node(_root->next_sibling) : xml_node();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::previous_sibling(const char_t* name_) const
+       {
+               if (!_root) return xml_node();
+
+               for (xml_node_struct* i = _root->prev_sibling_c; i->next_sibling; i = i->prev_sibling_c)
+                       if (i->name && impl::strequal(name_, i->name)) return xml_node(i);
+
+               return xml_node();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xml_node::attribute(const char_t* name_, xml_attribute& hint_) const
+       {
+               xml_attribute_struct* hint = hint_._attr;
+
+               // if hint is not an attribute of node, behavior is not defined
+               assert(!hint || (_root && impl::is_attribute_of(hint, _root)));
+
+               if (!_root) return xml_attribute();
+
+               // optimistically search from hint up until the end
+               for (xml_attribute_struct* i = hint; i; i = i->next_attribute)
+                       if (i->name && impl::strequal(name_, i->name))
+                       {
+                               // update hint to maximize efficiency of searching for consecutive attributes
+                               hint_._attr = i->next_attribute;
+
+                               return xml_attribute(i);
+                       }
+
+               // wrap around and search from the first attribute until the hint
+               // 'j' null pointer check is technically redundant, but it prevents a crash in case the assertion above fails
+               for (xml_attribute_struct* j = _root->first_attribute; j && j != hint; j = j->next_attribute)
+                       if (j->name && impl::strequal(name_, j->name))
+                       {
+                               // update hint to maximize efficiency of searching for consecutive attributes
+                               hint_._attr = j->next_attribute;
+
+                               return xml_attribute(j);
+                       }
+
+               return xml_attribute();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::previous_sibling() const
+       {
+               if (!_root) return xml_node();
+
+               if (_root->prev_sibling_c->next_sibling) return xml_node(_root->prev_sibling_c);
+               else return xml_node();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::parent() const
+       {
+               return _root ? xml_node(_root->parent) : xml_node();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::root() const
+       {
+               return _root ? xml_node(&impl::get_document(_root)) : xml_node();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_text xml_node::text() const
+       {
+               return xml_text(_root);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* xml_node::child_value() const
+       {
+               if (!_root) return PUGIXML_TEXT("");
+
+               // element nodes can have value if parse_embed_pcdata was used
+               if (PUGI__NODETYPE(_root) == node_element && _root->value)
+                       return _root->value;
+
+               for (xml_node_struct* i = _root->first_child; i; i = i->next_sibling)
+                       if (impl::is_text_node(i) && i->value)
+                               return i->value;
+
+               return PUGIXML_TEXT("");
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* xml_node::child_value(const char_t* name_) const
+       {
+               return child(name_).child_value();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xml_node::first_attribute() const
+       {
+               return _root ? xml_attribute(_root->first_attribute) : xml_attribute();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xml_node::last_attribute() const
+       {
+               return _root && _root->first_attribute ? xml_attribute(_root->first_attribute->prev_attribute_c) : xml_attribute();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::first_child() const
+       {
+               return _root ? xml_node(_root->first_child) : xml_node();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::last_child() const
+       {
+               return _root && _root->first_child ? xml_node(_root->first_child->prev_sibling_c) : xml_node();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::set_name(const char_t* rhs)
+       {
+               xml_node_type type_ = _root ? PUGI__NODETYPE(_root) : node_null;
+
+               if (type_ != node_element && type_ != node_pi && type_ != node_declaration)
+                       return false;
+
+               return impl::strcpy_insitu(_root->name, _root->header, impl::xml_memory_page_name_allocated_mask, rhs, impl::strlength(rhs));
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::set_value(const char_t* rhs)
+       {
+               xml_node_type type_ = _root ? PUGI__NODETYPE(_root) : node_null;
+
+               if (type_ != node_pcdata && type_ != node_cdata && type_ != node_comment && type_ != node_pi && type_ != node_doctype)
+                       return false;
+
+               return impl::strcpy_insitu(_root->value, _root->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, impl::strlength(rhs));
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xml_node::append_attribute(const char_t* name_)
+       {
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_attribute(type())) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_attribute();
+
+               xml_attribute a(impl::allocate_attribute(alloc));
+               if (!a) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::append_attribute(a._attr, _root);
+
+               a.set_name(name_);
+
+               return a;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xml_node::prepend_attribute(const char_t* name_)
+       {
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_attribute(type())) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_attribute();
+
+               xml_attribute a(impl::allocate_attribute(alloc));
+               if (!a) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::prepend_attribute(a._attr, _root);
+
+               a.set_name(name_);
+
+               return a;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xml_node::insert_attribute_after(const char_t* name_, const xml_attribute& attr)
+       {
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_attribute(type())) return xml_attribute();
+               if (!attr || !impl::is_attribute_of(attr._attr, _root)) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_attribute();
+
+               xml_attribute a(impl::allocate_attribute(alloc));
+               if (!a) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::insert_attribute_after(a._attr, attr._attr, _root);
+
+               a.set_name(name_);
+
+               return a;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xml_node::insert_attribute_before(const char_t* name_, const xml_attribute& attr)
+       {
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_attribute(type())) return xml_attribute();
+               if (!attr || !impl::is_attribute_of(attr._attr, _root)) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_attribute();
+
+               xml_attribute a(impl::allocate_attribute(alloc));
+               if (!a) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::insert_attribute_before(a._attr, attr._attr, _root);
+
+               a.set_name(name_);
+
+               return a;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xml_node::append_copy(const xml_attribute& proto)
+       {
+               if (!proto) return xml_attribute();
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_attribute(type())) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_attribute();
+
+               xml_attribute a(impl::allocate_attribute(alloc));
+               if (!a) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::append_attribute(a._attr, _root);
+               impl::node_copy_attribute(a._attr, proto._attr);
+
+               return a;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xml_node::prepend_copy(const xml_attribute& proto)
+       {
+               if (!proto) return xml_attribute();
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_attribute(type())) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_attribute();
+
+               xml_attribute a(impl::allocate_attribute(alloc));
+               if (!a) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::prepend_attribute(a._attr, _root);
+               impl::node_copy_attribute(a._attr, proto._attr);
+
+               return a;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xml_node::insert_copy_after(const xml_attribute& proto, const xml_attribute& attr)
+       {
+               if (!proto) return xml_attribute();
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_attribute(type())) return xml_attribute();
+               if (!attr || !impl::is_attribute_of(attr._attr, _root)) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_attribute();
+
+               xml_attribute a(impl::allocate_attribute(alloc));
+               if (!a) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::insert_attribute_after(a._attr, attr._attr, _root);
+               impl::node_copy_attribute(a._attr, proto._attr);
+
+               return a;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xml_node::insert_copy_before(const xml_attribute& proto, const xml_attribute& attr)
+       {
+               if (!proto) return xml_attribute();
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_attribute(type())) return xml_attribute();
+               if (!attr || !impl::is_attribute_of(attr._attr, _root)) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_attribute();
+
+               xml_attribute a(impl::allocate_attribute(alloc));
+               if (!a) return xml_attribute();
+
+               impl::insert_attribute_before(a._attr, attr._attr, _root);
+               impl::node_copy_attribute(a._attr, proto._attr);
+
+               return a;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::append_child(xml_node_type type_)
+       {
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_child(type(), type_)) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_node();
+
+               xml_node n(impl::allocate_node(alloc, type_));
+               if (!n) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::append_node(n._root, _root);
+
+               if (type_ == node_declaration) n.set_name(PUGIXML_TEXT("xml"));
+
+               return n;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::prepend_child(xml_node_type type_)
+       {
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_child(type(), type_)) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_node();
+
+               xml_node n(impl::allocate_node(alloc, type_));
+               if (!n) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::prepend_node(n._root, _root);
+
+               if (type_ == node_declaration) n.set_name(PUGIXML_TEXT("xml"));
+
+               return n;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::insert_child_before(xml_node_type type_, const xml_node& node)
+       {
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_child(type(), type_)) return xml_node();
+               if (!node._root || node._root->parent != _root) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_node();
+
+               xml_node n(impl::allocate_node(alloc, type_));
+               if (!n) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::insert_node_before(n._root, node._root);
+
+               if (type_ == node_declaration) n.set_name(PUGIXML_TEXT("xml"));
+
+               return n;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::insert_child_after(xml_node_type type_, const xml_node& node)
+       {
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_child(type(), type_)) return xml_node();
+               if (!node._root || node._root->parent != _root) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_node();
+
+               xml_node n(impl::allocate_node(alloc, type_));
+               if (!n) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::insert_node_after(n._root, node._root);
+
+               if (type_ == node_declaration) n.set_name(PUGIXML_TEXT("xml"));
+
+               return n;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::append_child(const char_t* name_)
+       {
+               xml_node result = append_child(node_element);
+
+               result.set_name(name_);
+
+               return result;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::prepend_child(const char_t* name_)
+       {
+               xml_node result = prepend_child(node_element);
+
+               result.set_name(name_);
+
+               return result;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::insert_child_after(const char_t* name_, const xml_node& node)
+       {
+               xml_node result = insert_child_after(node_element, node);
+
+               result.set_name(name_);
+
+               return result;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::insert_child_before(const char_t* name_, const xml_node& node)
+       {
+               xml_node result = insert_child_before(node_element, node);
+
+               result.set_name(name_);
+
+               return result;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::append_copy(const xml_node& proto)
+       {
+               xml_node_type type_ = proto.type();
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_child(type(), type_)) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_node();
+
+               xml_node n(impl::allocate_node(alloc, type_));
+               if (!n) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::append_node(n._root, _root);
+               impl::node_copy_tree(n._root, proto._root);
+
+               return n;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::prepend_copy(const xml_node& proto)
+       {
+               xml_node_type type_ = proto.type();
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_child(type(), type_)) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_node();
+
+               xml_node n(impl::allocate_node(alloc, type_));
+               if (!n) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::prepend_node(n._root, _root);
+               impl::node_copy_tree(n._root, proto._root);
+
+               return n;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::insert_copy_after(const xml_node& proto, const xml_node& node)
+       {
+               xml_node_type type_ = proto.type();
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_child(type(), type_)) return xml_node();
+               if (!node._root || node._root->parent != _root) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_node();
+
+               xml_node n(impl::allocate_node(alloc, type_));
+               if (!n) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::insert_node_after(n._root, node._root);
+               impl::node_copy_tree(n._root, proto._root);
+
+               return n;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::insert_copy_before(const xml_node& proto, const xml_node& node)
+       {
+               xml_node_type type_ = proto.type();
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_child(type(), type_)) return xml_node();
+               if (!node._root || node._root->parent != _root) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_node();
+
+               xml_node n(impl::allocate_node(alloc, type_));
+               if (!n) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::insert_node_before(n._root, node._root);
+               impl::node_copy_tree(n._root, proto._root);
+
+               return n;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::append_move(const xml_node& moved)
+       {
+               if (!impl::allow_move(*this, moved)) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_node();
+
+               // disable document_buffer_order optimization since moving nodes around changes document order without changing buffer pointers
+               impl::get_document(_root).header |= impl::xml_memory_page_contents_shared_mask;
+
+               impl::remove_node(moved._root);
+               impl::append_node(moved._root, _root);
+
+               return moved;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::prepend_move(const xml_node& moved)
+       {
+               if (!impl::allow_move(*this, moved)) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_node();
+
+               // disable document_buffer_order optimization since moving nodes around changes document order without changing buffer pointers
+               impl::get_document(_root).header |= impl::xml_memory_page_contents_shared_mask;
+
+               impl::remove_node(moved._root);
+               impl::prepend_node(moved._root, _root);
+
+               return moved;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::insert_move_after(const xml_node& moved, const xml_node& node)
+       {
+               if (!impl::allow_move(*this, moved)) return xml_node();
+               if (!node._root || node._root->parent != _root) return xml_node();
+               if (moved._root == node._root) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_node();
+
+               // disable document_buffer_order optimization since moving nodes around changes document order without changing buffer pointers
+               impl::get_document(_root).header |= impl::xml_memory_page_contents_shared_mask;
+
+               impl::remove_node(moved._root);
+               impl::insert_node_after(moved._root, node._root);
+
+               return moved;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::insert_move_before(const xml_node& moved, const xml_node& node)
+       {
+               if (!impl::allow_move(*this, moved)) return xml_node();
+               if (!node._root || node._root->parent != _root) return xml_node();
+               if (moved._root == node._root) return xml_node();
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return xml_node();
+
+               // disable document_buffer_order optimization since moving nodes around changes document order without changing buffer pointers
+               impl::get_document(_root).header |= impl::xml_memory_page_contents_shared_mask;
+
+               impl::remove_node(moved._root);
+               impl::insert_node_before(moved._root, node._root);
+
+               return moved;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::remove_attribute(const char_t* name_)
+       {
+               return remove_attribute(attribute(name_));
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::remove_attribute(const xml_attribute& a)
+       {
+               if (!_root || !a._attr) return false;
+               if (!impl::is_attribute_of(a._attr, _root)) return false;
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return false;
+
+               impl::remove_attribute(a._attr, _root);
+               impl::destroy_attribute(a._attr, alloc);
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::remove_child(const char_t* name_)
+       {
+               return remove_child(child(name_));
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::remove_child(const xml_node& n)
+       {
+               if (!_root || !n._root || n._root->parent != _root) return false;
+
+               impl::xml_allocator& alloc = impl::get_allocator(_root);
+               if (!alloc.reserve()) return false;
+
+               impl::remove_node(n._root);
+               impl::destroy_node(n._root, alloc);
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_result xml_node::append_buffer(const void* contents, size_t size, unsigned int options, xml_encoding encoding)
+       {
+               // append_buffer is only valid for elements/documents
+               if (!impl::allow_insert_child(type(), node_element)) return impl::make_parse_result(status_append_invalid_root);
+
+               // get document node
+               impl::xml_document_struct* doc = &impl::get_document(_root);
+
+               // disable document_buffer_order optimization since in a document with multiple buffers comparing buffer pointers does not make sense
+               doc->header |= impl::xml_memory_page_contents_shared_mask;
+
+               // get extra buffer element (we'll store the document fragment buffer there so that we can deallocate it later)
+               impl::xml_memory_page* page = 0;
+               impl::xml_extra_buffer* extra = static_cast<impl::xml_extra_buffer*>(doc->allocate_memory(sizeof(impl::xml_extra_buffer) + sizeof(void*), page));
+               (void)page;
+
+               if (!extra) return impl::make_parse_result(status_out_of_memory);
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+               // align the memory block to a pointer boundary; this is required for compact mode where memory allocations are only 4b aligned
+               // note that this requires up to sizeof(void*)-1 additional memory, which the allocation above takes into account
+               extra = reinterpret_cast<impl::xml_extra_buffer*>((reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(extra) + (sizeof(void*) - 1)) & ~(sizeof(void*) - 1));
+       #endif
+
+               // add extra buffer to the list
+               extra->buffer = 0;
+               extra->next = doc->extra_buffers;
+               doc->extra_buffers = extra;
+
+               // name of the root has to be NULL before parsing - otherwise closing node mismatches will not be detected at the top level
+               impl::name_null_sentry sentry(_root);
+
+               return impl::load_buffer_impl(doc, _root, const_cast<void*>(contents), size, options, encoding, false, false, &extra->buffer);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::find_child_by_attribute(const char_t* name_, const char_t* attr_name, const char_t* attr_value) const
+       {
+               if (!_root) return xml_node();
+
+               for (xml_node_struct* i = _root->first_child; i; i = i->next_sibling)
+                       if (i->name && impl::strequal(name_, i->name))
+                       {
+                               for (xml_attribute_struct* a = i->first_attribute; a; a = a->next_attribute)
+                                       if (a->name && impl::strequal(attr_name, a->name) && impl::strequal(attr_value, a->value ? a->value + 0 : PUGIXML_TEXT("")))
+                                               return xml_node(i);
+                       }
+
+               return xml_node();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::find_child_by_attribute(const char_t* attr_name, const char_t* attr_value) const
+       {
+               if (!_root) return xml_node();
+
+               for (xml_node_struct* i = _root->first_child; i; i = i->next_sibling)
+                       for (xml_attribute_struct* a = i->first_attribute; a; a = a->next_attribute)
+                               if (a->name && impl::strequal(attr_name, a->name) && impl::strequal(attr_value, a->value ? a->value + 0 : PUGIXML_TEXT("")))
+                                       return xml_node(i);
+
+               return xml_node();
+       }
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+       PUGI__FN string_t xml_node::path(char_t delimiter) const
+       {
+               if (!_root) return string_t();
+
+               size_t offset = 0;
+
+               for (xml_node_struct* i = _root; i; i = i->parent)
+               {
+                       offset += (i != _root);
+                       offset += i->name ? impl::strlength(i->name) : 0;
+               }
+
+               string_t result;
+               result.resize(offset);
+
+               for (xml_node_struct* j = _root; j; j = j->parent)
+               {
+                       if (j != _root)
+                               result[--offset] = delimiter;
+
+                       if (j->name)
+                       {
+                               size_t length = impl::strlength(j->name);
+
+                               offset -= length;
+                               memcpy(&result[offset], j->name, length * sizeof(char_t));
+                       }
+               }
+
+               assert(offset == 0);
+
+               return result;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_node::first_element_by_path(const char_t* path_, char_t delimiter) const
+       {
+               xml_node found = *this; // Current search context.
+
+               if (!_root || !path_[0]) return found;
+
+               if (path_[0] == delimiter)
+               {
+                       // Absolute path; e.g. '/foo/bar'
+                       found = found.root();
+                       ++path_;
+               }
+
+               const char_t* path_segment = path_;
+
+               while (*path_segment == delimiter) ++path_segment;
+
+               const char_t* path_segment_end = path_segment;
+
+               while (*path_segment_end && *path_segment_end != delimiter) ++path_segment_end;
+
+               if (path_segment == path_segment_end) return found;
+
+               const char_t* next_segment = path_segment_end;
+
+               while (*next_segment == delimiter) ++next_segment;
+
+               if (*path_segment == '.' && path_segment + 1 == path_segment_end)
+                       return found.first_element_by_path(next_segment, delimiter);
+               else if (*path_segment == '.' && *(path_segment+1) == '.' && path_segment + 2 == path_segment_end)
+                       return found.parent().first_element_by_path(next_segment, delimiter);
+               else
+               {
+                       for (xml_node_struct* j = found._root->first_child; j; j = j->next_sibling)
+                       {
+                               if (j->name && impl::strequalrange(j->name, path_segment, static_cast<size_t>(path_segment_end - path_segment)))
+                               {
+                                       xml_node subsearch = xml_node(j).first_element_by_path(next_segment, delimiter);
+
+                                       if (subsearch) return subsearch;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       return xml_node();
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node::traverse(xml_tree_walker& walker)
+       {
+               walker._depth = -1;
+
+               xml_node arg_begin(_root);
+               if (!walker.begin(arg_begin)) return false;
+
+               xml_node_struct* cur = _root ? _root->first_child + 0 : 0;
+
+               if (cur)
+               {
+                       ++walker._depth;
+
+                       do
+                       {
+                               xml_node arg_for_each(cur);
+                               if (!walker.for_each(arg_for_each))
+                                       return false;
+
+                               if (cur->first_child)
+                               {
+                                       ++walker._depth;
+                                       cur = cur->first_child;
+                               }
+                               else if (cur->next_sibling)
+                                       cur = cur->next_sibling;
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       while (!cur->next_sibling && cur != _root && cur->parent)
+                                       {
+                                               --walker._depth;
+                                               cur = cur->parent;
+                                       }
+
+                                       if (cur != _root)
+                                               cur = cur->next_sibling;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       while (cur && cur != _root);
+               }
+
+               assert(walker._depth == -1);
+
+               xml_node arg_end(_root);
+               return walker.end(arg_end);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN size_t xml_node::hash_value() const
+       {
+               return static_cast<size_t>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(_root) / sizeof(xml_node_struct));
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node_struct* xml_node::internal_object() const
+       {
+               return _root;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void xml_node::print(xml_writer& writer, const char_t* indent, unsigned int flags, xml_encoding encoding, unsigned int depth) const
+       {
+               if (!_root) return;
+
+               impl::xml_buffered_writer buffered_writer(writer, encoding);
+
+               impl::node_output(buffered_writer, _root, indent, flags, depth);
+
+               buffered_writer.flush();
+       }
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+       PUGI__FN void xml_node::print(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& stream, const char_t* indent, unsigned int flags, xml_encoding encoding, unsigned int depth) const
+       {
+               xml_writer_stream writer(stream);
+
+               print(writer, indent, flags, encoding, depth);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void xml_node::print(std::basic_ostream<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t> >& stream, const char_t* indent, unsigned int flags, unsigned int depth) const
+       {
+               xml_writer_stream writer(stream);
+
+               print(writer, indent, flags, encoding_wchar, depth);
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN ptrdiff_t xml_node::offset_debug() const
+       {
+               if (!_root) return -1;
+
+               impl::xml_document_struct& doc = impl::get_document(_root);
+
+               // we can determine the offset reliably only if there is exactly once parse buffer
+               if (!doc.buffer || doc.extra_buffers) return -1;
+
+               switch (type())
+               {
+               case node_document:
+                       return 0;
+
+               case node_element:
+               case node_declaration:
+               case node_pi:
+                       return _root->name && (_root->header & impl::xml_memory_page_name_allocated_or_shared_mask) == 0 ? _root->name - doc.buffer : -1;
+
+               case node_pcdata:
+               case node_cdata:
+               case node_comment:
+               case node_doctype:
+                       return _root->value && (_root->header & impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_or_shared_mask) == 0 ? _root->value - doc.buffer : -1;
+
+               default:
+                       assert(false && "Invalid node type"); // unreachable
+                       return -1;
+               }
+       }
+
+#ifdef __BORLANDC__
+       PUGI__FN bool operator&&(const xml_node& lhs, bool rhs)
+       {
+               return (bool)lhs && rhs;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool operator||(const xml_node& lhs, bool rhs)
+       {
+               return (bool)lhs || rhs;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_text::xml_text(xml_node_struct* root): _root(root)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node_struct* xml_text::_data() const
+       {
+               if (!_root || impl::is_text_node(_root)) return _root;
+
+               // element nodes can have value if parse_embed_pcdata was used
+               if (PUGI__NODETYPE(_root) == node_element && _root->value)
+                       return _root;
+
+               for (xml_node_struct* node = _root->first_child; node; node = node->next_sibling)
+                       if (impl::is_text_node(node))
+                               return node;
+
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node_struct* xml_text::_data_new()
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* d = _data();
+               if (d) return d;
+
+               return xml_node(_root).append_child(node_pcdata).internal_object();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_text::xml_text(): _root(0)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN static void unspecified_bool_xml_text(xml_text***)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_text::operator xml_text::unspecified_bool_type() const
+       {
+               return _data() ? unspecified_bool_xml_text : 0;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_text::operator!() const
+       {
+               return !_data();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_text::empty() const
+       {
+               return _data() == 0;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* xml_text::get() const
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* d = _data();
+
+               return (d && d->value) ? d->value + 0 : PUGIXML_TEXT("");
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* xml_text::as_string(const char_t* def) const
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* d = _data();
+
+               return (d && d->value) ? d->value + 0 : def;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN int xml_text::as_int(int def) const
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* d = _data();
+
+               return (d && d->value) ? impl::get_value_int(d->value) : def;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN unsigned int xml_text::as_uint(unsigned int def) const
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* d = _data();
+
+               return (d && d->value) ? impl::get_value_uint(d->value) : def;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN double xml_text::as_double(double def) const
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* d = _data();
+
+               return (d && d->value) ? impl::get_value_double(d->value) : def;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN float xml_text::as_float(float def) const
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* d = _data();
+
+               return (d && d->value) ? impl::get_value_float(d->value) : def;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_text::as_bool(bool def) const
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* d = _data();
+
+               return (d && d->value) ? impl::get_value_bool(d->value) : def;
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+       PUGI__FN long long xml_text::as_llong(long long def) const
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* d = _data();
+
+               return (d && d->value) ? impl::get_value_llong(d->value) : def;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN unsigned long long xml_text::as_ullong(unsigned long long def) const
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* d = _data();
+
+               return (d && d->value) ? impl::get_value_ullong(d->value) : def;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_text::set(const char_t* rhs)
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* dn = _data_new();
+
+               return dn ? impl::strcpy_insitu(dn->value, dn->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, impl::strlength(rhs)) : false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_text::set(int rhs)
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* dn = _data_new();
+
+               return dn ? impl::set_value_integer<unsigned int>(dn->value, dn->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, rhs < 0) : false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_text::set(unsigned int rhs)
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* dn = _data_new();
+
+               return dn ? impl::set_value_integer<unsigned int>(dn->value, dn->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, false) : false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_text::set(long rhs)
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* dn = _data_new();
+
+               return dn ? impl::set_value_integer<unsigned long>(dn->value, dn->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, rhs < 0) : false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_text::set(unsigned long rhs)
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* dn = _data_new();
+
+               return dn ? impl::set_value_integer<unsigned long>(dn->value, dn->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, false) : false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_text::set(float rhs)
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* dn = _data_new();
+
+               return dn ? impl::set_value_convert(dn->value, dn->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs) : false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_text::set(double rhs)
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* dn = _data_new();
+
+               return dn ? impl::set_value_convert(dn->value, dn->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs) : false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_text::set(bool rhs)
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* dn = _data_new();
+
+               return dn ? impl::set_value_bool(dn->value, dn->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs) : false;
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_text::set(long long rhs)
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* dn = _data_new();
+
+               return dn ? impl::set_value_integer<unsigned long long>(dn->value, dn->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, rhs < 0) : false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_text::set(unsigned long long rhs)
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* dn = _data_new();
+
+               return dn ? impl::set_value_integer<unsigned long long>(dn->value, dn->header, impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_mask, rhs, false) : false;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_text& xml_text::operator=(const char_t* rhs)
+       {
+               set(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_text& xml_text::operator=(int rhs)
+       {
+               set(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_text& xml_text::operator=(unsigned int rhs)
+       {
+               set(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_text& xml_text::operator=(long rhs)
+       {
+               set(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_text& xml_text::operator=(unsigned long rhs)
+       {
+               set(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_text& xml_text::operator=(double rhs)
+       {
+               set(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_text& xml_text::operator=(float rhs)
+       {
+               set(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_text& xml_text::operator=(bool rhs)
+       {
+               set(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+       PUGI__FN xml_text& xml_text::operator=(long long rhs)
+       {
+               set(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_text& xml_text::operator=(unsigned long long rhs)
+       {
+               set(rhs);
+               return *this;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_text::data() const
+       {
+               return xml_node(_data());
+       }
+
+#ifdef __BORLANDC__
+       PUGI__FN bool operator&&(const xml_text& lhs, bool rhs)
+       {
+               return (bool)lhs && rhs;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool operator||(const xml_text& lhs, bool rhs)
+       {
+               return (bool)lhs || rhs;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node_iterator::xml_node_iterator()
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node_iterator::xml_node_iterator(const xml_node& node): _wrap(node), _parent(node.parent())
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node_iterator::xml_node_iterator(xml_node_struct* ref, xml_node_struct* parent): _wrap(ref), _parent(parent)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node_iterator::operator==(const xml_node_iterator& rhs) const
+       {
+               return _wrap._root == rhs._wrap._root && _parent._root == rhs._parent._root;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_node_iterator::operator!=(const xml_node_iterator& rhs) const
+       {
+               return _wrap._root != rhs._wrap._root || _parent._root != rhs._parent._root;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node& xml_node_iterator::operator*() const
+       {
+               assert(_wrap._root);
+               return _wrap;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node* xml_node_iterator::operator->() const
+       {
+               assert(_wrap._root);
+               return const_cast<xml_node*>(&_wrap); // BCC5 workaround
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const xml_node_iterator& xml_node_iterator::operator++()
+       {
+               assert(_wrap._root);
+               _wrap._root = _wrap._root->next_sibling;
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node_iterator xml_node_iterator::operator++(int)
+       {
+               xml_node_iterator temp = *this;
+               ++*this;
+               return temp;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const xml_node_iterator& xml_node_iterator::operator--()
+       {
+               _wrap = _wrap._root ? _wrap.previous_sibling() : _parent.last_child();
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node_iterator xml_node_iterator::operator--(int)
+       {
+               xml_node_iterator temp = *this;
+               --*this;
+               return temp;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute_iterator::xml_attribute_iterator()
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute_iterator::xml_attribute_iterator(const xml_attribute& attr, const xml_node& parent): _wrap(attr), _parent(parent)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute_iterator::xml_attribute_iterator(xml_attribute_struct* ref, xml_node_struct* parent): _wrap(ref), _parent(parent)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute_iterator::operator==(const xml_attribute_iterator& rhs) const
+       {
+               return _wrap._attr == rhs._wrap._attr && _parent._root == rhs._parent._root;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_attribute_iterator::operator!=(const xml_attribute_iterator& rhs) const
+       {
+               return _wrap._attr != rhs._wrap._attr || _parent._root != rhs._parent._root;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute& xml_attribute_iterator::operator*() const
+       {
+               assert(_wrap._attr);
+               return _wrap;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute* xml_attribute_iterator::operator->() const
+       {
+               assert(_wrap._attr);
+               return const_cast<xml_attribute*>(&_wrap); // BCC5 workaround
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const xml_attribute_iterator& xml_attribute_iterator::operator++()
+       {
+               assert(_wrap._attr);
+               _wrap._attr = _wrap._attr->next_attribute;
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute_iterator xml_attribute_iterator::operator++(int)
+       {
+               xml_attribute_iterator temp = *this;
+               ++*this;
+               return temp;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const xml_attribute_iterator& xml_attribute_iterator::operator--()
+       {
+               _wrap = _wrap._attr ? _wrap.previous_attribute() : _parent.last_attribute();
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute_iterator xml_attribute_iterator::operator--(int)
+       {
+               xml_attribute_iterator temp = *this;
+               --*this;
+               return temp;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_named_node_iterator::xml_named_node_iterator(): _name(0)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_named_node_iterator::xml_named_node_iterator(const xml_node& node, const char_t* name): _wrap(node), _parent(node.parent()), _name(name)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_named_node_iterator::xml_named_node_iterator(xml_node_struct* ref, xml_node_struct* parent, const char_t* name): _wrap(ref), _parent(parent), _name(name)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_named_node_iterator::operator==(const xml_named_node_iterator& rhs) const
+       {
+               return _wrap._root == rhs._wrap._root && _parent._root == rhs._parent._root;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_named_node_iterator::operator!=(const xml_named_node_iterator& rhs) const
+       {
+               return _wrap._root != rhs._wrap._root || _parent._root != rhs._parent._root;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node& xml_named_node_iterator::operator*() const
+       {
+               assert(_wrap._root);
+               return _wrap;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node* xml_named_node_iterator::operator->() const
+       {
+               assert(_wrap._root);
+               return const_cast<xml_node*>(&_wrap); // BCC5 workaround
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const xml_named_node_iterator& xml_named_node_iterator::operator++()
+       {
+               assert(_wrap._root);
+               _wrap = _wrap.next_sibling(_name);
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_named_node_iterator xml_named_node_iterator::operator++(int)
+       {
+               xml_named_node_iterator temp = *this;
+               ++*this;
+               return temp;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const xml_named_node_iterator& xml_named_node_iterator::operator--()
+       {
+               if (_wrap._root)
+                       _wrap = _wrap.previous_sibling(_name);
+               else
+               {
+                       _wrap = _parent.last_child();
+
+                       if (!impl::strequal(_wrap.name(), _name))
+                               _wrap = _wrap.previous_sibling(_name);
+               }
+
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_named_node_iterator xml_named_node_iterator::operator--(int)
+       {
+               xml_named_node_iterator temp = *this;
+               --*this;
+               return temp;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_result::xml_parse_result(): status(status_internal_error), offset(0), encoding(encoding_auto)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_result::operator bool() const
+       {
+               return status == status_ok;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char* xml_parse_result::description() const
+       {
+               switch (status)
+               {
+               case status_ok: return "No error";
+
+               case status_file_not_found: return "File was not found";
+               case status_io_error: return "Error reading from file/stream";
+               case status_out_of_memory: return "Could not allocate memory";
+               case status_internal_error: return "Internal error occurred";
+
+               case status_unrecognized_tag: return "Could not determine tag type";
+
+               case status_bad_pi: return "Error parsing document declaration/processing instruction";
+               case status_bad_comment: return "Error parsing comment";
+               case status_bad_cdata: return "Error parsing CDATA section";
+               case status_bad_doctype: return "Error parsing document type declaration";
+               case status_bad_pcdata: return "Error parsing PCDATA section";
+               case status_bad_start_element: return "Error parsing start element tag";
+               case status_bad_attribute: return "Error parsing element attribute";
+               case status_bad_end_element: return "Error parsing end element tag";
+               case status_end_element_mismatch: return "Start-end tags mismatch";
+
+               case status_append_invalid_root: return "Unable to append nodes: root is not an element or document";
+
+               case status_no_document_element: return "No document element found";
+
+               default: return "Unknown error";
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_document::xml_document(): _buffer(0)
+       {
+               _create();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_document::~xml_document()
+       {
+               _destroy();
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_MOVE
+       PUGI__FN xml_document::xml_document(xml_document&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT_IF_NOT_COMPACT: _buffer(0)
+       {
+               _create();
+               _move(rhs);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_document& xml_document::operator=(xml_document&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT_IF_NOT_COMPACT
+       {
+               if (this == &rhs) return *this;
+
+               _destroy();
+               _create();
+               _move(rhs);
+
+               return *this;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN void xml_document::reset()
+       {
+               _destroy();
+               _create();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void xml_document::reset(const xml_document& proto)
+       {
+               reset();
+
+               for (xml_node cur = proto.first_child(); cur; cur = cur.next_sibling())
+                       append_copy(cur);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void xml_document::_create()
+       {
+               assert(!_root);
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+               // space for page marker for the first page (uint32_t), rounded up to pointer size; assumes pointers are at least 32-bit
+               const size_t page_offset = sizeof(void*);
+       #else
+               const size_t page_offset = 0;
+       #endif
+
+               // initialize sentinel page
+               PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(impl::xml_memory_page) + sizeof(impl::xml_document_struct) + page_offset <= sizeof(_memory));
+
+               // prepare page structure
+               impl::xml_memory_page* page = impl::xml_memory_page::construct(_memory);
+               assert(page);
+
+               page->busy_size = impl::xml_memory_page_size;
+
+               // setup first page marker
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+               // round-trip through void* to avoid 'cast increases required alignment of target type' warning
+               page->compact_page_marker = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(static_cast<void*>(reinterpret_cast<char*>(page) + sizeof(impl::xml_memory_page)));
+               *page->compact_page_marker = sizeof(impl::xml_memory_page);
+       #endif
+
+               // allocate new root
+               _root = new (reinterpret_cast<char*>(page) + sizeof(impl::xml_memory_page) + page_offset) impl::xml_document_struct(page);
+               _root->prev_sibling_c = _root;
+
+               // setup sentinel page
+               page->allocator = static_cast<impl::xml_document_struct*>(_root);
+
+               // setup hash table pointer in allocator
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+               page->allocator->_hash = &static_cast<impl::xml_document_struct*>(_root)->hash;
+       #endif
+
+               // verify the document allocation
+               assert(reinterpret_cast<char*>(_root) + sizeof(impl::xml_document_struct) <= _memory + sizeof(_memory));
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void xml_document::_destroy()
+       {
+               assert(_root);
+
+               // destroy static storage
+               if (_buffer)
+               {
+                       impl::xml_memory::deallocate(_buffer);
+                       _buffer = 0;
+               }
+
+               // destroy extra buffers (note: no need to destroy linked list nodes, they're allocated using document allocator)
+               for (impl::xml_extra_buffer* extra = static_cast<impl::xml_document_struct*>(_root)->extra_buffers; extra; extra = extra->next)
+               {
+                       if (extra->buffer) impl::xml_memory::deallocate(extra->buffer);
+               }
+
+               // destroy dynamic storage, leave sentinel page (it's in static memory)
+               impl::xml_memory_page* root_page = PUGI__GETPAGE(_root);
+               assert(root_page && !root_page->prev);
+               assert(reinterpret_cast<char*>(root_page) >= _memory && reinterpret_cast<char*>(root_page) < _memory + sizeof(_memory));
+
+               for (impl::xml_memory_page* page = root_page->next; page; )
+               {
+                       impl::xml_memory_page* next = page->next;
+
+                       impl::xml_allocator::deallocate_page(page);
+
+                       page = next;
+               }
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+               // destroy hash table
+               static_cast<impl::xml_document_struct*>(_root)->hash.clear();
+       #endif
+
+               _root = 0;
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_MOVE
+       PUGI__FN void xml_document::_move(xml_document& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT_IF_NOT_COMPACT
+       {
+               impl::xml_document_struct* doc = static_cast<impl::xml_document_struct*>(_root);
+               impl::xml_document_struct* other = static_cast<impl::xml_document_struct*>(rhs._root);
+
+               // save first child pointer for later; this needs hash access
+               xml_node_struct* other_first_child = other->first_child;
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+               // reserve space for the hash table up front; this is the only operation that can fail
+               // if it does, we have no choice but to throw (if we have exceptions)
+               if (other_first_child)
+               {
+                       size_t other_children = 0;
+                       for (xml_node_struct* node = other_first_child; node; node = node->next_sibling)
+                               other_children++;
+
+                       // in compact mode, each pointer assignment could result in a hash table request
+                       // during move, we have to relocate document first_child and parents of all children
+                       // normally there's just one child and its parent has a pointerless encoding but
+                       // we assume the worst here
+                       if (!other->_hash->reserve(other_children + 1))
+                       {
+                       #ifdef PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+                               return;
+                       #else
+                               throw std::bad_alloc();
+                       #endif
+                       }
+               }
+       #endif
+
+               // move allocation state
+               doc->_root = other->_root;
+               doc->_busy_size = other->_busy_size;
+
+               // move buffer state
+               doc->buffer = other->buffer;
+               doc->extra_buffers = other->extra_buffers;
+               _buffer = rhs._buffer;
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+               // move compact hash; note that the hash table can have pointers to other but they will be "inactive", similarly to nodes removed with remove_child
+               doc->hash = other->hash;
+               doc->_hash = &doc->hash;
+
+               // make sure we don't access other hash up until the end when we reinitialize other document
+               other->_hash = 0;
+       #endif
+
+               // move page structure
+               impl::xml_memory_page* doc_page = PUGI__GETPAGE(doc);
+               assert(doc_page && !doc_page->prev && !doc_page->next);
+
+               impl::xml_memory_page* other_page = PUGI__GETPAGE(other);
+               assert(other_page && !other_page->prev);
+
+               // relink pages since root page is embedded into xml_document
+               if (impl::xml_memory_page* page = other_page->next)
+               {
+                       assert(page->prev == other_page);
+
+                       page->prev = doc_page;
+
+                       doc_page->next = page;
+                       other_page->next = 0;
+               }
+
+               // make sure pages point to the correct document state
+               for (impl::xml_memory_page* page = doc_page->next; page; page = page->next)
+               {
+                       assert(page->allocator == other);
+
+                       page->allocator = doc;
+
+               #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+                       // this automatically migrates most children between documents and prevents ->parent assignment from allocating
+                       if (page->compact_shared_parent == other)
+                               page->compact_shared_parent = doc;
+               #endif
+               }
+
+               // move tree structure
+               assert(!doc->first_child);
+
+               doc->first_child = other_first_child;
+
+               for (xml_node_struct* node = other_first_child; node; node = node->next_sibling)
+               {
+               #ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+                       // most children will have migrated when we reassigned compact_shared_parent
+                       assert(node->parent == other || node->parent == doc);
+
+                       node->parent = doc;
+               #else
+                       assert(node->parent == other);
+                       node->parent = doc;
+               #endif
+               }
+
+               // reset other document
+               new (other) impl::xml_document_struct(PUGI__GETPAGE(other));
+               rhs._buffer = 0;
+       }
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_result xml_document::load(std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& stream, unsigned int options, xml_encoding encoding)
+       {
+               reset();
+
+               return impl::load_stream_impl(static_cast<impl::xml_document_struct*>(_root), stream, options, encoding, &_buffer);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_result xml_document::load(std::basic_istream<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t> >& stream, unsigned int options)
+       {
+               reset();
+
+               return impl::load_stream_impl(static_cast<impl::xml_document_struct*>(_root), stream, options, encoding_wchar, &_buffer);
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_result xml_document::load_string(const char_t* contents, unsigned int options)
+       {
+               // Force native encoding (skip autodetection)
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+               xml_encoding encoding = encoding_wchar;
+       #else
+               xml_encoding encoding = encoding_utf8;
+       #endif
+
+               return load_buffer(contents, impl::strlength(contents) * sizeof(char_t), options, encoding);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_result xml_document::load(const char_t* contents, unsigned int options)
+       {
+               return load_string(contents, options);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_result xml_document::load_file(const char* path_, unsigned int options, xml_encoding encoding)
+       {
+               reset();
+
+               using impl::auto_deleter; // MSVC7 workaround
+               auto_deleter<FILE> file(fopen(path_, "rb"), impl::close_file);
+
+               return impl::load_file_impl(static_cast<impl::xml_document_struct*>(_root), file.data, options, encoding, &_buffer);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_result xml_document::load_file(const wchar_t* path_, unsigned int options, xml_encoding encoding)
+       {
+               reset();
+
+               using impl::auto_deleter; // MSVC7 workaround
+               auto_deleter<FILE> file(impl::open_file_wide(path_, L"rb"), impl::close_file);
+
+               return impl::load_file_impl(static_cast<impl::xml_document_struct*>(_root), file.data, options, encoding, &_buffer);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_result xml_document::load_buffer(const void* contents, size_t size, unsigned int options, xml_encoding encoding)
+       {
+               reset();
+
+               return impl::load_buffer_impl(static_cast<impl::xml_document_struct*>(_root), _root, const_cast<void*>(contents), size, options, encoding, false, false, &_buffer);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_result xml_document::load_buffer_inplace(void* contents, size_t size, unsigned int options, xml_encoding encoding)
+       {
+               reset();
+
+               return impl::load_buffer_impl(static_cast<impl::xml_document_struct*>(_root), _root, contents, size, options, encoding, true, false, &_buffer);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_parse_result xml_document::load_buffer_inplace_own(void* contents, size_t size, unsigned int options, xml_encoding encoding)
+       {
+               reset();
+
+               return impl::load_buffer_impl(static_cast<impl::xml_document_struct*>(_root), _root, contents, size, options, encoding, true, true, &_buffer);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void xml_document::save(xml_writer& writer, const char_t* indent, unsigned int flags, xml_encoding encoding) const
+       {
+               impl::xml_buffered_writer buffered_writer(writer, encoding);
+
+               if ((flags & format_write_bom) && encoding != encoding_latin1)
+               {
+                       // BOM always represents the codepoint U+FEFF, so just write it in native encoding
+               #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+                       unsigned int bom = 0xfeff;
+                       buffered_writer.write(static_cast<wchar_t>(bom));
+               #else
+                       buffered_writer.write('\xef', '\xbb', '\xbf');
+               #endif
+               }
+
+               if (!(flags & format_no_declaration) && !impl::has_declaration(_root))
+               {
+                       buffered_writer.write_string(PUGIXML_TEXT("<?xml version=\"1.0\""));
+                       if (encoding == encoding_latin1) buffered_writer.write_string(PUGIXML_TEXT(" encoding=\"ISO-8859-1\""));
+                       buffered_writer.write('?', '>');
+                       if (!(flags & format_raw)) buffered_writer.write('\n');
+               }
+
+               impl::node_output(buffered_writer, _root, indent, flags, 0);
+
+               buffered_writer.flush();
+       }
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+       PUGI__FN void xml_document::save(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& stream, const char_t* indent, unsigned int flags, xml_encoding encoding) const
+       {
+               xml_writer_stream writer(stream);
+
+               save(writer, indent, flags, encoding);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void xml_document::save(std::basic_ostream<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t> >& stream, const char_t* indent, unsigned int flags) const
+       {
+               xml_writer_stream writer(stream);
+
+               save(writer, indent, flags, encoding_wchar);
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_document::save_file(const char* path_, const char_t* indent, unsigned int flags, xml_encoding encoding) const
+       {
+               using impl::auto_deleter; // MSVC7 workaround
+               auto_deleter<FILE> file(fopen(path_, (flags & format_save_file_text) ? "w" : "wb"), impl::close_file);
+
+               return impl::save_file_impl(*this, file.data, indent, flags, encoding);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xml_document::save_file(const wchar_t* path_, const char_t* indent, unsigned int flags, xml_encoding encoding) const
+       {
+               using impl::auto_deleter; // MSVC7 workaround
+               auto_deleter<FILE> file(impl::open_file_wide(path_, (flags & format_save_file_text) ? L"w" : L"wb"), impl::close_file);
+
+               return impl::save_file_impl(*this, file.data, indent, flags, encoding);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xml_document::document_element() const
+       {
+               assert(_root);
+
+               for (xml_node_struct* i = _root->first_child; i; i = i->next_sibling)
+                       if (PUGI__NODETYPE(i) == node_element)
+                               return xml_node(i);
+
+               return xml_node();
+       }
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+       PUGI__FN std::string PUGIXML_FUNCTION as_utf8(const wchar_t* str)
+       {
+               assert(str);
+
+               return impl::as_utf8_impl(str, impl::strlength_wide(str));
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN std::string PUGIXML_FUNCTION as_utf8(const std::basic_string<wchar_t>& str)
+       {
+               return impl::as_utf8_impl(str.c_str(), str.size());
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN std::basic_string<wchar_t> PUGIXML_FUNCTION as_wide(const char* str)
+       {
+               assert(str);
+
+               return impl::as_wide_impl(str, strlen(str));
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN std::basic_string<wchar_t> PUGIXML_FUNCTION as_wide(const std::string& str)
+       {
+               return impl::as_wide_impl(str.c_str(), str.size());
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN void PUGIXML_FUNCTION set_memory_management_functions(allocation_function allocate, deallocation_function deallocate)
+       {
+               impl::xml_memory::allocate = allocate;
+               impl::xml_memory::deallocate = deallocate;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN allocation_function PUGIXML_FUNCTION get_memory_allocation_function()
+       {
+               return impl::xml_memory::allocate;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN deallocation_function PUGIXML_FUNCTION get_memory_deallocation_function()
+       {
+               return impl::xml_memory::deallocate;
+       }
+}
+
+#if !defined(PUGIXML_NO_STL) && (defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__ICC))
+namespace std
+{
+       // Workarounds for (non-standard) iterator category detection for older versions (MSVC7/IC8 and earlier)
+       PUGI__FN std::bidirectional_iterator_tag _Iter_cat(const pugi::xml_node_iterator&)
+       {
+               return std::bidirectional_iterator_tag();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN std::bidirectional_iterator_tag _Iter_cat(const pugi::xml_attribute_iterator&)
+       {
+               return std::bidirectional_iterator_tag();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN std::bidirectional_iterator_tag _Iter_cat(const pugi::xml_named_node_iterator&)
+       {
+               return std::bidirectional_iterator_tag();
+       }
+}
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(PUGIXML_NO_STL) && defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
+namespace std
+{
+       // Workarounds for (non-standard) iterator category detection
+       PUGI__FN std::bidirectional_iterator_tag __iterator_category(const pugi::xml_node_iterator&)
+       {
+               return std::bidirectional_iterator_tag();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN std::bidirectional_iterator_tag __iterator_category(const pugi::xml_attribute_iterator&)
+       {
+               return std::bidirectional_iterator_tag();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN std::bidirectional_iterator_tag __iterator_category(const pugi::xml_named_node_iterator&)
+       {
+               return std::bidirectional_iterator_tag();
+       }
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_XPATH
+// STL replacements
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       struct equal_to
+       {
+               template <typename T> bool operator()(const T& lhs, const T& rhs) const
+               {
+                       return lhs == rhs;
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct not_equal_to
+       {
+               template <typename T> bool operator()(const T& lhs, const T& rhs) const
+               {
+                       return lhs != rhs;
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct less
+       {
+               template <typename T> bool operator()(const T& lhs, const T& rhs) const
+               {
+                       return lhs < rhs;
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct less_equal
+       {
+               template <typename T> bool operator()(const T& lhs, const T& rhs) const
+               {
+                       return lhs <= rhs;
+               }
+       };
+
+       template <typename T> void swap(T& lhs, T& rhs)
+       {
+               T temp = lhs;
+               lhs = rhs;
+               rhs = temp;
+       }
+
+       template <typename I, typename Pred> I min_element(I begin, I end, const Pred& pred)
+       {
+               I result = begin;
+
+               for (I it = begin + 1; it != end; ++it)
+                       if (pred(*it, *result))
+                               result = it;
+
+               return result;
+       }
+
+       template <typename I> void reverse(I begin, I end)
+       {
+               while (end - begin > 1) swap(*begin++, *--end);
+       }
+
+       template <typename I> I unique(I begin, I end)
+       {
+               // fast skip head
+               while (end - begin > 1 && *begin != *(begin + 1)) begin++;
+
+               if (begin == end) return begin;
+
+               // last written element
+               I write = begin++;
+
+               // merge unique elements
+               while (begin != end)
+               {
+                       if (*begin != *write)
+                               *++write = *begin++;
+                       else
+                               begin++;
+               }
+
+               // past-the-end (write points to live element)
+               return write + 1;
+       }
+
+       template <typename T, typename Pred> void insertion_sort(T* begin, T* end, const Pred& pred)
+       {
+               if (begin == end)
+                       return;
+
+               for (T* it = begin + 1; it != end; ++it)
+               {
+                       T val = *it;
+                       T* hole = it;
+
+                       // move hole backwards
+                       while (hole > begin && pred(val, *(hole - 1)))
+                       {
+                               *hole = *(hole - 1);
+                               hole--;
+                       }
+
+                       // fill hole with element
+                       *hole = val;
+               }
+       }
+
+       template <typename I, typename Pred> I median3(I first, I middle, I last, const Pred& pred)
+       {
+               if (pred(*middle, *first)) swap(middle, first);
+               if (pred(*last, *middle)) swap(last, middle);
+               if (pred(*middle, *first)) swap(middle, first);
+
+               return middle;
+       }
+
+       template <typename T, typename Pred> void partition3(T* begin, T* end, T pivot, const Pred& pred, T** out_eqbeg, T** out_eqend)
+       {
+               // invariant: array is split into 4 groups: = < ? > (each variable denotes the boundary between the groups)
+               T* eq = begin;
+               T* lt = begin;
+               T* gt = end;
+
+               while (lt < gt)
+               {
+                       if (pred(*lt, pivot))
+                               lt++;
+                       else if (*lt == pivot)
+                               swap(*eq++, *lt++);
+                       else
+                               swap(*lt, *--gt);
+               }
+
+               // we now have just 4 groups: = < >; move equal elements to the middle
+               T* eqbeg = gt;
+
+               for (T* it = begin; it != eq; ++it)
+                       swap(*it, *--eqbeg);
+
+               *out_eqbeg = eqbeg;
+               *out_eqend = gt;
+       }
+
+       template <typename I, typename Pred> void sort(I begin, I end, const Pred& pred)
+       {
+               // sort large chunks
+               while (end - begin > 16)
+               {
+                       // find median element
+                       I middle = begin + (end - begin) / 2;
+                       I median = median3(begin, middle, end - 1, pred);
+
+                       // partition in three chunks (< = >)
+                       I eqbeg, eqend;
+                       partition3(begin, end, *median, pred, &eqbeg, &eqend);
+
+                       // loop on larger half
+                       if (eqbeg - begin > end - eqend)
+                       {
+                               sort(eqend, end, pred);
+                               end = eqbeg;
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               sort(begin, eqbeg, pred);
+                               begin = eqend;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               // insertion sort small chunk
+               insertion_sort(begin, end, pred);
+       }
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+// Allocator used for AST and evaluation stacks
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       static const size_t xpath_memory_page_size =
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_MEMORY_XPATH_PAGE_SIZE
+               PUGIXML_MEMORY_XPATH_PAGE_SIZE
+       #else
+               4096
+       #endif
+               ;
+
+       static const uintptr_t xpath_memory_block_alignment = sizeof(double) > sizeof(void*) ? sizeof(double) : sizeof(void*);
+
+       struct xpath_memory_block
+       {
+               xpath_memory_block* next;
+               size_t capacity;
+
+               union
+               {
+                       char data[xpath_memory_page_size];
+                       double alignment;
+               };
+       };
+
+       struct xpath_allocator
+       {
+               xpath_memory_block* _root;
+               size_t _root_size;
+               bool* _error;
+
+               xpath_allocator(xpath_memory_block* root, bool* error = 0): _root(root), _root_size(0), _error(error)
+               {
+               }
+
+               void* allocate(size_t size)
+               {
+                       // round size up to block alignment boundary
+                       size = (size + xpath_memory_block_alignment - 1) & ~(xpath_memory_block_alignment - 1);
+
+                       if (_root_size + size <= _root->capacity)
+                       {
+                               void* buf = &_root->data[0] + _root_size;
+                               _root_size += size;
+                               return buf;
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               // make sure we have at least 1/4th of the page free after allocation to satisfy subsequent allocation requests
+                               size_t block_capacity_base = sizeof(_root->data);
+                               size_t block_capacity_req = size + block_capacity_base / 4;
+                               size_t block_capacity = (block_capacity_base > block_capacity_req) ? block_capacity_base : block_capacity_req;
+
+                               size_t block_size = block_capacity + offsetof(xpath_memory_block, data);
+
+                               xpath_memory_block* block = static_cast<xpath_memory_block*>(xml_memory::allocate(block_size));
+                               if (!block)
+                               {
+                                       if (_error) *_error = true;
+                                       return 0;
+                               }
+
+                               block->next = _root;
+                               block->capacity = block_capacity;
+
+                               _root = block;
+                               _root_size = size;
+
+                               return block->data;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               void* reallocate(void* ptr, size_t old_size, size_t new_size)
+               {
+                       // round size up to block alignment boundary
+                       old_size = (old_size + xpath_memory_block_alignment - 1) & ~(xpath_memory_block_alignment - 1);
+                       new_size = (new_size + xpath_memory_block_alignment - 1) & ~(xpath_memory_block_alignment - 1);
+
+                       // we can only reallocate the last object
+                       assert(ptr == 0 || static_cast<char*>(ptr) + old_size == &_root->data[0] + _root_size);
+
+                       // try to reallocate the object inplace
+                       if (ptr && _root_size - old_size + new_size <= _root->capacity)
+                       {
+                               _root_size = _root_size - old_size + new_size;
+                               return ptr;
+                       }
+
+                       // allocate a new block
+                       void* result = allocate(new_size);
+                       if (!result) return 0;
+
+                       // we have a new block
+                       if (ptr)
+                       {
+                               // copy old data (we only support growing)
+                               assert(new_size >= old_size);
+                               memcpy(result, ptr, old_size);
+
+                               // free the previous page if it had no other objects
+                               assert(_root->data == result);
+                               assert(_root->next);
+
+                               if (_root->next->data == ptr)
+                               {
+                                       // deallocate the whole page, unless it was the first one
+                                       xpath_memory_block* next = _root->next->next;
+
+                                       if (next)
+                                       {
+                                               xml_memory::deallocate(_root->next);
+                                               _root->next = next;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       return result;
+               }
+
+               void revert(const xpath_allocator& state)
+               {
+                       // free all new pages
+                       xpath_memory_block* cur = _root;
+
+                       while (cur != state._root)
+                       {
+                               xpath_memory_block* next = cur->next;
+
+                               xml_memory::deallocate(cur);
+
+                               cur = next;
+                       }
+
+                       // restore state
+                       _root = state._root;
+                       _root_size = state._root_size;
+               }
+
+               void release()
+               {
+                       xpath_memory_block* cur = _root;
+                       assert(cur);
+
+                       while (cur->next)
+                       {
+                               xpath_memory_block* next = cur->next;
+
+                               xml_memory::deallocate(cur);
+
+                               cur = next;
+                       }
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct xpath_allocator_capture
+       {
+               xpath_allocator_capture(xpath_allocator* alloc): _target(alloc), _state(*alloc)
+               {
+               }
+
+               ~xpath_allocator_capture()
+               {
+                       _target->revert(_state);
+               }
+
+               xpath_allocator* _target;
+               xpath_allocator _state;
+       };
+
+       struct xpath_stack
+       {
+               xpath_allocator* result;
+               xpath_allocator* temp;
+       };
+
+       struct xpath_stack_data
+       {
+               xpath_memory_block blocks[2];
+               xpath_allocator result;
+               xpath_allocator temp;
+               xpath_stack stack;
+               bool oom;
+
+               xpath_stack_data(): result(blocks + 0, &oom), temp(blocks + 1, &oom), oom(false)
+               {
+                       blocks[0].next = blocks[1].next = 0;
+                       blocks[0].capacity = blocks[1].capacity = sizeof(blocks[0].data);
+
+                       stack.result = &result;
+                       stack.temp = &temp;
+               }
+
+               ~xpath_stack_data()
+               {
+                       result.release();
+                       temp.release();
+               }
+       };
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+// String class
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       class xpath_string
+       {
+               const char_t* _buffer;
+               bool _uses_heap;
+               size_t _length_heap;
+
+               static char_t* duplicate_string(const char_t* string, size_t length, xpath_allocator* alloc)
+               {
+                       char_t* result = static_cast<char_t*>(alloc->allocate((length + 1) * sizeof(char_t)));
+                       if (!result) return 0;
+
+                       memcpy(result, string, length * sizeof(char_t));
+                       result[length] = 0;
+
+                       return result;
+               }
+
+               xpath_string(const char_t* buffer, bool uses_heap_, size_t length_heap): _buffer(buffer), _uses_heap(uses_heap_), _length_heap(length_heap)
+               {
+               }
+
+       public:
+               static xpath_string from_const(const char_t* str)
+               {
+                       return xpath_string(str, false, 0);
+               }
+
+               static xpath_string from_heap_preallocated(const char_t* begin, const char_t* end)
+               {
+                       assert(begin <= end && *end == 0);
+
+                       return xpath_string(begin, true, static_cast<size_t>(end - begin));
+               }
+
+               static xpath_string from_heap(const char_t* begin, const char_t* end, xpath_allocator* alloc)
+               {
+                       assert(begin <= end);
+
+                       if (begin == end)
+                               return xpath_string();
+
+                       size_t length = static_cast<size_t>(end - begin);
+                       const char_t* data = duplicate_string(begin, length, alloc);
+
+                       return data ? xpath_string(data, true, length) : xpath_string();
+               }
+
+               xpath_string(): _buffer(PUGIXML_TEXT("")), _uses_heap(false), _length_heap(0)
+               {
+               }
+
+               void append(const xpath_string& o, xpath_allocator* alloc)
+               {
+                       // skip empty sources
+                       if (!*o._buffer) return;
+
+                       // fast append for constant empty target and constant source
+                       if (!*_buffer && !_uses_heap && !o._uses_heap)
+                       {
+                               _buffer = o._buffer;
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               // need to make heap copy
+                               size_t target_length = length();
+                               size_t source_length = o.length();
+                               size_t result_length = target_length + source_length;
+
+                               // allocate new buffer
+                               char_t* result = static_cast<char_t*>(alloc->reallocate(_uses_heap ? const_cast<char_t*>(_buffer) : 0, (target_length + 1) * sizeof(char_t), (result_length + 1) * sizeof(char_t)));
+                               if (!result) return;
+
+                               // append first string to the new buffer in case there was no reallocation
+                               if (!_uses_heap) memcpy(result, _buffer, target_length * sizeof(char_t));
+
+                               // append second string to the new buffer
+                               memcpy(result + target_length, o._buffer, source_length * sizeof(char_t));
+                               result[result_length] = 0;
+
+                               // finalize
+                               _buffer = result;
+                               _uses_heap = true;
+                               _length_heap = result_length;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               const char_t* c_str() const
+               {
+                       return _buffer;
+               }
+
+               size_t length() const
+               {
+                       return _uses_heap ? _length_heap : strlength(_buffer);
+               }
+
+               char_t* data(xpath_allocator* alloc)
+               {
+                       // make private heap copy
+                       if (!_uses_heap)
+                       {
+                               size_t length_ = strlength(_buffer);
+                               const char_t* data_ = duplicate_string(_buffer, length_, alloc);
+
+                               if (!data_) return 0;
+
+                               _buffer = data_;
+                               _uses_heap = true;
+                               _length_heap = length_;
+                       }
+
+                       return const_cast<char_t*>(_buffer);
+               }
+
+               bool empty() const
+               {
+                       return *_buffer == 0;
+               }
+
+               bool operator==(const xpath_string& o) const
+               {
+                       return strequal(_buffer, o._buffer);
+               }
+
+               bool operator!=(const xpath_string& o) const
+               {
+                       return !strequal(_buffer, o._buffer);
+               }
+
+               bool uses_heap() const
+               {
+                       return _uses_heap;
+               }
+       };
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       PUGI__FN bool starts_with(const char_t* string, const char_t* pattern)
+       {
+               while (*pattern && *string == *pattern)
+               {
+                       string++;
+                       pattern++;
+               }
+
+               return *pattern == 0;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* find_char(const char_t* s, char_t c)
+       {
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+               return wcschr(s, c);
+       #else
+               return strchr(s, c);
+       #endif
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* find_substring(const char_t* s, const char_t* p)
+       {
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+               // MSVC6 wcsstr bug workaround (if s is empty it always returns 0)
+               return (*p == 0) ? s : wcsstr(s, p);
+       #else
+               return strstr(s, p);
+       #endif
+       }
+
+       // Converts symbol to lower case, if it is an ASCII one
+       PUGI__FN char_t tolower_ascii(char_t ch)
+       {
+               return static_cast<unsigned int>(ch - 'A') < 26 ? static_cast<char_t>(ch | ' ') : ch;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_string string_value(const xpath_node& na, xpath_allocator* alloc)
+       {
+               if (na.attribute())
+                       return xpath_string::from_const(na.attribute().value());
+               else
+               {
+                       xml_node n = na.node();
+
+                       switch (n.type())
+                       {
+                       case node_pcdata:
+                       case node_cdata:
+                       case node_comment:
+                       case node_pi:
+                               return xpath_string::from_const(n.value());
+
+                       case node_document:
+                       case node_element:
+                       {
+                               xpath_string result;
+
+                               // element nodes can have value if parse_embed_pcdata was used
+                               if (n.value()[0])
+                                       result.append(xpath_string::from_const(n.value()), alloc);
+
+                               xml_node cur = n.first_child();
+
+                               while (cur && cur != n)
+                               {
+                                       if (cur.type() == node_pcdata || cur.type() == node_cdata)
+                                               result.append(xpath_string::from_const(cur.value()), alloc);
+
+                                       if (cur.first_child())
+                                               cur = cur.first_child();
+                                       else if (cur.next_sibling())
+                                               cur = cur.next_sibling();
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               while (!cur.next_sibling() && cur != n)
+                                                       cur = cur.parent();
+
+                                               if (cur != n) cur = cur.next_sibling();
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               return result;
+                       }
+
+                       default:
+                               return xpath_string();
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool node_is_before_sibling(xml_node_struct* ln, xml_node_struct* rn)
+       {
+               assert(ln->parent == rn->parent);
+
+               // there is no common ancestor (the shared parent is null), nodes are from different documents
+               if (!ln->parent) return ln < rn;
+
+               // determine sibling order
+               xml_node_struct* ls = ln;
+               xml_node_struct* rs = rn;
+
+               while (ls && rs)
+               {
+                       if (ls == rn) return true;
+                       if (rs == ln) return false;
+
+                       ls = ls->next_sibling;
+                       rs = rs->next_sibling;
+               }
+
+               // if rn sibling chain ended ln must be before rn
+               return !rs;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool node_is_before(xml_node_struct* ln, xml_node_struct* rn)
+       {
+               // find common ancestor at the same depth, if any
+               xml_node_struct* lp = ln;
+               xml_node_struct* rp = rn;
+
+               while (lp && rp && lp->parent != rp->parent)
+               {
+                       lp = lp->parent;
+                       rp = rp->parent;
+               }
+
+               // parents are the same!
+               if (lp && rp) return node_is_before_sibling(lp, rp);
+
+               // nodes are at different depths, need to normalize heights
+               bool left_higher = !lp;
+
+               while (lp)
+               {
+                       lp = lp->parent;
+                       ln = ln->parent;
+               }
+
+               while (rp)
+               {
+                       rp = rp->parent;
+                       rn = rn->parent;
+               }
+
+               // one node is the ancestor of the other
+               if (ln == rn) return left_higher;
+
+               // find common ancestor... again
+               while (ln->parent != rn->parent)
+               {
+                       ln = ln->parent;
+                       rn = rn->parent;
+               }
+
+               return node_is_before_sibling(ln, rn);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool node_is_ancestor(xml_node_struct* parent, xml_node_struct* node)
+       {
+               while (node && node != parent) node = node->parent;
+
+               return parent && node == parent;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const void* document_buffer_order(const xpath_node& xnode)
+       {
+               xml_node_struct* node = xnode.node().internal_object();
+
+               if (node)
+               {
+                       if ((get_document(node).header & xml_memory_page_contents_shared_mask) == 0)
+                       {
+                               if (node->name && (node->header & impl::xml_memory_page_name_allocated_or_shared_mask) == 0) return node->name;
+                               if (node->value && (node->header & impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_or_shared_mask) == 0) return node->value;
+                       }
+
+                       return 0;
+               }
+
+               xml_attribute_struct* attr = xnode.attribute().internal_object();
+
+               if (attr)
+               {
+                       if ((get_document(attr).header & xml_memory_page_contents_shared_mask) == 0)
+                       {
+                               if ((attr->header & impl::xml_memory_page_name_allocated_or_shared_mask) == 0) return attr->name;
+                               if ((attr->header & impl::xml_memory_page_value_allocated_or_shared_mask) == 0) return attr->value;
+                       }
+
+                       return 0;
+               }
+
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       struct document_order_comparator
+       {
+               bool operator()(const xpath_node& lhs, const xpath_node& rhs) const
+               {
+                       // optimized document order based check
+                       const void* lo = document_buffer_order(lhs);
+                       const void* ro = document_buffer_order(rhs);
+
+                       if (lo && ro) return lo < ro;
+
+                       // slow comparison
+                       xml_node ln = lhs.node(), rn = rhs.node();
+
+                       // compare attributes
+                       if (lhs.attribute() && rhs.attribute())
+                       {
+                               // shared parent
+                               if (lhs.parent() == rhs.parent())
+                               {
+                                       // determine sibling order
+                                       for (xml_attribute a = lhs.attribute(); a; a = a.next_attribute())
+                                               if (a == rhs.attribute())
+                                                       return true;
+
+                                       return false;
+                               }
+
+                               // compare attribute parents
+                               ln = lhs.parent();
+                               rn = rhs.parent();
+                       }
+                       else if (lhs.attribute())
+                       {
+                               // attributes go after the parent element
+                               if (lhs.parent() == rhs.node()) return false;
+
+                               ln = lhs.parent();
+                       }
+                       else if (rhs.attribute())
+                       {
+                               // attributes go after the parent element
+                               if (rhs.parent() == lhs.node()) return true;
+
+                               rn = rhs.parent();
+                       }
+
+                       if (ln == rn) return false;
+
+                       if (!ln || !rn) return ln < rn;
+
+                       return node_is_before(ln.internal_object(), rn.internal_object());
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct duplicate_comparator
+       {
+               bool operator()(const xpath_node& lhs, const xpath_node& rhs) const
+               {
+                       if (lhs.attribute()) return rhs.attribute() ? lhs.attribute() < rhs.attribute() : true;
+                       else return rhs.attribute() ? false : lhs.node() < rhs.node();
+               }
+       };
+
+       PUGI__FN double gen_nan()
+       {
+       #if defined(__STDC_IEC_559__) || ((FLT_RADIX - 0 == 2) && (FLT_MAX_EXP - 0 == 128) && (FLT_MANT_DIG - 0 == 24))
+               PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(float) == sizeof(uint32_t));
+               typedef uint32_t UI; // BCC5 workaround
+               union { float f; UI i; } u;
+               u.i = 0x7fc00000;
+               return u.f;
+       #else
+               // fallback
+               const volatile double zero = 0.0;
+               return zero / zero;
+       #endif
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool is_nan(double value)
+       {
+       #if defined(PUGI__MSVC_CRT_VERSION) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
+               return !!_isnan(value);
+       #elif defined(fpclassify) && defined(FP_NAN)
+               return fpclassify(value) == FP_NAN;
+       #else
+               // fallback
+               const volatile double v = value;
+               return v != v;
+       #endif
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* convert_number_to_string_special(double value)
+       {
+       #if defined(PUGI__MSVC_CRT_VERSION) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
+               if (_finite(value)) return (value == 0) ? PUGIXML_TEXT("0") : 0;
+               if (_isnan(value)) return PUGIXML_TEXT("NaN");
+               return value > 0 ? PUGIXML_TEXT("Infinity") : PUGIXML_TEXT("-Infinity");
+       #elif defined(fpclassify) && defined(FP_NAN) && defined(FP_INFINITE) && defined(FP_ZERO)
+               switch (fpclassify(value))
+               {
+               case FP_NAN:
+                       return PUGIXML_TEXT("NaN");
+
+               case FP_INFINITE:
+                       return value > 0 ? PUGIXML_TEXT("Infinity") : PUGIXML_TEXT("-Infinity");
+
+               case FP_ZERO:
+                       return PUGIXML_TEXT("0");
+
+               default:
+                       return 0;
+               }
+       #else
+               // fallback
+               const volatile double v = value;
+
+               if (v == 0) return PUGIXML_TEXT("0");
+               if (v != v) return PUGIXML_TEXT("NaN");
+               if (v * 2 == v) return value > 0 ? PUGIXML_TEXT("Infinity") : PUGIXML_TEXT("-Infinity");
+               return 0;
+       #endif
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool convert_number_to_boolean(double value)
+       {
+               return (value != 0 && !is_nan(value));
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void truncate_zeros(char* begin, char* end)
+       {
+               while (begin != end && end[-1] == '0') end--;
+
+               *end = 0;
+       }
+
+       // gets mantissa digits in the form of 0.xxxxx with 0. implied and the exponent
+#if defined(PUGI__MSVC_CRT_VERSION) && PUGI__MSVC_CRT_VERSION >= 1400 && !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+       PUGI__FN void convert_number_to_mantissa_exponent(double value, char (&buffer)[32], char** out_mantissa, int* out_exponent)
+       {
+               // get base values
+               int sign, exponent;
+               _ecvt_s(buffer, sizeof(buffer), value, DBL_DIG + 1, &exponent, &sign);
+
+               // truncate redundant zeros
+               truncate_zeros(buffer, buffer + strlen(buffer));
+
+               // fill results
+               *out_mantissa = buffer;
+               *out_exponent = exponent;
+       }
+#else
+       PUGI__FN void convert_number_to_mantissa_exponent(double value, char (&buffer)[32], char** out_mantissa, int* out_exponent)
+       {
+               // get a scientific notation value with IEEE DBL_DIG decimals
+               PUGI__SNPRINTF(buffer, "%.*e", DBL_DIG, value);
+
+               // get the exponent (possibly negative)
+               char* exponent_string = strchr(buffer, 'e');
+               assert(exponent_string);
+
+               int exponent = atoi(exponent_string + 1);
+
+               // extract mantissa string: skip sign
+               char* mantissa = buffer[0] == '-' ? buffer + 1 : buffer;
+               assert(mantissa[0] != '0' && mantissa[1] == '.');
+
+               // divide mantissa by 10 to eliminate integer part
+               mantissa[1] = mantissa[0];
+               mantissa++;
+               exponent++;
+
+               // remove extra mantissa digits and zero-terminate mantissa
+               truncate_zeros(mantissa, exponent_string);
+
+               // fill results
+               *out_mantissa = mantissa;
+               *out_exponent = exponent;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_string convert_number_to_string(double value, xpath_allocator* alloc)
+       {
+               // try special number conversion
+               const char_t* special = convert_number_to_string_special(value);
+               if (special) return xpath_string::from_const(special);
+
+               // get mantissa + exponent form
+               char mantissa_buffer[32];
+
+               char* mantissa;
+               int exponent;
+               convert_number_to_mantissa_exponent(value, mantissa_buffer, &mantissa, &exponent);
+
+               // allocate a buffer of suitable length for the number
+               size_t result_size = strlen(mantissa_buffer) + (exponent > 0 ? exponent : -exponent) + 4;
+               char_t* result = static_cast<char_t*>(alloc->allocate(sizeof(char_t) * result_size));
+               if (!result) return xpath_string();
+
+               // make the number!
+               char_t* s = result;
+
+               // sign
+               if (value < 0) *s++ = '-';
+
+               // integer part
+               if (exponent <= 0)
+               {
+                       *s++ = '0';
+               }
+               else
+               {
+                       while (exponent > 0)
+                       {
+                               assert(*mantissa == 0 || static_cast<unsigned int>(*mantissa - '0') <= 9);
+                               *s++ = *mantissa ? *mantissa++ : '0';
+                               exponent--;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               // fractional part
+               if (*mantissa)
+               {
+                       // decimal point
+                       *s++ = '.';
+
+                       // extra zeroes from negative exponent
+                       while (exponent < 0)
+                       {
+                               *s++ = '0';
+                               exponent++;
+                       }
+
+                       // extra mantissa digits
+                       while (*mantissa)
+                       {
+                               assert(static_cast<unsigned int>(*mantissa - '0') <= 9);
+                               *s++ = *mantissa++;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               // zero-terminate
+               assert(s < result + result_size);
+               *s = 0;
+
+               return xpath_string::from_heap_preallocated(result, s);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool check_string_to_number_format(const char_t* string)
+       {
+               // parse leading whitespace
+               while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*string, ct_space)) ++string;
+
+               // parse sign
+               if (*string == '-') ++string;
+
+               if (!*string) return false;
+
+               // if there is no integer part, there should be a decimal part with at least one digit
+               if (!PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(string[0], ctx_digit) && (string[0] != '.' || !PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(string[1], ctx_digit))) return false;
+
+               // parse integer part
+               while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(*string, ctx_digit)) ++string;
+
+               // parse decimal part
+               if (*string == '.')
+               {
+                       ++string;
+
+                       while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(*string, ctx_digit)) ++string;
+               }
+
+               // parse trailing whitespace
+               while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*string, ct_space)) ++string;
+
+               return *string == 0;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN double convert_string_to_number(const char_t* string)
+       {
+               // check string format
+               if (!check_string_to_number_format(string)) return gen_nan();
+
+               // parse string
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+               return wcstod(string, 0);
+       #else
+               return strtod(string, 0);
+       #endif
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool convert_string_to_number_scratch(char_t (&buffer)[32], const char_t* begin, const char_t* end, double* out_result)
+       {
+               size_t length = static_cast<size_t>(end - begin);
+               char_t* scratch = buffer;
+
+               if (length >= sizeof(buffer) / sizeof(buffer[0]))
+               {
+                       // need to make dummy on-heap copy
+                       scratch = static_cast<char_t*>(xml_memory::allocate((length + 1) * sizeof(char_t)));
+                       if (!scratch) return false;
+               }
+
+               // copy string to zero-terminated buffer and perform conversion
+               memcpy(scratch, begin, length * sizeof(char_t));
+               scratch[length] = 0;
+
+               *out_result = convert_string_to_number(scratch);
+
+               // free dummy buffer
+               if (scratch != buffer) xml_memory::deallocate(scratch);
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN double round_nearest(double value)
+       {
+               return floor(value + 0.5);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN double round_nearest_nzero(double value)
+       {
+               // same as round_nearest, but returns -0 for [-0.5, -0]
+               // ceil is used to differentiate between +0 and -0 (we return -0 for [-0.5, -0] and +0 for +0)
+               return (value >= -0.5 && value <= 0) ? ceil(value) : floor(value + 0.5);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* qualified_name(const xpath_node& node)
+       {
+               return node.attribute() ? node.attribute().name() : node.node().name();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* local_name(const xpath_node& node)
+       {
+               const char_t* name = qualified_name(node);
+               const char_t* p = find_char(name, ':');
+
+               return p ? p + 1 : name;
+       }
+
+       struct namespace_uri_predicate
+       {
+               const char_t* prefix;
+               size_t prefix_length;
+
+               namespace_uri_predicate(const char_t* name)
+               {
+                       const char_t* pos = find_char(name, ':');
+
+                       prefix = pos ? name : 0;
+                       prefix_length = pos ? static_cast<size_t>(pos - name) : 0;
+               }
+
+               bool operator()(xml_attribute a) const
+               {
+                       const char_t* name = a.name();
+
+                       if (!starts_with(name, PUGIXML_TEXT("xmlns"))) return false;
+
+                       return prefix ? name[5] == ':' && strequalrange(name + 6, prefix, prefix_length) : name[5] == 0;
+               }
+       };
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* namespace_uri(xml_node node)
+       {
+               namespace_uri_predicate pred = node.name();
+
+               xml_node p = node;
+
+               while (p)
+               {
+                       xml_attribute a = p.find_attribute(pred);
+
+                       if (a) return a.value();
+
+                       p = p.parent();
+               }
+
+               return PUGIXML_TEXT("");
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* namespace_uri(xml_attribute attr, xml_node parent)
+       {
+               namespace_uri_predicate pred = attr.name();
+
+               // Default namespace does not apply to attributes
+               if (!pred.prefix) return PUGIXML_TEXT("");
+
+               xml_node p = parent;
+
+               while (p)
+               {
+                       xml_attribute a = p.find_attribute(pred);
+
+                       if (a) return a.value();
+
+                       p = p.parent();
+               }
+
+               return PUGIXML_TEXT("");
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* namespace_uri(const xpath_node& node)
+       {
+               return node.attribute() ? namespace_uri(node.attribute(), node.parent()) : namespace_uri(node.node());
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN char_t* normalize_space(char_t* buffer)
+       {
+               char_t* write = buffer;
+
+               for (char_t* it = buffer; *it; )
+               {
+                       char_t ch = *it++;
+
+                       if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(ch, ct_space))
+                       {
+                               // replace whitespace sequence with single space
+                               while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*it, ct_space)) it++;
+
+                               // avoid leading spaces
+                               if (write != buffer) *write++ = ' ';
+                       }
+                       else *write++ = ch;
+               }
+
+               // remove trailing space
+               if (write != buffer && PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(write[-1], ct_space)) write--;
+
+               // zero-terminate
+               *write = 0;
+
+               return write;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN char_t* translate(char_t* buffer, const char_t* from, const char_t* to, size_t to_length)
+       {
+               char_t* write = buffer;
+
+               while (*buffer)
+               {
+                       PUGI__DMC_VOLATILE char_t ch = *buffer++;
+
+                       const char_t* pos = find_char(from, ch);
+
+                       if (!pos)
+                               *write++ = ch; // do not process
+                       else if (static_cast<size_t>(pos - from) < to_length)
+                               *write++ = to[pos - from]; // replace
+               }
+
+               // zero-terminate
+               *write = 0;
+
+               return write;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN unsigned char* translate_table_generate(xpath_allocator* alloc, const char_t* from, const char_t* to)
+       {
+               unsigned char table[128] = {0};
+
+               while (*from)
+               {
+                       unsigned int fc = static_cast<unsigned int>(*from);
+                       unsigned int tc = static_cast<unsigned int>(*to);
+
+                       if (fc >= 128 || tc >= 128)
+                               return 0;
+
+                       // code=128 means "skip character"
+                       if (!table[fc])
+                               table[fc] = static_cast<unsigned char>(tc ? tc : 128);
+
+                       from++;
+                       if (tc) to++;
+               }
+
+               for (int i = 0; i < 128; ++i)
+                       if (!table[i])
+                               table[i] = static_cast<unsigned char>(i);
+
+               void* result = alloc->allocate(sizeof(table));
+               if (!result) return 0;
+
+               memcpy(result, table, sizeof(table));
+
+               return static_cast<unsigned char*>(result);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN char_t* translate_table(char_t* buffer, const unsigned char* table)
+       {
+               char_t* write = buffer;
+
+               while (*buffer)
+               {
+                       char_t ch = *buffer++;
+                       unsigned int index = static_cast<unsigned int>(ch);
+
+                       if (index < 128)
+                       {
+                               unsigned char code = table[index];
+
+                               // code=128 means "skip character" (table size is 128 so 128 can be a special value)
+                               // this code skips these characters without extra branches
+                               *write = static_cast<char_t>(code);
+                               write += 1 - (code >> 7);
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               *write++ = ch;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               // zero-terminate
+               *write = 0;
+
+               return write;
+       }
+
+       inline bool is_xpath_attribute(const char_t* name)
+       {
+               return !(starts_with(name, PUGIXML_TEXT("xmlns")) && (name[5] == 0 || name[5] == ':'));
+       }
+
+       struct xpath_variable_boolean: xpath_variable
+       {
+               xpath_variable_boolean(): xpath_variable(xpath_type_boolean), value(false)
+               {
+               }
+
+               bool value;
+               char_t name[1];
+       };
+
+       struct xpath_variable_number: xpath_variable
+       {
+               xpath_variable_number(): xpath_variable(xpath_type_number), value(0)
+               {
+               }
+
+               double value;
+               char_t name[1];
+       };
+
+       struct xpath_variable_string: xpath_variable
+       {
+               xpath_variable_string(): xpath_variable(xpath_type_string), value(0)
+               {
+               }
+
+               ~xpath_variable_string()
+               {
+                       if (value) xml_memory::deallocate(value);
+               }
+
+               char_t* value;
+               char_t name[1];
+       };
+
+       struct xpath_variable_node_set: xpath_variable
+       {
+               xpath_variable_node_set(): xpath_variable(xpath_type_node_set)
+               {
+               }
+
+               xpath_node_set value;
+               char_t name[1];
+       };
+
+       static const xpath_node_set dummy_node_set;
+
+       PUGI__FN PUGI__UNSIGNED_OVERFLOW unsigned int hash_string(const char_t* str)
+       {
+               // Jenkins one-at-a-time hash (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenkins_hash_function#one-at-a-time)
+               unsigned int result = 0;
+
+               while (*str)
+               {
+                       result += static_cast<unsigned int>(*str++);
+                       result += result << 10;
+                       result ^= result >> 6;
+               }
+
+               result += result << 3;
+               result ^= result >> 11;
+               result += result << 15;
+
+               return result;
+       }
+
+       template <typename T> PUGI__FN T* new_xpath_variable(const char_t* name)
+       {
+               size_t length = strlength(name);
+               if (length == 0) return 0; // empty variable names are invalid
+
+               // $$ we can't use offsetof(T, name) because T is non-POD, so we just allocate additional length characters
+               void* memory = xml_memory::allocate(sizeof(T) + length * sizeof(char_t));
+               if (!memory) return 0;
+
+               T* result = new (memory) T();
+
+               memcpy(result->name, name, (length + 1) * sizeof(char_t));
+
+               return result;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_variable* new_xpath_variable(xpath_value_type type, const char_t* name)
+       {
+               switch (type)
+               {
+               case xpath_type_node_set:
+                       return new_xpath_variable<xpath_variable_node_set>(name);
+
+               case xpath_type_number:
+                       return new_xpath_variable<xpath_variable_number>(name);
+
+               case xpath_type_string:
+                       return new_xpath_variable<xpath_variable_string>(name);
+
+               case xpath_type_boolean:
+                       return new_xpath_variable<xpath_variable_boolean>(name);
+
+               default:
+                       return 0;
+               }
+       }
+
+       template <typename T> PUGI__FN void delete_xpath_variable(T* var)
+       {
+               var->~T();
+               xml_memory::deallocate(var);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void delete_xpath_variable(xpath_value_type type, xpath_variable* var)
+       {
+               switch (type)
+               {
+               case xpath_type_node_set:
+                       delete_xpath_variable(static_cast<xpath_variable_node_set*>(var));
+                       break;
+
+               case xpath_type_number:
+                       delete_xpath_variable(static_cast<xpath_variable_number*>(var));
+                       break;
+
+               case xpath_type_string:
+                       delete_xpath_variable(static_cast<xpath_variable_string*>(var));
+                       break;
+
+               case xpath_type_boolean:
+                       delete_xpath_variable(static_cast<xpath_variable_boolean*>(var));
+                       break;
+
+               default:
+                       assert(false && "Invalid variable type"); // unreachable
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool copy_xpath_variable(xpath_variable* lhs, const xpath_variable* rhs)
+       {
+               switch (rhs->type())
+               {
+               case xpath_type_node_set:
+                       return lhs->set(static_cast<const xpath_variable_node_set*>(rhs)->value);
+
+               case xpath_type_number:
+                       return lhs->set(static_cast<const xpath_variable_number*>(rhs)->value);
+
+               case xpath_type_string:
+                       return lhs->set(static_cast<const xpath_variable_string*>(rhs)->value);
+
+               case xpath_type_boolean:
+                       return lhs->set(static_cast<const xpath_variable_boolean*>(rhs)->value);
+
+               default:
+                       assert(false && "Invalid variable type"); // unreachable
+                       return false;
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool get_variable_scratch(char_t (&buffer)[32], xpath_variable_set* set, const char_t* begin, const char_t* end, xpath_variable** out_result)
+       {
+               size_t length = static_cast<size_t>(end - begin);
+               char_t* scratch = buffer;
+
+               if (length >= sizeof(buffer) / sizeof(buffer[0]))
+               {
+                       // need to make dummy on-heap copy
+                       scratch = static_cast<char_t*>(xml_memory::allocate((length + 1) * sizeof(char_t)));
+                       if (!scratch) return false;
+               }
+
+               // copy string to zero-terminated buffer and perform lookup
+               memcpy(scratch, begin, length * sizeof(char_t));
+               scratch[length] = 0;
+
+               *out_result = set->get(scratch);
+
+               // free dummy buffer
+               if (scratch != buffer) xml_memory::deallocate(scratch);
+
+               return true;
+       }
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+// Internal node set class
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set::type_t xpath_get_order(const xpath_node* begin, const xpath_node* end)
+       {
+               if (end - begin < 2)
+                       return xpath_node_set::type_sorted;
+
+               document_order_comparator cmp;
+
+               bool first = cmp(begin[0], begin[1]);
+
+               for (const xpath_node* it = begin + 1; it + 1 < end; ++it)
+                       if (cmp(it[0], it[1]) != first)
+                               return xpath_node_set::type_unsorted;
+
+               return first ? xpath_node_set::type_sorted : xpath_node_set::type_sorted_reverse;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set::type_t xpath_sort(xpath_node* begin, xpath_node* end, xpath_node_set::type_t type, bool rev)
+       {
+               xpath_node_set::type_t order = rev ? xpath_node_set::type_sorted_reverse : xpath_node_set::type_sorted;
+
+               if (type == xpath_node_set::type_unsorted)
+               {
+                       xpath_node_set::type_t sorted = xpath_get_order(begin, end);
+
+                       if (sorted == xpath_node_set::type_unsorted)
+                       {
+                               sort(begin, end, document_order_comparator());
+
+                               type = xpath_node_set::type_sorted;
+                       }
+                       else
+                               type = sorted;
+               }
+
+               if (type != order) reverse(begin, end);
+
+               return order;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node xpath_first(const xpath_node* begin, const xpath_node* end, xpath_node_set::type_t type)
+       {
+               if (begin == end) return xpath_node();
+
+               switch (type)
+               {
+               case xpath_node_set::type_sorted:
+                       return *begin;
+
+               case xpath_node_set::type_sorted_reverse:
+                       return *(end - 1);
+
+               case xpath_node_set::type_unsorted:
+                       return *min_element(begin, end, document_order_comparator());
+
+               default:
+                       assert(false && "Invalid node set type"); // unreachable
+                       return xpath_node();
+               }
+       }
+
+       class xpath_node_set_raw
+       {
+               xpath_node_set::type_t _type;
+
+               xpath_node* _begin;
+               xpath_node* _end;
+               xpath_node* _eos;
+
+       public:
+               xpath_node_set_raw(): _type(xpath_node_set::type_unsorted), _begin(0), _end(0), _eos(0)
+               {
+               }
+
+               xpath_node* begin() const
+               {
+                       return _begin;
+               }
+
+               xpath_node* end() const
+               {
+                       return _end;
+               }
+
+               bool empty() const
+               {
+                       return _begin == _end;
+               }
+
+               size_t size() const
+               {
+                       return static_cast<size_t>(_end - _begin);
+               }
+
+               xpath_node first() const
+               {
+                       return xpath_first(_begin, _end, _type);
+               }
+
+               void push_back_grow(const xpath_node& node, xpath_allocator* alloc);
+
+               void push_back(const xpath_node& node, xpath_allocator* alloc)
+               {
+                       if (_end != _eos)
+                               *_end++ = node;
+                       else
+                               push_back_grow(node, alloc);
+               }
+
+               void append(const xpath_node* begin_, const xpath_node* end_, xpath_allocator* alloc)
+               {
+                       if (begin_ == end_) return;
+
+                       size_t size_ = static_cast<size_t>(_end - _begin);
+                       size_t capacity = static_cast<size_t>(_eos - _begin);
+                       size_t count = static_cast<size_t>(end_ - begin_);
+
+                       if (size_ + count > capacity)
+                       {
+                               // reallocate the old array or allocate a new one
+                               xpath_node* data = static_cast<xpath_node*>(alloc->reallocate(_begin, capacity * sizeof(xpath_node), (size_ + count) * sizeof(xpath_node)));
+                               if (!data) return;
+
+                               // finalize
+                               _begin = data;
+                               _end = data + size_;
+                               _eos = data + size_ + count;
+                       }
+
+                       memcpy(_end, begin_, count * sizeof(xpath_node));
+                       _end += count;
+               }
+
+               void sort_do()
+               {
+                       _type = xpath_sort(_begin, _end, _type, false);
+               }
+
+               void truncate(xpath_node* pos)
+               {
+                       assert(_begin <= pos && pos <= _end);
+
+                       _end = pos;
+               }
+
+               void remove_duplicates()
+               {
+                       if (_type == xpath_node_set::type_unsorted)
+                               sort(_begin, _end, duplicate_comparator());
+
+                       _end = unique(_begin, _end);
+               }
+
+               xpath_node_set::type_t type() const
+               {
+                       return _type;
+               }
+
+               void set_type(xpath_node_set::type_t value)
+               {
+                       _type = value;
+               }
+       };
+
+       PUGI__FN_NO_INLINE void xpath_node_set_raw::push_back_grow(const xpath_node& node, xpath_allocator* alloc)
+       {
+               size_t capacity = static_cast<size_t>(_eos - _begin);
+
+               // get new capacity (1.5x rule)
+               size_t new_capacity = capacity + capacity / 2 + 1;
+
+               // reallocate the old array or allocate a new one
+               xpath_node* data = static_cast<xpath_node*>(alloc->reallocate(_begin, capacity * sizeof(xpath_node), new_capacity * sizeof(xpath_node)));
+               if (!data) return;
+
+               // finalize
+               _begin = data;
+               _end = data + capacity;
+               _eos = data + new_capacity;
+
+               // push
+               *_end++ = node;
+       }
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+       struct xpath_context
+       {
+               xpath_node n;
+               size_t position, size;
+
+               xpath_context(const xpath_node& n_, size_t position_, size_t size_): n(n_), position(position_), size(size_)
+               {
+               }
+       };
+
+       enum lexeme_t
+       {
+               lex_none = 0,
+               lex_equal,
+               lex_not_equal,
+               lex_less,
+               lex_greater,
+               lex_less_or_equal,
+               lex_greater_or_equal,
+               lex_plus,
+               lex_minus,
+               lex_multiply,
+               lex_union,
+               lex_var_ref,
+               lex_open_brace,
+               lex_close_brace,
+               lex_quoted_string,
+               lex_number,
+               lex_slash,
+               lex_double_slash,
+               lex_open_square_brace,
+               lex_close_square_brace,
+               lex_string,
+               lex_comma,
+               lex_axis_attribute,
+               lex_dot,
+               lex_double_dot,
+               lex_double_colon,
+               lex_eof
+       };
+
+       struct xpath_lexer_string
+       {
+               const char_t* begin;
+               const char_t* end;
+
+               xpath_lexer_string(): begin(0), end(0)
+               {
+               }
+
+               bool operator==(const char_t* other) const
+               {
+                       size_t length = static_cast<size_t>(end - begin);
+
+                       return strequalrange(other, begin, length);
+               }
+       };
+
+       class xpath_lexer
+       {
+               const char_t* _cur;
+               const char_t* _cur_lexeme_pos;
+               xpath_lexer_string _cur_lexeme_contents;
+
+               lexeme_t _cur_lexeme;
+
+       public:
+               explicit xpath_lexer(const char_t* query): _cur(query)
+               {
+                       next();
+               }
+
+               const char_t* state() const
+               {
+                       return _cur;
+               }
+
+               void next()
+               {
+                       const char_t* cur = _cur;
+
+                       while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*cur, ct_space)) ++cur;
+
+                       // save lexeme position for error reporting
+                       _cur_lexeme_pos = cur;
+
+                       switch (*cur)
+                       {
+                       case 0:
+                               _cur_lexeme = lex_eof;
+                               break;
+
+                       case '>':
+                               if (*(cur+1) == '=')
+                               {
+                                       cur += 2;
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_greater_or_equal;
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       cur += 1;
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_greater;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case '<':
+                               if (*(cur+1) == '=')
+                               {
+                                       cur += 2;
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_less_or_equal;
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       cur += 1;
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_less;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case '!':
+                               if (*(cur+1) == '=')
+                               {
+                                       cur += 2;
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_not_equal;
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_none;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case '=':
+                               cur += 1;
+                               _cur_lexeme = lex_equal;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case '+':
+                               cur += 1;
+                               _cur_lexeme = lex_plus;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case '-':
+                               cur += 1;
+                               _cur_lexeme = lex_minus;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case '*':
+                               cur += 1;
+                               _cur_lexeme = lex_multiply;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case '|':
+                               cur += 1;
+                               _cur_lexeme = lex_union;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case '$':
+                               cur += 1;
+
+                               if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(*cur, ctx_start_symbol))
+                               {
+                                       _cur_lexeme_contents.begin = cur;
+
+                                       while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(*cur, ctx_symbol)) cur++;
+
+                                       if (cur[0] == ':' && PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(cur[1], ctx_symbol)) // qname
+                                       {
+                                               cur++; // :
+
+                                               while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(*cur, ctx_symbol)) cur++;
+                                       }
+
+                                       _cur_lexeme_contents.end = cur;
+
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_var_ref;
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_none;
+                               }
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case '(':
+                               cur += 1;
+                               _cur_lexeme = lex_open_brace;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case ')':
+                               cur += 1;
+                               _cur_lexeme = lex_close_brace;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case '[':
+                               cur += 1;
+                               _cur_lexeme = lex_open_square_brace;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case ']':
+                               cur += 1;
+                               _cur_lexeme = lex_close_square_brace;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case ',':
+                               cur += 1;
+                               _cur_lexeme = lex_comma;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case '/':
+                               if (*(cur+1) == '/')
+                               {
+                                       cur += 2;
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_double_slash;
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       cur += 1;
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_slash;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case '.':
+                               if (*(cur+1) == '.')
+                               {
+                                       cur += 2;
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_double_dot;
+                               }
+                               else if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(*(cur+1), ctx_digit))
+                               {
+                                       _cur_lexeme_contents.begin = cur; // .
+
+                                       ++cur;
+
+                                       while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(*cur, ctx_digit)) cur++;
+
+                                       _cur_lexeme_contents.end = cur;
+
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_number;
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       cur += 1;
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_dot;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case '@':
+                               cur += 1;
+                               _cur_lexeme = lex_axis_attribute;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case '"':
+                       case '\'':
+                       {
+                               char_t terminator = *cur;
+
+                               ++cur;
+
+                               _cur_lexeme_contents.begin = cur;
+                               while (*cur && *cur != terminator) cur++;
+                               _cur_lexeme_contents.end = cur;
+
+                               if (!*cur)
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_none;
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       cur += 1;
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_quoted_string;
+                               }
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case ':':
+                               if (*(cur+1) == ':')
+                               {
+                                       cur += 2;
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_double_colon;
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_none;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       default:
+                               if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(*cur, ctx_digit))
+                               {
+                                       _cur_lexeme_contents.begin = cur;
+
+                                       while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(*cur, ctx_digit)) cur++;
+
+                                       if (*cur == '.')
+                                       {
+                                               cur++;
+
+                                               while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(*cur, ctx_digit)) cur++;
+                                       }
+
+                                       _cur_lexeme_contents.end = cur;
+
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_number;
+                               }
+                               else if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(*cur, ctx_start_symbol))
+                               {
+                                       _cur_lexeme_contents.begin = cur;
+
+                                       while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(*cur, ctx_symbol)) cur++;
+
+                                       if (cur[0] == ':')
+                                       {
+                                               if (cur[1] == '*') // namespace test ncname:*
+                                               {
+                                                       cur += 2; // :*
+                                               }
+                                               else if (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(cur[1], ctx_symbol)) // namespace test qname
+                                               {
+                                                       cur++; // :
+
+                                                       while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX(*cur, ctx_symbol)) cur++;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+
+                                       _cur_lexeme_contents.end = cur;
+
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_string;
+                               }
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       _cur_lexeme = lex_none;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       _cur = cur;
+               }
+
+               lexeme_t current() const
+               {
+                       return _cur_lexeme;
+               }
+
+               const char_t* current_pos() const
+               {
+                       return _cur_lexeme_pos;
+               }
+
+               const xpath_lexer_string& contents() const
+               {
+                       assert(_cur_lexeme == lex_var_ref || _cur_lexeme == lex_number || _cur_lexeme == lex_string || _cur_lexeme == lex_quoted_string);
+
+                       return _cur_lexeme_contents;
+               }
+       };
+
+       enum ast_type_t
+       {
+               ast_unknown,
+               ast_op_or,                                              // left or right
+               ast_op_and,                                             // left and right
+               ast_op_equal,                                   // left = right
+               ast_op_not_equal,                               // left != right
+               ast_op_less,                                    // left < right
+               ast_op_greater,                                 // left > right
+               ast_op_less_or_equal,                   // left <= right
+               ast_op_greater_or_equal,                // left >= right
+               ast_op_add,                                             // left + right
+               ast_op_subtract,                                // left - right
+               ast_op_multiply,                                // left * right
+               ast_op_divide,                                  // left / right
+               ast_op_mod,                                             // left % right
+               ast_op_negate,                                  // left - right
+               ast_op_union,                                   // left | right
+               ast_predicate,                                  // apply predicate to set; next points to next predicate
+               ast_filter,                                             // select * from left where right
+               ast_string_constant,                    // string constant
+               ast_number_constant,                    // number constant
+               ast_variable,                                   // variable
+               ast_func_last,                                  // last()
+               ast_func_position,                              // position()
+               ast_func_count,                                 // count(left)
+               ast_func_id,                                    // id(left)
+               ast_func_local_name_0,                  // local-name()
+               ast_func_local_name_1,                  // local-name(left)
+               ast_func_namespace_uri_0,               // namespace-uri()
+               ast_func_namespace_uri_1,               // namespace-uri(left)
+               ast_func_name_0,                                // name()
+               ast_func_name_1,                                // name(left)
+               ast_func_string_0,                              // string()
+               ast_func_string_1,                              // string(left)
+               ast_func_concat,                                // concat(left, right, siblings)
+               ast_func_starts_with,                   // starts_with(left, right)
+               ast_func_contains,                              // contains(left, right)
+               ast_func_substring_before,              // substring-before(left, right)
+               ast_func_substring_after,               // substring-after(left, right)
+               ast_func_substring_2,                   // substring(left, right)
+               ast_func_substring_3,                   // substring(left, right, third)
+               ast_func_string_length_0,               // string-length()
+               ast_func_string_length_1,               // string-length(left)
+               ast_func_normalize_space_0,             // normalize-space()
+               ast_func_normalize_space_1,             // normalize-space(left)
+               ast_func_translate,                             // translate(left, right, third)
+               ast_func_boolean,                               // boolean(left)
+               ast_func_not,                                   // not(left)
+               ast_func_true,                                  // true()
+               ast_func_false,                                 // false()
+               ast_func_lang,                                  // lang(left)
+               ast_func_number_0,                              // number()
+               ast_func_number_1,                              // number(left)
+               ast_func_sum,                                   // sum(left)
+               ast_func_floor,                                 // floor(left)
+               ast_func_ceiling,                               // ceiling(left)
+               ast_func_round,                                 // round(left)
+               ast_step,                                               // process set left with step
+               ast_step_root,                                  // select root node
+
+               ast_opt_translate_table,                // translate(left, right, third) where right/third are constants
+               ast_opt_compare_attribute               // @name = 'string'
+       };
+
+       enum axis_t
+       {
+               axis_ancestor,
+               axis_ancestor_or_self,
+               axis_attribute,
+               axis_child,
+               axis_descendant,
+               axis_descendant_or_self,
+               axis_following,
+               axis_following_sibling,
+               axis_namespace,
+               axis_parent,
+               axis_preceding,
+               axis_preceding_sibling,
+               axis_self
+       };
+
+       enum nodetest_t
+       {
+               nodetest_none,
+               nodetest_name,
+               nodetest_type_node,
+               nodetest_type_comment,
+               nodetest_type_pi,
+               nodetest_type_text,
+               nodetest_pi,
+               nodetest_all,
+               nodetest_all_in_namespace
+       };
+
+       enum predicate_t
+       {
+               predicate_default,
+               predicate_posinv,
+               predicate_constant,
+               predicate_constant_one
+       };
+
+       enum nodeset_eval_t
+       {
+               nodeset_eval_all,
+               nodeset_eval_any,
+               nodeset_eval_first
+       };
+
+       template <axis_t N> struct axis_to_type
+       {
+               static const axis_t axis;
+       };
+
+       template <axis_t N> const axis_t axis_to_type<N>::axis = N;
+
+       class xpath_ast_node
+       {
+       private:
+               // node type
+               char _type;
+               char _rettype;
+
+               // for ast_step
+               char _axis;
+
+               // for ast_step/ast_predicate/ast_filter
+               char _test;
+
+               // tree node structure
+               xpath_ast_node* _left;
+               xpath_ast_node* _right;
+               xpath_ast_node* _next;
+
+               union
+               {
+                       // value for ast_string_constant
+                       const char_t* string;
+                       // value for ast_number_constant
+                       double number;
+                       // variable for ast_variable
+                       xpath_variable* variable;
+                       // node test for ast_step (node name/namespace/node type/pi target)
+                       const char_t* nodetest;
+                       // table for ast_opt_translate_table
+                       const unsigned char* table;
+               } _data;
+
+               xpath_ast_node(const xpath_ast_node&);
+               xpath_ast_node& operator=(const xpath_ast_node&);
+
+               template <class Comp> static bool compare_eq(xpath_ast_node* lhs, xpath_ast_node* rhs, const xpath_context& c, const xpath_stack& stack, const Comp& comp)
+               {
+                       xpath_value_type lt = lhs->rettype(), rt = rhs->rettype();
+
+                       if (lt != xpath_type_node_set && rt != xpath_type_node_set)
+                       {
+                               if (lt == xpath_type_boolean || rt == xpath_type_boolean)
+                                       return comp(lhs->eval_boolean(c, stack), rhs->eval_boolean(c, stack));
+                               else if (lt == xpath_type_number || rt == xpath_type_number)
+                                       return comp(lhs->eval_number(c, stack), rhs->eval_number(c, stack));
+                               else if (lt == xpath_type_string || rt == xpath_type_string)
+                               {
+                                       xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                                       xpath_string ls = lhs->eval_string(c, stack);
+                                       xpath_string rs = rhs->eval_string(c, stack);
+
+                                       return comp(ls, rs);
+                               }
+                       }
+                       else if (lt == xpath_type_node_set && rt == xpath_type_node_set)
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               xpath_node_set_raw ls = lhs->eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_all);
+                               xpath_node_set_raw rs = rhs->eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_all);
+
+                               for (const xpath_node* li = ls.begin(); li != ls.end(); ++li)
+                                       for (const xpath_node* ri = rs.begin(); ri != rs.end(); ++ri)
+                                       {
+                                               xpath_allocator_capture cri(stack.result);
+
+                                               if (comp(string_value(*li, stack.result), string_value(*ri, stack.result)))
+                                                       return true;
+                                       }
+
+                               return false;
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               if (lt == xpath_type_node_set)
+                               {
+                                       swap(lhs, rhs);
+                                       swap(lt, rt);
+                               }
+
+                               if (lt == xpath_type_boolean)
+                                       return comp(lhs->eval_boolean(c, stack), rhs->eval_boolean(c, stack));
+                               else if (lt == xpath_type_number)
+                               {
+                                       xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                                       double l = lhs->eval_number(c, stack);
+                                       xpath_node_set_raw rs = rhs->eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_all);
+
+                                       for (const xpath_node* ri = rs.begin(); ri != rs.end(); ++ri)
+                                       {
+                                               xpath_allocator_capture cri(stack.result);
+
+                                               if (comp(l, convert_string_to_number(string_value(*ri, stack.result).c_str())))
+                                                       return true;
+                                       }
+
+                                       return false;
+                               }
+                               else if (lt == xpath_type_string)
+                               {
+                                       xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                                       xpath_string l = lhs->eval_string(c, stack);
+                                       xpath_node_set_raw rs = rhs->eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_all);
+
+                                       for (const xpath_node* ri = rs.begin(); ri != rs.end(); ++ri)
+                                       {
+                                               xpath_allocator_capture cri(stack.result);
+
+                                               if (comp(l, string_value(*ri, stack.result)))
+                                                       return true;
+                                       }
+
+                                       return false;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       assert(false && "Wrong types"); // unreachable
+                       return false;
+               }
+
+               static bool eval_once(xpath_node_set::type_t type, nodeset_eval_t eval)
+               {
+                       return type == xpath_node_set::type_sorted ? eval != nodeset_eval_all : eval == nodeset_eval_any;
+               }
+
+               template <class Comp> static bool compare_rel(xpath_ast_node* lhs, xpath_ast_node* rhs, const xpath_context& c, const xpath_stack& stack, const Comp& comp)
+               {
+                       xpath_value_type lt = lhs->rettype(), rt = rhs->rettype();
+
+                       if (lt != xpath_type_node_set && rt != xpath_type_node_set)
+                               return comp(lhs->eval_number(c, stack), rhs->eval_number(c, stack));
+                       else if (lt == xpath_type_node_set && rt == xpath_type_node_set)
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               xpath_node_set_raw ls = lhs->eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_all);
+                               xpath_node_set_raw rs = rhs->eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_all);
+
+                               for (const xpath_node* li = ls.begin(); li != ls.end(); ++li)
+                               {
+                                       xpath_allocator_capture cri(stack.result);
+
+                                       double l = convert_string_to_number(string_value(*li, stack.result).c_str());
+
+                                       for (const xpath_node* ri = rs.begin(); ri != rs.end(); ++ri)
+                                       {
+                                               xpath_allocator_capture crii(stack.result);
+
+                                               if (comp(l, convert_string_to_number(string_value(*ri, stack.result).c_str())))
+                                                       return true;
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               return false;
+                       }
+                       else if (lt != xpath_type_node_set && rt == xpath_type_node_set)
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               double l = lhs->eval_number(c, stack);
+                               xpath_node_set_raw rs = rhs->eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_all);
+
+                               for (const xpath_node* ri = rs.begin(); ri != rs.end(); ++ri)
+                               {
+                                       xpath_allocator_capture cri(stack.result);
+
+                                       if (comp(l, convert_string_to_number(string_value(*ri, stack.result).c_str())))
+                                               return true;
+                               }
+
+                               return false;
+                       }
+                       else if (lt == xpath_type_node_set && rt != xpath_type_node_set)
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               xpath_node_set_raw ls = lhs->eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_all);
+                               double r = rhs->eval_number(c, stack);
+
+                               for (const xpath_node* li = ls.begin(); li != ls.end(); ++li)
+                               {
+                                       xpath_allocator_capture cri(stack.result);
+
+                                       if (comp(convert_string_to_number(string_value(*li, stack.result).c_str()), r))
+                                               return true;
+                               }
+
+                               return false;
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               assert(false && "Wrong types"); // unreachable
+                               return false;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               static void apply_predicate_boolean(xpath_node_set_raw& ns, size_t first, xpath_ast_node* expr, const xpath_stack& stack, bool once)
+               {
+                       assert(ns.size() >= first);
+                       assert(expr->rettype() != xpath_type_number);
+
+                       size_t i = 1;
+                       size_t size = ns.size() - first;
+
+                       xpath_node* last = ns.begin() + first;
+
+                       // remove_if... or well, sort of
+                       for (xpath_node* it = last; it != ns.end(); ++it, ++i)
+                       {
+                               xpath_context c(*it, i, size);
+
+                               if (expr->eval_boolean(c, stack))
+                               {
+                                       *last++ = *it;
+
+                                       if (once) break;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       ns.truncate(last);
+               }
+
+               static void apply_predicate_number(xpath_node_set_raw& ns, size_t first, xpath_ast_node* expr, const xpath_stack& stack, bool once)
+               {
+                       assert(ns.size() >= first);
+                       assert(expr->rettype() == xpath_type_number);
+
+                       size_t i = 1;
+                       size_t size = ns.size() - first;
+
+                       xpath_node* last = ns.begin() + first;
+
+                       // remove_if... or well, sort of
+                       for (xpath_node* it = last; it != ns.end(); ++it, ++i)
+                       {
+                               xpath_context c(*it, i, size);
+
+                               if (expr->eval_number(c, stack) == i)
+                               {
+                                       *last++ = *it;
+
+                                       if (once) break;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       ns.truncate(last);
+               }
+
+               static void apply_predicate_number_const(xpath_node_set_raw& ns, size_t first, xpath_ast_node* expr, const xpath_stack& stack)
+               {
+                       assert(ns.size() >= first);
+                       assert(expr->rettype() == xpath_type_number);
+
+                       size_t size = ns.size() - first;
+
+                       xpath_node* last = ns.begin() + first;
+
+                       xpath_context c(xpath_node(), 1, size);
+
+                       double er = expr->eval_number(c, stack);
+
+                       if (er >= 1.0 && er <= size)
+                       {
+                               size_t eri = static_cast<size_t>(er);
+
+                               if (er == eri)
+                               {
+                                       xpath_node r = last[eri - 1];
+
+                                       *last++ = r;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       ns.truncate(last);
+               }
+
+               void apply_predicate(xpath_node_set_raw& ns, size_t first, const xpath_stack& stack, bool once)
+               {
+                       if (ns.size() == first) return;
+
+                       assert(_type == ast_filter || _type == ast_predicate);
+
+                       if (_test == predicate_constant || _test == predicate_constant_one)
+                               apply_predicate_number_const(ns, first, _right, stack);
+                       else if (_right->rettype() == xpath_type_number)
+                               apply_predicate_number(ns, first, _right, stack, once);
+                       else
+                               apply_predicate_boolean(ns, first, _right, stack, once);
+               }
+
+               void apply_predicates(xpath_node_set_raw& ns, size_t first, const xpath_stack& stack, nodeset_eval_t eval)
+               {
+                       if (ns.size() == first) return;
+
+                       bool last_once = eval_once(ns.type(), eval);
+
+                       for (xpath_ast_node* pred = _right; pred; pred = pred->_next)
+                               pred->apply_predicate(ns, first, stack, !pred->_next && last_once);
+               }
+
+               bool step_push(xpath_node_set_raw& ns, xml_attribute_struct* a, xml_node_struct* parent, xpath_allocator* alloc)
+               {
+                       assert(a);
+
+                       const char_t* name = a->name ? a->name + 0 : PUGIXML_TEXT("");
+
+                       switch (_test)
+                       {
+                       case nodetest_name:
+                               if (strequal(name, _data.nodetest) && is_xpath_attribute(name))
+                               {
+                                       ns.push_back(xpath_node(xml_attribute(a), xml_node(parent)), alloc);
+                                       return true;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case nodetest_type_node:
+                       case nodetest_all:
+                               if (is_xpath_attribute(name))
+                               {
+                                       ns.push_back(xpath_node(xml_attribute(a), xml_node(parent)), alloc);
+                                       return true;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case nodetest_all_in_namespace:
+                               if (starts_with(name, _data.nodetest) && is_xpath_attribute(name))
+                               {
+                                       ns.push_back(xpath_node(xml_attribute(a), xml_node(parent)), alloc);
+                                       return true;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       default:
+                               ;
+                       }
+
+                       return false;
+               }
+
+               bool step_push(xpath_node_set_raw& ns, xml_node_struct* n, xpath_allocator* alloc)
+               {
+                       assert(n);
+
+                       xml_node_type type = PUGI__NODETYPE(n);
+
+                       switch (_test)
+                       {
+                       case nodetest_name:
+                               if (type == node_element && n->name && strequal(n->name, _data.nodetest))
+                               {
+                                       ns.push_back(xml_node(n), alloc);
+                                       return true;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case nodetest_type_node:
+                               ns.push_back(xml_node(n), alloc);
+                               return true;
+
+                       case nodetest_type_comment:
+                               if (type == node_comment)
+                               {
+                                       ns.push_back(xml_node(n), alloc);
+                                       return true;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case nodetest_type_text:
+                               if (type == node_pcdata || type == node_cdata)
+                               {
+                                       ns.push_back(xml_node(n), alloc);
+                                       return true;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case nodetest_type_pi:
+                               if (type == node_pi)
+                               {
+                                       ns.push_back(xml_node(n), alloc);
+                                       return true;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case nodetest_pi:
+                               if (type == node_pi && n->name && strequal(n->name, _data.nodetest))
+                               {
+                                       ns.push_back(xml_node(n), alloc);
+                                       return true;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case nodetest_all:
+                               if (type == node_element)
+                               {
+                                       ns.push_back(xml_node(n), alloc);
+                                       return true;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case nodetest_all_in_namespace:
+                               if (type == node_element && n->name && starts_with(n->name, _data.nodetest))
+                               {
+                                       ns.push_back(xml_node(n), alloc);
+                                       return true;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       default:
+                               assert(false && "Unknown axis"); // unreachable
+                       }
+
+                       return false;
+               }
+
+               template <class T> void step_fill(xpath_node_set_raw& ns, xml_node_struct* n, xpath_allocator* alloc, bool once, T)
+               {
+                       const axis_t axis = T::axis;
+
+                       switch (axis)
+                       {
+                       case axis_attribute:
+                       {
+                               for (xml_attribute_struct* a = n->first_attribute; a; a = a->next_attribute)
+                                       if (step_push(ns, a, n, alloc) & once)
+                                               return;
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case axis_child:
+                       {
+                               for (xml_node_struct* c = n->first_child; c; c = c->next_sibling)
+                                       if (step_push(ns, c, alloc) & once)
+                                               return;
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case axis_descendant:
+                       case axis_descendant_or_self:
+                       {
+                               if (axis == axis_descendant_or_self)
+                                       if (step_push(ns, n, alloc) & once)
+                                               return;
+
+                               xml_node_struct* cur = n->first_child;
+
+                               while (cur)
+                               {
+                                       if (step_push(ns, cur, alloc) & once)
+                                               return;
+
+                                       if (cur->first_child)
+                                               cur = cur->first_child;
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               while (!cur->next_sibling)
+                                               {
+                                                       cur = cur->parent;
+
+                                                       if (cur == n) return;
+                                               }
+
+                                               cur = cur->next_sibling;
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case axis_following_sibling:
+                       {
+                               for (xml_node_struct* c = n->next_sibling; c; c = c->next_sibling)
+                                       if (step_push(ns, c, alloc) & once)
+                                               return;
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case axis_preceding_sibling:
+                       {
+                               for (xml_node_struct* c = n->prev_sibling_c; c->next_sibling; c = c->prev_sibling_c)
+                                       if (step_push(ns, c, alloc) & once)
+                                               return;
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case axis_following:
+                       {
+                               xml_node_struct* cur = n;
+
+                               // exit from this node so that we don't include descendants
+                               while (!cur->next_sibling)
+                               {
+                                       cur = cur->parent;
+
+                                       if (!cur) return;
+                               }
+
+                               cur = cur->next_sibling;
+
+                               while (cur)
+                               {
+                                       if (step_push(ns, cur, alloc) & once)
+                                               return;
+
+                                       if (cur->first_child)
+                                               cur = cur->first_child;
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               while (!cur->next_sibling)
+                                               {
+                                                       cur = cur->parent;
+
+                                                       if (!cur) return;
+                                               }
+
+                                               cur = cur->next_sibling;
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case axis_preceding:
+                       {
+                               xml_node_struct* cur = n;
+
+                               // exit from this node so that we don't include descendants
+                               while (!cur->prev_sibling_c->next_sibling)
+                               {
+                                       cur = cur->parent;
+
+                                       if (!cur) return;
+                               }
+
+                               cur = cur->prev_sibling_c;
+
+                               while (cur)
+                               {
+                                       if (cur->first_child)
+                                               cur = cur->first_child->prev_sibling_c;
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               // leaf node, can't be ancestor
+                                               if (step_push(ns, cur, alloc) & once)
+                                                       return;
+
+                                               while (!cur->prev_sibling_c->next_sibling)
+                                               {
+                                                       cur = cur->parent;
+
+                                                       if (!cur) return;
+
+                                                       if (!node_is_ancestor(cur, n))
+                                                               if (step_push(ns, cur, alloc) & once)
+                                                                       return;
+                                               }
+
+                                               cur = cur->prev_sibling_c;
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case axis_ancestor:
+                       case axis_ancestor_or_self:
+                       {
+                               if (axis == axis_ancestor_or_self)
+                                       if (step_push(ns, n, alloc) & once)
+                                               return;
+
+                               xml_node_struct* cur = n->parent;
+
+                               while (cur)
+                               {
+                                       if (step_push(ns, cur, alloc) & once)
+                                               return;
+
+                                       cur = cur->parent;
+                               }
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case axis_self:
+                       {
+                               step_push(ns, n, alloc);
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case axis_parent:
+                       {
+                               if (n->parent)
+                                       step_push(ns, n->parent, alloc);
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       default:
+                               assert(false && "Unimplemented axis"); // unreachable
+                       }
+               }
+
+               template <class T> void step_fill(xpath_node_set_raw& ns, xml_attribute_struct* a, xml_node_struct* p, xpath_allocator* alloc, bool once, T v)
+               {
+                       const axis_t axis = T::axis;
+
+                       switch (axis)
+                       {
+                       case axis_ancestor:
+                       case axis_ancestor_or_self:
+                       {
+                               if (axis == axis_ancestor_or_self && _test == nodetest_type_node) // reject attributes based on principal node type test
+                                       if (step_push(ns, a, p, alloc) & once)
+                                               return;
+
+                               xml_node_struct* cur = p;
+
+                               while (cur)
+                               {
+                                       if (step_push(ns, cur, alloc) & once)
+                                               return;
+
+                                       cur = cur->parent;
+                               }
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case axis_descendant_or_self:
+                       case axis_self:
+                       {
+                               if (_test == nodetest_type_node) // reject attributes based on principal node type test
+                                       step_push(ns, a, p, alloc);
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case axis_following:
+                       {
+                               xml_node_struct* cur = p;
+
+                               while (cur)
+                               {
+                                       if (cur->first_child)
+                                               cur = cur->first_child;
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               while (!cur->next_sibling)
+                                               {
+                                                       cur = cur->parent;
+
+                                                       if (!cur) return;
+                                               }
+
+                                               cur = cur->next_sibling;
+                                       }
+
+                                       if (step_push(ns, cur, alloc) & once)
+                                               return;
+                               }
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case axis_parent:
+                       {
+                               step_push(ns, p, alloc);
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case axis_preceding:
+                       {
+                               // preceding:: axis does not include attribute nodes and attribute ancestors (they are the same as parent's ancestors), so we can reuse node preceding
+                               step_fill(ns, p, alloc, once, v);
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       default:
+                               assert(false && "Unimplemented axis"); // unreachable
+                       }
+               }
+
+               template <class T> void step_fill(xpath_node_set_raw& ns, const xpath_node& xn, xpath_allocator* alloc, bool once, T v)
+               {
+                       const axis_t axis = T::axis;
+                       const bool axis_has_attributes = (axis == axis_ancestor || axis == axis_ancestor_or_self || axis == axis_descendant_or_self || axis == axis_following || axis == axis_parent || axis == axis_preceding || axis == axis_self);
+
+                       if (xn.node())
+                               step_fill(ns, xn.node().internal_object(), alloc, once, v);
+                       else if (axis_has_attributes && xn.attribute() && xn.parent())
+                               step_fill(ns, xn.attribute().internal_object(), xn.parent().internal_object(), alloc, once, v);
+               }
+
+               template <class T> xpath_node_set_raw step_do(const xpath_context& c, const xpath_stack& stack, nodeset_eval_t eval, T v)
+               {
+                       const axis_t axis = T::axis;
+                       const bool axis_reverse = (axis == axis_ancestor || axis == axis_ancestor_or_self || axis == axis_preceding || axis == axis_preceding_sibling);
+                       const xpath_node_set::type_t axis_type = axis_reverse ? xpath_node_set::type_sorted_reverse : xpath_node_set::type_sorted;
+
+                       bool once =
+                               (axis == axis_attribute && _test == nodetest_name) ||
+                               (!_right && eval_once(axis_type, eval)) ||
+                               (_right && !_right->_next && _right->_test == predicate_constant_one);
+
+                       xpath_node_set_raw ns;
+                       ns.set_type(axis_type);
+
+                       if (_left)
+                       {
+                               xpath_node_set_raw s = _left->eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_all);
+
+                               // self axis preserves the original order
+                               if (axis == axis_self) ns.set_type(s.type());
+
+                               for (const xpath_node* it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); ++it)
+                               {
+                                       size_t size = ns.size();
+
+                                       // in general, all axes generate elements in a particular order, but there is no order guarantee if axis is applied to two nodes
+                                       if (axis != axis_self && size != 0) ns.set_type(xpath_node_set::type_unsorted);
+
+                                       step_fill(ns, *it, stack.result, once, v);
+                                       if (_right) apply_predicates(ns, size, stack, eval);
+                               }
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               step_fill(ns, c.n, stack.result, once, v);
+                               if (_right) apply_predicates(ns, 0, stack, eval);
+                       }
+
+                       // child, attribute and self axes always generate unique set of nodes
+                       // for other axis, if the set stayed sorted, it stayed unique because the traversal algorithms do not visit the same node twice
+                       if (axis != axis_child && axis != axis_attribute && axis != axis_self && ns.type() == xpath_node_set::type_unsorted)
+                               ns.remove_duplicates();
+
+                       return ns;
+               }
+
+       public:
+               xpath_ast_node(ast_type_t type, xpath_value_type rettype_, const char_t* value):
+                       _type(static_cast<char>(type)), _rettype(static_cast<char>(rettype_)), _axis(0), _test(0), _left(0), _right(0), _next(0)
+               {
+                       assert(type == ast_string_constant);
+                       _data.string = value;
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node(ast_type_t type, xpath_value_type rettype_, double value):
+                       _type(static_cast<char>(type)), _rettype(static_cast<char>(rettype_)), _axis(0), _test(0), _left(0), _right(0), _next(0)
+               {
+                       assert(type == ast_number_constant);
+                       _data.number = value;
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node(ast_type_t type, xpath_value_type rettype_, xpath_variable* value):
+                       _type(static_cast<char>(type)), _rettype(static_cast<char>(rettype_)), _axis(0), _test(0), _left(0), _right(0), _next(0)
+               {
+                       assert(type == ast_variable);
+                       _data.variable = value;
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node(ast_type_t type, xpath_value_type rettype_, xpath_ast_node* left = 0, xpath_ast_node* right = 0):
+                       _type(static_cast<char>(type)), _rettype(static_cast<char>(rettype_)), _axis(0), _test(0), _left(left), _right(right), _next(0)
+               {
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node(ast_type_t type, xpath_ast_node* left, axis_t axis, nodetest_t test, const char_t* contents):
+                       _type(static_cast<char>(type)), _rettype(xpath_type_node_set), _axis(static_cast<char>(axis)), _test(static_cast<char>(test)), _left(left), _right(0), _next(0)
+               {
+                       assert(type == ast_step);
+                       _data.nodetest = contents;
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node(ast_type_t type, xpath_ast_node* left, xpath_ast_node* right, predicate_t test):
+                       _type(static_cast<char>(type)), _rettype(xpath_type_node_set), _axis(0), _test(static_cast<char>(test)), _left(left), _right(right), _next(0)
+               {
+                       assert(type == ast_filter || type == ast_predicate);
+               }
+
+               void set_next(xpath_ast_node* value)
+               {
+                       _next = value;
+               }
+
+               void set_right(xpath_ast_node* value)
+               {
+                       _right = value;
+               }
+
+               bool eval_boolean(const xpath_context& c, const xpath_stack& stack)
+               {
+                       switch (_type)
+                       {
+                       case ast_op_or:
+                               return _left->eval_boolean(c, stack) || _right->eval_boolean(c, stack);
+
+                       case ast_op_and:
+                               return _left->eval_boolean(c, stack) && _right->eval_boolean(c, stack);
+
+                       case ast_op_equal:
+                               return compare_eq(_left, _right, c, stack, equal_to());
+
+                       case ast_op_not_equal:
+                               return compare_eq(_left, _right, c, stack, not_equal_to());
+
+                       case ast_op_less:
+                               return compare_rel(_left, _right, c, stack, less());
+
+                       case ast_op_greater:
+                               return compare_rel(_right, _left, c, stack, less());
+
+                       case ast_op_less_or_equal:
+                               return compare_rel(_left, _right, c, stack, less_equal());
+
+                       case ast_op_greater_or_equal:
+                               return compare_rel(_right, _left, c, stack, less_equal());
+
+                       case ast_func_starts_with:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               xpath_string lr = _left->eval_string(c, stack);
+                               xpath_string rr = _right->eval_string(c, stack);
+
+                               return starts_with(lr.c_str(), rr.c_str());
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_contains:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               xpath_string lr = _left->eval_string(c, stack);
+                               xpath_string rr = _right->eval_string(c, stack);
+
+                               return find_substring(lr.c_str(), rr.c_str()) != 0;
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_boolean:
+                               return _left->eval_boolean(c, stack);
+
+                       case ast_func_not:
+                               return !_left->eval_boolean(c, stack);
+
+                       case ast_func_true:
+                               return true;
+
+                       case ast_func_false:
+                               return false;
+
+                       case ast_func_lang:
+                       {
+                               if (c.n.attribute()) return false;
+
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               xpath_string lang = _left->eval_string(c, stack);
+
+                               for (xml_node n = c.n.node(); n; n = n.parent())
+                               {
+                                       xml_attribute a = n.attribute(PUGIXML_TEXT("xml:lang"));
+
+                                       if (a)
+                                       {
+                                               const char_t* value = a.value();
+
+                                               // strnicmp / strncasecmp is not portable
+                                               for (const char_t* lit = lang.c_str(); *lit; ++lit)
+                                               {
+                                                       if (tolower_ascii(*lit) != tolower_ascii(*value)) return false;
+                                                       ++value;
+                                               }
+
+                                               return *value == 0 || *value == '-';
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               return false;
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_opt_compare_attribute:
+                       {
+                               const char_t* value = (_right->_type == ast_string_constant) ? _right->_data.string : _right->_data.variable->get_string();
+
+                               xml_attribute attr = c.n.node().attribute(_left->_data.nodetest);
+
+                               return attr && strequal(attr.value(), value) && is_xpath_attribute(attr.name());
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_variable:
+                       {
+                               assert(_rettype == _data.variable->type());
+
+                               if (_rettype == xpath_type_boolean)
+                                       return _data.variable->get_boolean();
+                       }
+
+                       // fallthrough
+                       default:
+                       {
+                               switch (_rettype)
+                               {
+                               case xpath_type_number:
+                                       return convert_number_to_boolean(eval_number(c, stack));
+
+                               case xpath_type_string:
+                               {
+                                       xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                                       return !eval_string(c, stack).empty();
+                               }
+
+                               case xpath_type_node_set:
+                               {
+                                       xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                                       return !eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_any).empty();
+                               }
+
+                               default:
+                                       assert(false && "Wrong expression for return type boolean"); // unreachable
+                                       return false;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               double eval_number(const xpath_context& c, const xpath_stack& stack)
+               {
+                       switch (_type)
+                       {
+                       case ast_op_add:
+                               return _left->eval_number(c, stack) + _right->eval_number(c, stack);
+
+                       case ast_op_subtract:
+                               return _left->eval_number(c, stack) - _right->eval_number(c, stack);
+
+                       case ast_op_multiply:
+                               return _left->eval_number(c, stack) * _right->eval_number(c, stack);
+
+                       case ast_op_divide:
+                               return _left->eval_number(c, stack) / _right->eval_number(c, stack);
+
+                       case ast_op_mod:
+                               return fmod(_left->eval_number(c, stack), _right->eval_number(c, stack));
+
+                       case ast_op_negate:
+                               return -_left->eval_number(c, stack);
+
+                       case ast_number_constant:
+                               return _data.number;
+
+                       case ast_func_last:
+                               return static_cast<double>(c.size);
+
+                       case ast_func_position:
+                               return static_cast<double>(c.position);
+
+                       case ast_func_count:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               return static_cast<double>(_left->eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_all).size());
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_string_length_0:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               return static_cast<double>(string_value(c.n, stack.result).length());
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_string_length_1:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               return static_cast<double>(_left->eval_string(c, stack).length());
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_number_0:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               return convert_string_to_number(string_value(c.n, stack.result).c_str());
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_number_1:
+                               return _left->eval_number(c, stack);
+
+                       case ast_func_sum:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               double r = 0;
+
+                               xpath_node_set_raw ns = _left->eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_all);
+
+                               for (const xpath_node* it = ns.begin(); it != ns.end(); ++it)
+                               {
+                                       xpath_allocator_capture cri(stack.result);
+
+                                       r += convert_string_to_number(string_value(*it, stack.result).c_str());
+                               }
+
+                               return r;
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_floor:
+                       {
+                               double r = _left->eval_number(c, stack);
+
+                               return r == r ? floor(r) : r;
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_ceiling:
+                       {
+                               double r = _left->eval_number(c, stack);
+
+                               return r == r ? ceil(r) : r;
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_round:
+                               return round_nearest_nzero(_left->eval_number(c, stack));
+
+                       case ast_variable:
+                       {
+                               assert(_rettype == _data.variable->type());
+
+                               if (_rettype == xpath_type_number)
+                                       return _data.variable->get_number();
+                       }
+
+                       // fallthrough
+                       default:
+                       {
+                               switch (_rettype)
+                               {
+                               case xpath_type_boolean:
+                                       return eval_boolean(c, stack) ? 1 : 0;
+
+                               case xpath_type_string:
+                               {
+                                       xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                                       return convert_string_to_number(eval_string(c, stack).c_str());
+                               }
+
+                               case xpath_type_node_set:
+                               {
+                                       xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                                       return convert_string_to_number(eval_string(c, stack).c_str());
+                               }
+
+                               default:
+                                       assert(false && "Wrong expression for return type number"); // unreachable
+                                       return 0;
+                               }
+
+                       }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               xpath_string eval_string_concat(const xpath_context& c, const xpath_stack& stack)
+               {
+                       assert(_type == ast_func_concat);
+
+                       xpath_allocator_capture ct(stack.temp);
+
+                       // count the string number
+                       size_t count = 1;
+                       for (xpath_ast_node* nc = _right; nc; nc = nc->_next) count++;
+
+                       // allocate a buffer for temporary string objects
+                       xpath_string* buffer = static_cast<xpath_string*>(stack.temp->allocate(count * sizeof(xpath_string)));
+                       if (!buffer) return xpath_string();
+
+                       // evaluate all strings to temporary stack
+                       xpath_stack swapped_stack = {stack.temp, stack.result};
+
+                       buffer[0] = _left->eval_string(c, swapped_stack);
+
+                       size_t pos = 1;
+                       for (xpath_ast_node* n = _right; n; n = n->_next, ++pos) buffer[pos] = n->eval_string(c, swapped_stack);
+                       assert(pos == count);
+
+                       // get total length
+                       size_t length = 0;
+                       for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) length += buffer[i].length();
+
+                       // create final string
+                       char_t* result = static_cast<char_t*>(stack.result->allocate((length + 1) * sizeof(char_t)));
+                       if (!result) return xpath_string();
+
+                       char_t* ri = result;
+
+                       for (size_t j = 0; j < count; ++j)
+                               for (const char_t* bi = buffer[j].c_str(); *bi; ++bi)
+                                       *ri++ = *bi;
+
+                       *ri = 0;
+
+                       return xpath_string::from_heap_preallocated(result, ri);
+               }
+
+               xpath_string eval_string(const xpath_context& c, const xpath_stack& stack)
+               {
+                       switch (_type)
+                       {
+                       case ast_string_constant:
+                               return xpath_string::from_const(_data.string);
+
+                       case ast_func_local_name_0:
+                       {
+                               xpath_node na = c.n;
+
+                               return xpath_string::from_const(local_name(na));
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_local_name_1:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               xpath_node_set_raw ns = _left->eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_first);
+                               xpath_node na = ns.first();
+
+                               return xpath_string::from_const(local_name(na));
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_name_0:
+                       {
+                               xpath_node na = c.n;
+
+                               return xpath_string::from_const(qualified_name(na));
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_name_1:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               xpath_node_set_raw ns = _left->eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_first);
+                               xpath_node na = ns.first();
+
+                               return xpath_string::from_const(qualified_name(na));
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_namespace_uri_0:
+                       {
+                               xpath_node na = c.n;
+
+                               return xpath_string::from_const(namespace_uri(na));
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_namespace_uri_1:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.result);
+
+                               xpath_node_set_raw ns = _left->eval_node_set(c, stack, nodeset_eval_first);
+                               xpath_node na = ns.first();
+
+                               return xpath_string::from_const(namespace_uri(na));
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_string_0:
+                               return string_value(c.n, stack.result);
+
+                       case ast_func_string_1:
+                               return _left->eval_string(c, stack);
+
+                       case ast_func_concat:
+                               return eval_string_concat(c, stack);
+
+                       case ast_func_substring_before:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.temp);
+
+                               xpath_stack swapped_stack = {stack.temp, stack.result};
+
+                               xpath_string s = _left->eval_string(c, swapped_stack);
+                               xpath_string p = _right->eval_string(c, swapped_stack);
+
+                               const char_t* pos = find_substring(s.c_str(), p.c_str());
+
+                               return pos ? xpath_string::from_heap(s.c_str(), pos, stack.result) : xpath_string();
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_substring_after:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.temp);
+
+                               xpath_stack swapped_stack = {stack.temp, stack.result};
+
+                               xpath_string s = _left->eval_string(c, swapped_stack);
+                               xpath_string p = _right->eval_string(c, swapped_stack);
+
+                               const char_t* pos = find_substring(s.c_str(), p.c_str());
+                               if (!pos) return xpath_string();
+
+                               const char_t* rbegin = pos + p.length();
+                               const char_t* rend = s.c_str() + s.length();
+
+                               return s.uses_heap() ? xpath_string::from_heap(rbegin, rend, stack.result) : xpath_string::from_const(rbegin);
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_substring_2:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.temp);
+
+                               xpath_stack swapped_stack = {stack.temp, stack.result};
+
+                               xpath_string s = _left->eval_string(c, swapped_stack);
+                               size_t s_length = s.length();
+
+                               double first = round_nearest(_right->eval_number(c, stack));
+
+                               if (is_nan(first)) return xpath_string(); // NaN
+                               else if (first >= s_length + 1) return xpath_string();
+
+                               size_t pos = first < 1 ? 1 : static_cast<size_t>(first);
+                               assert(1 <= pos && pos <= s_length + 1);
+
+                               const char_t* rbegin = s.c_str() + (pos - 1);
+                               const char_t* rend = s.c_str() + s.length();
+
+                               return s.uses_heap() ? xpath_string::from_heap(rbegin, rend, stack.result) : xpath_string::from_const(rbegin);
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_substring_3:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.temp);
+
+                               xpath_stack swapped_stack = {stack.temp, stack.result};
+
+                               xpath_string s = _left->eval_string(c, swapped_stack);
+                               size_t s_length = s.length();
+
+                               double first = round_nearest(_right->eval_number(c, stack));
+                               double last = first + round_nearest(_right->_next->eval_number(c, stack));
+
+                               if (is_nan(first) || is_nan(last)) return xpath_string();
+                               else if (first >= s_length + 1) return xpath_string();
+                               else if (first >= last) return xpath_string();
+                               else if (last < 1) return xpath_string();
+
+                               size_t pos = first < 1 ? 1 : static_cast<size_t>(first);
+                               size_t end = last >= s_length + 1 ? s_length + 1 : static_cast<size_t>(last);
+
+                               assert(1 <= pos && pos <= end && end <= s_length + 1);
+                               const char_t* rbegin = s.c_str() + (pos - 1);
+                               const char_t* rend = s.c_str() + (end - 1);
+
+                               return (end == s_length + 1 && !s.uses_heap()) ? xpath_string::from_const(rbegin) : xpath_string::from_heap(rbegin, rend, stack.result);
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_normalize_space_0:
+                       {
+                               xpath_string s = string_value(c.n, stack.result);
+
+                               char_t* begin = s.data(stack.result);
+                               if (!begin) return xpath_string();
+
+                               char_t* end = normalize_space(begin);
+
+                               return xpath_string::from_heap_preallocated(begin, end);
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_normalize_space_1:
+                       {
+                               xpath_string s = _left->eval_string(c, stack);
+
+                               char_t* begin = s.data(stack.result);
+                               if (!begin) return xpath_string();
+
+                               char_t* end = normalize_space(begin);
+
+                               return xpath_string::from_heap_preallocated(begin, end);
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_translate:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.temp);
+
+                               xpath_stack swapped_stack = {stack.temp, stack.result};
+
+                               xpath_string s = _left->eval_string(c, stack);
+                               xpath_string from = _right->eval_string(c, swapped_stack);
+                               xpath_string to = _right->_next->eval_string(c, swapped_stack);
+
+                               char_t* begin = s.data(stack.result);
+                               if (!begin) return xpath_string();
+
+                               char_t* end = translate(begin, from.c_str(), to.c_str(), to.length());
+
+                               return xpath_string::from_heap_preallocated(begin, end);
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_opt_translate_table:
+                       {
+                               xpath_string s = _left->eval_string(c, stack);
+
+                               char_t* begin = s.data(stack.result);
+                               if (!begin) return xpath_string();
+
+                               char_t* end = translate_table(begin, _data.table);
+
+                               return xpath_string::from_heap_preallocated(begin, end);
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_variable:
+                       {
+                               assert(_rettype == _data.variable->type());
+
+                               if (_rettype == xpath_type_string)
+                                       return xpath_string::from_const(_data.variable->get_string());
+                       }
+
+                       // fallthrough
+                       default:
+                       {
+                               switch (_rettype)
+                               {
+                               case xpath_type_boolean:
+                                       return xpath_string::from_const(eval_boolean(c, stack) ? PUGIXML_TEXT("true") : PUGIXML_TEXT("false"));
+
+                               case xpath_type_number:
+                                       return convert_number_to_string(eval_number(c, stack), stack.result);
+
+                               case xpath_type_node_set:
+                               {
+                                       xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.temp);
+
+                                       xpath_stack swapped_stack = {stack.temp, stack.result};
+
+                                       xpath_node_set_raw ns = eval_node_set(c, swapped_stack, nodeset_eval_first);
+                                       return ns.empty() ? xpath_string() : string_value(ns.first(), stack.result);
+                               }
+
+                               default:
+                                       assert(false && "Wrong expression for return type string"); // unreachable
+                                       return xpath_string();
+                               }
+                       }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               xpath_node_set_raw eval_node_set(const xpath_context& c, const xpath_stack& stack, nodeset_eval_t eval)
+               {
+                       switch (_type)
+                       {
+                       case ast_op_union:
+                       {
+                               xpath_allocator_capture cr(stack.temp);
+
+                               xpath_stack swapped_stack = {stack.temp, stack.result};
+
+                               xpath_node_set_raw ls = _left->eval_node_set(c, swapped_stack, eval);
+                               xpath_node_set_raw rs = _right->eval_node_set(c, stack, eval);
+
+                               // we can optimize merging two sorted sets, but this is a very rare operation, so don't bother
+                               rs.set_type(xpath_node_set::type_unsorted);
+
+                               rs.append(ls.begin(), ls.end(), stack.result);
+                               rs.remove_duplicates();
+
+                               return rs;
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_filter:
+                       {
+                               xpath_node_set_raw set = _left->eval_node_set(c, stack, _test == predicate_constant_one ? nodeset_eval_first : nodeset_eval_all);
+
+                               // either expression is a number or it contains position() call; sort by document order
+                               if (_test != predicate_posinv) set.sort_do();
+
+                               bool once = eval_once(set.type(), eval);
+
+                               apply_predicate(set, 0, stack, once);
+
+                               return set;
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_func_id:
+                               return xpath_node_set_raw();
+
+                       case ast_step:
+                       {
+                               switch (_axis)
+                               {
+                               case axis_ancestor:
+                                       return step_do(c, stack, eval, axis_to_type<axis_ancestor>());
+
+                               case axis_ancestor_or_self:
+                                       return step_do(c, stack, eval, axis_to_type<axis_ancestor_or_self>());
+
+                               case axis_attribute:
+                                       return step_do(c, stack, eval, axis_to_type<axis_attribute>());
+
+                               case axis_child:
+                                       return step_do(c, stack, eval, axis_to_type<axis_child>());
+
+                               case axis_descendant:
+                                       return step_do(c, stack, eval, axis_to_type<axis_descendant>());
+
+                               case axis_descendant_or_self:
+                                       return step_do(c, stack, eval, axis_to_type<axis_descendant_or_self>());
+
+                               case axis_following:
+                                       return step_do(c, stack, eval, axis_to_type<axis_following>());
+
+                               case axis_following_sibling:
+                                       return step_do(c, stack, eval, axis_to_type<axis_following_sibling>());
+
+                               case axis_namespace:
+                                       // namespaced axis is not supported
+                                       return xpath_node_set_raw();
+
+                               case axis_parent:
+                                       return step_do(c, stack, eval, axis_to_type<axis_parent>());
+
+                               case axis_preceding:
+                                       return step_do(c, stack, eval, axis_to_type<axis_preceding>());
+
+                               case axis_preceding_sibling:
+                                       return step_do(c, stack, eval, axis_to_type<axis_preceding_sibling>());
+
+                               case axis_self:
+                                       return step_do(c, stack, eval, axis_to_type<axis_self>());
+
+                               default:
+                                       assert(false && "Unknown axis"); // unreachable
+                                       return xpath_node_set_raw();
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_step_root:
+                       {
+                               assert(!_right); // root step can't have any predicates
+
+                               xpath_node_set_raw ns;
+
+                               ns.set_type(xpath_node_set::type_sorted);
+
+                               if (c.n.node()) ns.push_back(c.n.node().root(), stack.result);
+                               else if (c.n.attribute()) ns.push_back(c.n.parent().root(), stack.result);
+
+                               return ns;
+                       }
+
+                       case ast_variable:
+                       {
+                               assert(_rettype == _data.variable->type());
+
+                               if (_rettype == xpath_type_node_set)
+                               {
+                                       const xpath_node_set& s = _data.variable->get_node_set();
+
+                                       xpath_node_set_raw ns;
+
+                                       ns.set_type(s.type());
+                                       ns.append(s.begin(), s.end(), stack.result);
+
+                                       return ns;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       // fallthrough
+                       default:
+                               assert(false && "Wrong expression for return type node set"); // unreachable
+                               return xpath_node_set_raw();
+                       }
+               }
+
+               void optimize(xpath_allocator* alloc)
+               {
+                       if (_left)
+                               _left->optimize(alloc);
+
+                       if (_right)
+                               _right->optimize(alloc);
+
+                       if (_next)
+                               _next->optimize(alloc);
+
+                       optimize_self(alloc);
+               }
+
+               void optimize_self(xpath_allocator* alloc)
+               {
+                       // Rewrite [position()=expr] with [expr]
+                       // Note that this step has to go before classification to recognize [position()=1]
+                       if ((_type == ast_filter || _type == ast_predicate) &&
+                               _right->_type == ast_op_equal && _right->_left->_type == ast_func_position && _right->_right->_rettype == xpath_type_number)
+                       {
+                               _right = _right->_right;
+                       }
+
+                       // Classify filter/predicate ops to perform various optimizations during evaluation
+                       if (_type == ast_filter || _type == ast_predicate)
+                       {
+                               assert(_test == predicate_default);
+
+                               if (_right->_type == ast_number_constant && _right->_data.number == 1.0)
+                                       _test = predicate_constant_one;
+                               else if (_right->_rettype == xpath_type_number && (_right->_type == ast_number_constant || _right->_type == ast_variable || _right->_type == ast_func_last))
+                                       _test = predicate_constant;
+                               else if (_right->_rettype != xpath_type_number && _right->is_posinv_expr())
+                                       _test = predicate_posinv;
+                       }
+
+                       // Rewrite descendant-or-self::node()/child::foo with descendant::foo
+                       // The former is a full form of //foo, the latter is much faster since it executes the node test immediately
+                       // Do a similar kind of rewrite for self/descendant/descendant-or-self axes
+                       // Note that we only rewrite positionally invariant steps (//foo[1] != /descendant::foo[1])
+                       if (_type == ast_step && (_axis == axis_child || _axis == axis_self || _axis == axis_descendant || _axis == axis_descendant_or_self) && _left &&
+                               _left->_type == ast_step && _left->_axis == axis_descendant_or_self && _left->_test == nodetest_type_node && !_left->_right &&
+                               is_posinv_step())
+                       {
+                               if (_axis == axis_child || _axis == axis_descendant)
+                                       _axis = axis_descendant;
+                               else
+                                       _axis = axis_descendant_or_self;
+
+                               _left = _left->_left;
+                       }
+
+                       // Use optimized lookup table implementation for translate() with constant arguments
+                       if (_type == ast_func_translate && _right->_type == ast_string_constant && _right->_next->_type == ast_string_constant)
+                       {
+                               unsigned char* table = translate_table_generate(alloc, _right->_data.string, _right->_next->_data.string);
+
+                               if (table)
+                               {
+                                       _type = ast_opt_translate_table;
+                                       _data.table = table;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       // Use optimized path for @attr = 'value' or @attr = $value
+                       if (_type == ast_op_equal &&
+                               _left->_type == ast_step && _left->_axis == axis_attribute && _left->_test == nodetest_name && !_left->_left && !_left->_right &&
+                               (_right->_type == ast_string_constant || (_right->_type == ast_variable && _right->_rettype == xpath_type_string)))
+                       {
+                               _type = ast_opt_compare_attribute;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               bool is_posinv_expr() const
+               {
+                       switch (_type)
+                       {
+                       case ast_func_position:
+                       case ast_func_last:
+                               return false;
+
+                       case ast_string_constant:
+                       case ast_number_constant:
+                       case ast_variable:
+                               return true;
+
+                       case ast_step:
+                       case ast_step_root:
+                               return true;
+
+                       case ast_predicate:
+                       case ast_filter:
+                               return true;
+
+                       default:
+                               if (_left && !_left->is_posinv_expr()) return false;
+
+                               for (xpath_ast_node* n = _right; n; n = n->_next)
+                                       if (!n->is_posinv_expr()) return false;
+
+                               return true;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               bool is_posinv_step() const
+               {
+                       assert(_type == ast_step);
+
+                       for (xpath_ast_node* n = _right; n; n = n->_next)
+                       {
+                               assert(n->_type == ast_predicate);
+
+                               if (n->_test != predicate_posinv)
+                                       return false;
+                       }
+
+                       return true;
+               }
+
+               xpath_value_type rettype() const
+               {
+                       return static_cast<xpath_value_type>(_rettype);
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct xpath_parser
+       {
+               xpath_allocator* _alloc;
+               xpath_lexer _lexer;
+
+               const char_t* _query;
+               xpath_variable_set* _variables;
+
+               xpath_parse_result* _result;
+
+               char_t _scratch[32];
+
+               xpath_ast_node* error(const char* message)
+               {
+                       _result->error = message;
+                       _result->offset = _lexer.current_pos() - _query;
+
+                       return 0;
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node* error_oom()
+               {
+                       assert(_alloc->_error);
+                       *_alloc->_error = true;
+
+                       return 0;
+               }
+
+               void* alloc_node()
+               {
+                       return _alloc->allocate(sizeof(xpath_ast_node));
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node* alloc_node(ast_type_t type, xpath_value_type rettype, const char_t* value)
+               {
+                       void* memory = alloc_node();
+                       return memory ? new (memory) xpath_ast_node(type, rettype, value) : 0;
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node* alloc_node(ast_type_t type, xpath_value_type rettype, double value)
+               {
+                       void* memory = alloc_node();
+                       return memory ? new (memory) xpath_ast_node(type, rettype, value) : 0;
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node* alloc_node(ast_type_t type, xpath_value_type rettype, xpath_variable* value)
+               {
+                       void* memory = alloc_node();
+                       return memory ? new (memory) xpath_ast_node(type, rettype, value) : 0;
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node* alloc_node(ast_type_t type, xpath_value_type rettype, xpath_ast_node* left = 0, xpath_ast_node* right = 0)
+               {
+                       void* memory = alloc_node();
+                       return memory ? new (memory) xpath_ast_node(type, rettype, left, right) : 0;
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node* alloc_node(ast_type_t type, xpath_ast_node* left, axis_t axis, nodetest_t test, const char_t* contents)
+               {
+                       void* memory = alloc_node();
+                       return memory ? new (memory) xpath_ast_node(type, left, axis, test, contents) : 0;
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node* alloc_node(ast_type_t type, xpath_ast_node* left, xpath_ast_node* right, predicate_t test)
+               {
+                       void* memory = alloc_node();
+                       return memory ? new (memory) xpath_ast_node(type, left, right, test) : 0;
+               }
+
+               const char_t* alloc_string(const xpath_lexer_string& value)
+               {
+                       if (!value.begin)
+                               return PUGIXML_TEXT("");
+
+                       size_t length = static_cast<size_t>(value.end - value.begin);
+
+                       char_t* c = static_cast<char_t*>(_alloc->allocate((length + 1) * sizeof(char_t)));
+                       if (!c) return 0;
+
+                       memcpy(c, value.begin, length * sizeof(char_t));
+                       c[length] = 0;
+
+                       return c;
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node* parse_function(const xpath_lexer_string& name, size_t argc, xpath_ast_node* args[2])
+               {
+                       switch (name.begin[0])
+                       {
+                       case 'b':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("boolean") && argc == 1)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_boolean, xpath_type_boolean, args[0]);
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'c':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("count") && argc == 1)
+                               {
+                                       if (args[0]->rettype() != xpath_type_node_set) return error("Function has to be applied to node set");
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_count, xpath_type_number, args[0]);
+                               }
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("contains") && argc == 2)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_contains, xpath_type_boolean, args[0], args[1]);
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("concat") && argc >= 2)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_concat, xpath_type_string, args[0], args[1]);
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("ceiling") && argc == 1)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_ceiling, xpath_type_number, args[0]);
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'f':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("false") && argc == 0)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_false, xpath_type_boolean);
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("floor") && argc == 1)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_floor, xpath_type_number, args[0]);
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'i':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("id") && argc == 1)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_id, xpath_type_node_set, args[0]);
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'l':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("last") && argc == 0)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_last, xpath_type_number);
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("lang") && argc == 1)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_lang, xpath_type_boolean, args[0]);
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("local-name") && argc <= 1)
+                               {
+                                       if (argc == 1 && args[0]->rettype() != xpath_type_node_set) return error("Function has to be applied to node set");
+                                       return alloc_node(argc == 0 ? ast_func_local_name_0 : ast_func_local_name_1, xpath_type_string, args[0]);
+                               }
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'n':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("name") && argc <= 1)
+                               {
+                                       if (argc == 1 && args[0]->rettype() != xpath_type_node_set) return error("Function has to be applied to node set");
+                                       return alloc_node(argc == 0 ? ast_func_name_0 : ast_func_name_1, xpath_type_string, args[0]);
+                               }
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("namespace-uri") && argc <= 1)
+                               {
+                                       if (argc == 1 && args[0]->rettype() != xpath_type_node_set) return error("Function has to be applied to node set");
+                                       return alloc_node(argc == 0 ? ast_func_namespace_uri_0 : ast_func_namespace_uri_1, xpath_type_string, args[0]);
+                               }
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("normalize-space") && argc <= 1)
+                                       return alloc_node(argc == 0 ? ast_func_normalize_space_0 : ast_func_normalize_space_1, xpath_type_string, args[0], args[1]);
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("not") && argc == 1)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_not, xpath_type_boolean, args[0]);
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("number") && argc <= 1)
+                                       return alloc_node(argc == 0 ? ast_func_number_0 : ast_func_number_1, xpath_type_number, args[0]);
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'p':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("position") && argc == 0)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_position, xpath_type_number);
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'r':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("round") && argc == 1)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_round, xpath_type_number, args[0]);
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 's':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("string") && argc <= 1)
+                                       return alloc_node(argc == 0 ? ast_func_string_0 : ast_func_string_1, xpath_type_string, args[0]);
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("string-length") && argc <= 1)
+                                       return alloc_node(argc == 0 ? ast_func_string_length_0 : ast_func_string_length_1, xpath_type_number, args[0]);
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("starts-with") && argc == 2)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_starts_with, xpath_type_boolean, args[0], args[1]);
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("substring-before") && argc == 2)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_substring_before, xpath_type_string, args[0], args[1]);
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("substring-after") && argc == 2)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_substring_after, xpath_type_string, args[0], args[1]);
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("substring") && (argc == 2 || argc == 3))
+                                       return alloc_node(argc == 2 ? ast_func_substring_2 : ast_func_substring_3, xpath_type_string, args[0], args[1]);
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("sum") && argc == 1)
+                               {
+                                       if (args[0]->rettype() != xpath_type_node_set) return error("Function has to be applied to node set");
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_sum, xpath_type_number, args[0]);
+                               }
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 't':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("translate") && argc == 3)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_translate, xpath_type_string, args[0], args[1]);
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("true") && argc == 0)
+                                       return alloc_node(ast_func_true, xpath_type_boolean);
+
+                               break;
+
+                       default:
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       return error("Unrecognized function or wrong parameter count");
+               }
+
+               axis_t parse_axis_name(const xpath_lexer_string& name, bool& specified)
+               {
+                       specified = true;
+
+                       switch (name.begin[0])
+                       {
+                       case 'a':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("ancestor"))
+                                       return axis_ancestor;
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("ancestor-or-self"))
+                                       return axis_ancestor_or_self;
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("attribute"))
+                                       return axis_attribute;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'c':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("child"))
+                                       return axis_child;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'd':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("descendant"))
+                                       return axis_descendant;
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("descendant-or-self"))
+                                       return axis_descendant_or_self;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'f':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("following"))
+                                       return axis_following;
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("following-sibling"))
+                                       return axis_following_sibling;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'n':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("namespace"))
+                                       return axis_namespace;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'p':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("parent"))
+                                       return axis_parent;
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("preceding"))
+                                       return axis_preceding;
+                               else if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("preceding-sibling"))
+                                       return axis_preceding_sibling;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 's':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("self"))
+                                       return axis_self;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       default:
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       specified = false;
+                       return axis_child;
+               }
+
+               nodetest_t parse_node_test_type(const xpath_lexer_string& name)
+               {
+                       switch (name.begin[0])
+                       {
+                       case 'c':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("comment"))
+                                       return nodetest_type_comment;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'n':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("node"))
+                                       return nodetest_type_node;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'p':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("processing-instruction"))
+                                       return nodetest_type_pi;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       case 't':
+                               if (name == PUGIXML_TEXT("text"))
+                                       return nodetest_type_text;
+
+                               break;
+
+                       default:
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       return nodetest_none;
+               }
+
+               // PrimaryExpr ::= VariableReference | '(' Expr ')' | Literal | Number | FunctionCall
+               xpath_ast_node* parse_primary_expression()
+               {
+                       switch (_lexer.current())
+                       {
+                       case lex_var_ref:
+                       {
+                               xpath_lexer_string name = _lexer.contents();
+
+                               if (!_variables)
+                                       return error("Unknown variable: variable set is not provided");
+
+                               xpath_variable* var = 0;
+                               if (!get_variable_scratch(_scratch, _variables, name.begin, name.end, &var))
+                                       return error_oom();
+
+                               if (!var)
+                                       return error("Unknown variable: variable set does not contain the given name");
+
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               return alloc_node(ast_variable, var->type(), var);
+                       }
+
+                       case lex_open_brace:
+                       {
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               xpath_ast_node* n = parse_expression();
+                               if (!n) return 0;
+
+                               if (_lexer.current() != lex_close_brace)
+                                       return error("Expected ')' to match an opening '('");
+
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               return n;
+                       }
+
+                       case lex_quoted_string:
+                       {
+                               const char_t* value = alloc_string(_lexer.contents());
+                               if (!value) return 0;
+
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               return alloc_node(ast_string_constant, xpath_type_string, value);
+                       }
+
+                       case lex_number:
+                       {
+                               double value = 0;
+
+                               if (!convert_string_to_number_scratch(_scratch, _lexer.contents().begin, _lexer.contents().end, &value))
+                                       return error_oom();
+
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               return alloc_node(ast_number_constant, xpath_type_number, value);
+                       }
+
+                       case lex_string:
+                       {
+                               xpath_ast_node* args[2] = {0};
+                               size_t argc = 0;
+
+                               xpath_lexer_string function = _lexer.contents();
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               xpath_ast_node* last_arg = 0;
+
+                               if (_lexer.current() != lex_open_brace)
+                                       return error("Unrecognized function call");
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               while (_lexer.current() != lex_close_brace)
+                               {
+                                       if (argc > 0)
+                                       {
+                                               if (_lexer.current() != lex_comma)
+                                                       return error("No comma between function arguments");
+                                               _lexer.next();
+                                       }
+
+                                       xpath_ast_node* n = parse_expression();
+                                       if (!n) return 0;
+
+                                       if (argc < 2) args[argc] = n;
+                                       else last_arg->set_next(n);
+
+                                       argc++;
+                                       last_arg = n;
+                               }
+
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               return parse_function(function, argc, args);
+                       }
+
+                       default:
+                               return error("Unrecognizable primary expression");
+                       }
+               }
+
+               // FilterExpr ::= PrimaryExpr | FilterExpr Predicate
+               // Predicate ::= '[' PredicateExpr ']'
+               // PredicateExpr ::= Expr
+               xpath_ast_node* parse_filter_expression()
+               {
+                       xpath_ast_node* n = parse_primary_expression();
+                       if (!n) return 0;
+
+                       while (_lexer.current() == lex_open_square_brace)
+                       {
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               if (n->rettype() != xpath_type_node_set)
+                                       return error("Predicate has to be applied to node set");
+
+                               xpath_ast_node* expr = parse_expression();
+                               if (!expr) return 0;
+
+                               n = alloc_node(ast_filter, n, expr, predicate_default);
+                               if (!n) return 0;
+
+                               if (_lexer.current() != lex_close_square_brace)
+                                       return error("Expected ']' to match an opening '['");
+
+                               _lexer.next();
+                       }
+
+                       return n;
+               }
+
+               // Step ::= AxisSpecifier NodeTest Predicate* | AbbreviatedStep
+               // AxisSpecifier ::= AxisName '::' | '@'?
+               // NodeTest ::= NameTest | NodeType '(' ')' | 'processing-instruction' '(' Literal ')'
+               // NameTest ::= '*' | NCName ':' '*' | QName
+               // AbbreviatedStep ::= '.' | '..'
+               xpath_ast_node* parse_step(xpath_ast_node* set)
+               {
+                       if (set && set->rettype() != xpath_type_node_set)
+                               return error("Step has to be applied to node set");
+
+                       bool axis_specified = false;
+                       axis_t axis = axis_child; // implied child axis
+
+                       if (_lexer.current() == lex_axis_attribute)
+                       {
+                               axis = axis_attribute;
+                               axis_specified = true;
+
+                               _lexer.next();
+                       }
+                       else if (_lexer.current() == lex_dot)
+                       {
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               if (_lexer.current() == lex_open_square_brace)
+                                       return error("Predicates are not allowed after an abbreviated step");
+
+                               return alloc_node(ast_step, set, axis_self, nodetest_type_node, 0);
+                       }
+                       else if (_lexer.current() == lex_double_dot)
+                       {
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               if (_lexer.current() == lex_open_square_brace)
+                                       return error("Predicates are not allowed after an abbreviated step");
+
+                               return alloc_node(ast_step, set, axis_parent, nodetest_type_node, 0);
+                       }
+
+                       nodetest_t nt_type = nodetest_none;
+                       xpath_lexer_string nt_name;
+
+                       if (_lexer.current() == lex_string)
+                       {
+                               // node name test
+                               nt_name = _lexer.contents();
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               // was it an axis name?
+                               if (_lexer.current() == lex_double_colon)
+                               {
+                                       // parse axis name
+                                       if (axis_specified)
+                                               return error("Two axis specifiers in one step");
+
+                                       axis = parse_axis_name(nt_name, axis_specified);
+
+                                       if (!axis_specified)
+                                               return error("Unknown axis");
+
+                                       // read actual node test
+                                       _lexer.next();
+
+                                       if (_lexer.current() == lex_multiply)
+                                       {
+                                               nt_type = nodetest_all;
+                                               nt_name = xpath_lexer_string();
+                                               _lexer.next();
+                                       }
+                                       else if (_lexer.current() == lex_string)
+                                       {
+                                               nt_name = _lexer.contents();
+                                               _lexer.next();
+                                       }
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               return error("Unrecognized node test");
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               if (nt_type == nodetest_none)
+                               {
+                                       // node type test or processing-instruction
+                                       if (_lexer.current() == lex_open_brace)
+                                       {
+                                               _lexer.next();
+
+                                               if (_lexer.current() == lex_close_brace)
+                                               {
+                                                       _lexer.next();
+
+                                                       nt_type = parse_node_test_type(nt_name);
+
+                                                       if (nt_type == nodetest_none)
+                                                               return error("Unrecognized node type");
+
+                                                       nt_name = xpath_lexer_string();
+                                               }
+                                               else if (nt_name == PUGIXML_TEXT("processing-instruction"))
+                                               {
+                                                       if (_lexer.current() != lex_quoted_string)
+                                                               return error("Only literals are allowed as arguments to processing-instruction()");
+
+                                                       nt_type = nodetest_pi;
+                                                       nt_name = _lexer.contents();
+                                                       _lexer.next();
+
+                                                       if (_lexer.current() != lex_close_brace)
+                                                               return error("Unmatched brace near processing-instruction()");
+                                                       _lexer.next();
+                                               }
+                                               else
+                                               {
+                                                       return error("Unmatched brace near node type test");
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                                       // QName or NCName:*
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               if (nt_name.end - nt_name.begin > 2 && nt_name.end[-2] == ':' && nt_name.end[-1] == '*') // NCName:*
+                                               {
+                                                       nt_name.end--; // erase *
+
+                                                       nt_type = nodetest_all_in_namespace;
+                                               }
+                                               else
+                                               {
+                                                       nt_type = nodetest_name;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+                       else if (_lexer.current() == lex_multiply)
+                       {
+                               nt_type = nodetest_all;
+                               _lexer.next();
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               return error("Unrecognized node test");
+                       }
+
+                       const char_t* nt_name_copy = alloc_string(nt_name);
+                       if (!nt_name_copy) return 0;
+
+                       xpath_ast_node* n = alloc_node(ast_step, set, axis, nt_type, nt_name_copy);
+                       if (!n) return 0;
+
+                       xpath_ast_node* last = 0;
+
+                       while (_lexer.current() == lex_open_square_brace)
+                       {
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               xpath_ast_node* expr = parse_expression();
+                               if (!expr) return 0;
+
+                               xpath_ast_node* pred = alloc_node(ast_predicate, 0, expr, predicate_default);
+                               if (!pred) return 0;
+
+                               if (_lexer.current() != lex_close_square_brace)
+                                       return error("Expected ']' to match an opening '['");
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               if (last) last->set_next(pred);
+                               else n->set_right(pred);
+
+                               last = pred;
+                       }
+
+                       return n;
+               }
+
+               // RelativeLocationPath ::= Step | RelativeLocationPath '/' Step | RelativeLocationPath '//' Step
+               xpath_ast_node* parse_relative_location_path(xpath_ast_node* set)
+               {
+                       xpath_ast_node* n = parse_step(set);
+                       if (!n) return 0;
+
+                       while (_lexer.current() == lex_slash || _lexer.current() == lex_double_slash)
+                       {
+                               lexeme_t l = _lexer.current();
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               if (l == lex_double_slash)
+                               {
+                                       n = alloc_node(ast_step, n, axis_descendant_or_self, nodetest_type_node, 0);
+                                       if (!n) return 0;
+                               }
+
+                               n = parse_step(n);
+                               if (!n) return 0;
+                       }
+
+                       return n;
+               }
+
+               // LocationPath ::= RelativeLocationPath | AbsoluteLocationPath
+               // AbsoluteLocationPath ::= '/' RelativeLocationPath? | '//' RelativeLocationPath
+               xpath_ast_node* parse_location_path()
+               {
+                       if (_lexer.current() == lex_slash)
+                       {
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               xpath_ast_node* n = alloc_node(ast_step_root, xpath_type_node_set);
+                               if (!n) return 0;
+
+                               // relative location path can start from axis_attribute, dot, double_dot, multiply and string lexemes; any other lexeme means standalone root path
+                               lexeme_t l = _lexer.current();
+
+                               if (l == lex_string || l == lex_axis_attribute || l == lex_dot || l == lex_double_dot || l == lex_multiply)
+                                       return parse_relative_location_path(n);
+                               else
+                                       return n;
+                       }
+                       else if (_lexer.current() == lex_double_slash)
+                       {
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               xpath_ast_node* n = alloc_node(ast_step_root, xpath_type_node_set);
+                               if (!n) return 0;
+
+                               n = alloc_node(ast_step, n, axis_descendant_or_self, nodetest_type_node, 0);
+                               if (!n) return 0;
+
+                               return parse_relative_location_path(n);
+                       }
+
+                       // else clause moved outside of if because of bogus warning 'control may reach end of non-void function being inlined' in gcc 4.0.1
+                       return parse_relative_location_path(0);
+               }
+
+               // PathExpr ::= LocationPath
+               //                              | FilterExpr
+               //                              | FilterExpr '/' RelativeLocationPath
+               //                              | FilterExpr '//' RelativeLocationPath
+               // UnionExpr ::= PathExpr | UnionExpr '|' PathExpr
+               // UnaryExpr ::= UnionExpr | '-' UnaryExpr
+               xpath_ast_node* parse_path_or_unary_expression()
+               {
+                       // Clarification.
+                       // PathExpr begins with either LocationPath or FilterExpr.
+                       // FilterExpr begins with PrimaryExpr
+                       // PrimaryExpr begins with '$' in case of it being a variable reference,
+                       // '(' in case of it being an expression, string literal, number constant or
+                       // function call.
+                       if (_lexer.current() == lex_var_ref || _lexer.current() == lex_open_brace ||
+                               _lexer.current() == lex_quoted_string || _lexer.current() == lex_number ||
+                               _lexer.current() == lex_string)
+                       {
+                               if (_lexer.current() == lex_string)
+                               {
+                                       // This is either a function call, or not - if not, we shall proceed with location path
+                                       const char_t* state = _lexer.state();
+
+                                       while (PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE(*state, ct_space)) ++state;
+
+                                       if (*state != '(')
+                                               return parse_location_path();
+
+                                       // This looks like a function call; however this still can be a node-test. Check it.
+                                       if (parse_node_test_type(_lexer.contents()) != nodetest_none)
+                                               return parse_location_path();
+                               }
+
+                               xpath_ast_node* n = parse_filter_expression();
+                               if (!n) return 0;
+
+                               if (_lexer.current() == lex_slash || _lexer.current() == lex_double_slash)
+                               {
+                                       lexeme_t l = _lexer.current();
+                                       _lexer.next();
+
+                                       if (l == lex_double_slash)
+                                       {
+                                               if (n->rettype() != xpath_type_node_set)
+                                                       return error("Step has to be applied to node set");
+
+                                               n = alloc_node(ast_step, n, axis_descendant_or_self, nodetest_type_node, 0);
+                                               if (!n) return 0;
+                                       }
+
+                                       // select from location path
+                                       return parse_relative_location_path(n);
+                               }
+
+                               return n;
+                       }
+                       else if (_lexer.current() == lex_minus)
+                       {
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               // precedence 7+ - only parses union expressions
+                               xpath_ast_node* n = parse_expression(7);
+                               if (!n) return 0;
+
+                               return alloc_node(ast_op_negate, xpath_type_number, n);
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               return parse_location_path();
+                       }
+               }
+
+               struct binary_op_t
+               {
+                       ast_type_t asttype;
+                       xpath_value_type rettype;
+                       int precedence;
+
+                       binary_op_t(): asttype(ast_unknown), rettype(xpath_type_none), precedence(0)
+                       {
+                       }
+
+                       binary_op_t(ast_type_t asttype_, xpath_value_type rettype_, int precedence_): asttype(asttype_), rettype(rettype_), precedence(precedence_)
+                       {
+                       }
+
+                       static binary_op_t parse(xpath_lexer& lexer)
+                       {
+                               switch (lexer.current())
+                               {
+                               case lex_string:
+                                       if (lexer.contents() == PUGIXML_TEXT("or"))
+                                               return binary_op_t(ast_op_or, xpath_type_boolean, 1);
+                                       else if (lexer.contents() == PUGIXML_TEXT("and"))
+                                               return binary_op_t(ast_op_and, xpath_type_boolean, 2);
+                                       else if (lexer.contents() == PUGIXML_TEXT("div"))
+                                               return binary_op_t(ast_op_divide, xpath_type_number, 6);
+                                       else if (lexer.contents() == PUGIXML_TEXT("mod"))
+                                               return binary_op_t(ast_op_mod, xpath_type_number, 6);
+                                       else
+                                               return binary_op_t();
+
+                               case lex_equal:
+                                       return binary_op_t(ast_op_equal, xpath_type_boolean, 3);
+
+                               case lex_not_equal:
+                                       return binary_op_t(ast_op_not_equal, xpath_type_boolean, 3);
+
+                               case lex_less:
+                                       return binary_op_t(ast_op_less, xpath_type_boolean, 4);
+
+                               case lex_greater:
+                                       return binary_op_t(ast_op_greater, xpath_type_boolean, 4);
+
+                               case lex_less_or_equal:
+                                       return binary_op_t(ast_op_less_or_equal, xpath_type_boolean, 4);
+
+                               case lex_greater_or_equal:
+                                       return binary_op_t(ast_op_greater_or_equal, xpath_type_boolean, 4);
+
+                               case lex_plus:
+                                       return binary_op_t(ast_op_add, xpath_type_number, 5);
+
+                               case lex_minus:
+                                       return binary_op_t(ast_op_subtract, xpath_type_number, 5);
+
+                               case lex_multiply:
+                                       return binary_op_t(ast_op_multiply, xpath_type_number, 6);
+
+                               case lex_union:
+                                       return binary_op_t(ast_op_union, xpath_type_node_set, 7);
+
+                               default:
+                                       return binary_op_t();
+                               }
+                       }
+               };
+
+               xpath_ast_node* parse_expression_rec(xpath_ast_node* lhs, int limit)
+               {
+                       binary_op_t op = binary_op_t::parse(_lexer);
+
+                       while (op.asttype != ast_unknown && op.precedence >= limit)
+                       {
+                               _lexer.next();
+
+                               xpath_ast_node* rhs = parse_path_or_unary_expression();
+                               if (!rhs) return 0;
+
+                               binary_op_t nextop = binary_op_t::parse(_lexer);
+
+                               while (nextop.asttype != ast_unknown && nextop.precedence > op.precedence)
+                               {
+                                       rhs = parse_expression_rec(rhs, nextop.precedence);
+                                       if (!rhs) return 0;
+
+                                       nextop = binary_op_t::parse(_lexer);
+                               }
+
+                               if (op.asttype == ast_op_union && (lhs->rettype() != xpath_type_node_set || rhs->rettype() != xpath_type_node_set))
+                                       return error("Union operator has to be applied to node sets");
+
+                               lhs = alloc_node(op.asttype, op.rettype, lhs, rhs);
+                               if (!lhs) return 0;
+
+                               op = binary_op_t::parse(_lexer);
+                       }
+
+                       return lhs;
+               }
+
+               // Expr ::= OrExpr
+               // OrExpr ::= AndExpr | OrExpr 'or' AndExpr
+               // AndExpr ::= EqualityExpr | AndExpr 'and' EqualityExpr
+               // EqualityExpr ::= RelationalExpr
+               //                                      | EqualityExpr '=' RelationalExpr
+               //                                      | EqualityExpr '!=' RelationalExpr
+               // RelationalExpr ::= AdditiveExpr
+               //                                        | RelationalExpr '<' AdditiveExpr
+               //                                        | RelationalExpr '>' AdditiveExpr
+               //                                        | RelationalExpr '<=' AdditiveExpr
+               //                                        | RelationalExpr '>=' AdditiveExpr
+               // AdditiveExpr ::= MultiplicativeExpr
+               //                                      | AdditiveExpr '+' MultiplicativeExpr
+               //                                      | AdditiveExpr '-' MultiplicativeExpr
+               // MultiplicativeExpr ::= UnaryExpr
+               //                                                | MultiplicativeExpr '*' UnaryExpr
+               //                                                | MultiplicativeExpr 'div' UnaryExpr
+               //                                                | MultiplicativeExpr 'mod' UnaryExpr
+               xpath_ast_node* parse_expression(int limit = 0)
+               {
+                       xpath_ast_node* n = parse_path_or_unary_expression();
+                       if (!n) return 0;
+
+                       return parse_expression_rec(n, limit);
+               }
+
+               xpath_parser(const char_t* query, xpath_variable_set* variables, xpath_allocator* alloc, xpath_parse_result* result): _alloc(alloc), _lexer(query), _query(query), _variables(variables), _result(result)
+               {
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node* parse()
+               {
+                       xpath_ast_node* n = parse_expression();
+                       if (!n) return 0;
+
+                       // check if there are unparsed tokens left
+                       if (_lexer.current() != lex_eof)
+                               return error("Incorrect query");
+
+                       return n;
+               }
+
+               static xpath_ast_node* parse(const char_t* query, xpath_variable_set* variables, xpath_allocator* alloc, xpath_parse_result* result)
+               {
+                       xpath_parser parser(query, variables, alloc, result);
+
+                       return parser.parse();
+               }
+       };
+
+       struct xpath_query_impl
+       {
+               static xpath_query_impl* create()
+               {
+                       void* memory = xml_memory::allocate(sizeof(xpath_query_impl));
+                       if (!memory) return 0;
+
+                       return new (memory) xpath_query_impl();
+               }
+
+               static void destroy(xpath_query_impl* impl)
+               {
+                       // free all allocated pages
+                       impl->alloc.release();
+
+                       // free allocator memory (with the first page)
+                       xml_memory::deallocate(impl);
+               }
+
+               xpath_query_impl(): root(0), alloc(&block, &oom), oom(false)
+               {
+                       block.next = 0;
+                       block.capacity = sizeof(block.data);
+               }
+
+               xpath_ast_node* root;
+               xpath_allocator alloc;
+               xpath_memory_block block;
+               bool oom;
+       };
+
+       PUGI__FN impl::xpath_ast_node* evaluate_node_set_prepare(xpath_query_impl* impl)
+       {
+               if (!impl) return 0;
+
+               if (impl->root->rettype() != xpath_type_node_set)
+               {
+               #ifdef PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+                       return 0;
+               #else
+                       xpath_parse_result res;
+                       res.error = "Expression does not evaluate to node set";
+
+                       throw xpath_exception(res);
+               #endif
+               }
+
+               return impl->root;
+       }
+PUGI__NS_END
+
+namespace pugi
+{
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+       PUGI__FN xpath_exception::xpath_exception(const xpath_parse_result& result_): _result(result_)
+       {
+               assert(_result.error);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char* xpath_exception::what() const throw()
+       {
+               return _result.error;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const xpath_parse_result& xpath_exception::result() const
+       {
+               return _result;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node::xpath_node()
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node::xpath_node(const xml_node& node_): _node(node_)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node::xpath_node(const xml_attribute& attribute_, const xml_node& parent_): _node(attribute_ ? parent_ : xml_node()), _attribute(attribute_)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xpath_node::node() const
+       {
+               return _attribute ? xml_node() : _node;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_attribute xpath_node::attribute() const
+       {
+               return _attribute;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xml_node xpath_node::parent() const
+       {
+               return _attribute ? _node : _node.parent();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN static void unspecified_bool_xpath_node(xpath_node***)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node::operator xpath_node::unspecified_bool_type() const
+       {
+               return (_node || _attribute) ? unspecified_bool_xpath_node : 0;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_node::operator!() const
+       {
+               return !(_node || _attribute);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_node::operator==(const xpath_node& n) const
+       {
+               return _node == n._node && _attribute == n._attribute;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_node::operator!=(const xpath_node& n) const
+       {
+               return _node != n._node || _attribute != n._attribute;
+       }
+
+#ifdef __BORLANDC__
+       PUGI__FN bool operator&&(const xpath_node& lhs, bool rhs)
+       {
+               return (bool)lhs && rhs;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool operator||(const xpath_node& lhs, bool rhs)
+       {
+               return (bool)lhs || rhs;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN void xpath_node_set::_assign(const_iterator begin_, const_iterator end_, type_t type_)
+       {
+               assert(begin_ <= end_);
+
+               size_t size_ = static_cast<size_t>(end_ - begin_);
+
+               if (size_ <= 1)
+               {
+                       // deallocate old buffer
+                       if (_begin != &_storage) impl::xml_memory::deallocate(_begin);
+
+                       // use internal buffer
+                       if (begin_ != end_) _storage = *begin_;
+
+                       _begin = &_storage;
+                       _end = &_storage + size_;
+                       _type = type_;
+               }
+               else
+               {
+                       // make heap copy
+                       xpath_node* storage = static_cast<xpath_node*>(impl::xml_memory::allocate(size_ * sizeof(xpath_node)));
+
+                       if (!storage)
+                       {
+                       #ifdef PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+                               return;
+                       #else
+                               throw std::bad_alloc();
+                       #endif
+                       }
+
+                       memcpy(storage, begin_, size_ * sizeof(xpath_node));
+
+                       // deallocate old buffer
+                       if (_begin != &_storage) impl::xml_memory::deallocate(_begin);
+
+                       // finalize
+                       _begin = storage;
+                       _end = storage + size_;
+                       _type = type_;
+               }
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_MOVE
+       PUGI__FN void xpath_node_set::_move(xpath_node_set& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT
+       {
+               _type = rhs._type;
+               _storage = rhs._storage;
+               _begin = (rhs._begin == &rhs._storage) ? &_storage : rhs._begin;
+               _end = _begin + (rhs._end - rhs._begin);
+
+               rhs._type = type_unsorted;
+               rhs._begin = &rhs._storage;
+               rhs._end = rhs._begin;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set::xpath_node_set(): _type(type_unsorted), _begin(&_storage), _end(&_storage)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set::xpath_node_set(const_iterator begin_, const_iterator end_, type_t type_): _type(type_unsorted), _begin(&_storage), _end(&_storage)
+       {
+               _assign(begin_, end_, type_);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set::~xpath_node_set()
+       {
+               if (_begin != &_storage)
+                       impl::xml_memory::deallocate(_begin);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set::xpath_node_set(const xpath_node_set& ns): _type(type_unsorted), _begin(&_storage), _end(&_storage)
+       {
+               _assign(ns._begin, ns._end, ns._type);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set& xpath_node_set::operator=(const xpath_node_set& ns)
+       {
+               if (this == &ns) return *this;
+
+               _assign(ns._begin, ns._end, ns._type);
+
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_MOVE
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set::xpath_node_set(xpath_node_set&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT: _type(type_unsorted), _begin(&_storage), _end(&_storage)
+       {
+               _move(rhs);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set& xpath_node_set::operator=(xpath_node_set&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT
+       {
+               if (this == &rhs) return *this;
+
+               if (_begin != &_storage)
+                       impl::xml_memory::deallocate(_begin);
+
+               _move(rhs);
+
+               return *this;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set::type_t xpath_node_set::type() const
+       {
+               return _type;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN size_t xpath_node_set::size() const
+       {
+               return _end - _begin;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_node_set::empty() const
+       {
+               return _begin == _end;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const xpath_node& xpath_node_set::operator[](size_t index) const
+       {
+               assert(index < size());
+               return _begin[index];
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set::const_iterator xpath_node_set::begin() const
+       {
+               return _begin;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set::const_iterator xpath_node_set::end() const
+       {
+               return _end;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void xpath_node_set::sort(bool reverse)
+       {
+               _type = impl::xpath_sort(_begin, _end, _type, reverse);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node xpath_node_set::first() const
+       {
+               return impl::xpath_first(_begin, _end, _type);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_parse_result::xpath_parse_result(): error("Internal error"), offset(0)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_parse_result::operator bool() const
+       {
+               return error == 0;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char* xpath_parse_result::description() const
+       {
+               return error ? error : "No error";
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_variable::xpath_variable(xpath_value_type type_): _type(type_), _next(0)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* xpath_variable::name() const
+       {
+               switch (_type)
+               {
+               case xpath_type_node_set:
+                       return static_cast<const impl::xpath_variable_node_set*>(this)->name;
+
+               case xpath_type_number:
+                       return static_cast<const impl::xpath_variable_number*>(this)->name;
+
+               case xpath_type_string:
+                       return static_cast<const impl::xpath_variable_string*>(this)->name;
+
+               case xpath_type_boolean:
+                       return static_cast<const impl::xpath_variable_boolean*>(this)->name;
+
+               default:
+                       assert(false && "Invalid variable type"); // unreachable
+                       return 0;
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_value_type xpath_variable::type() const
+       {
+               return _type;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_variable::get_boolean() const
+       {
+               return (_type == xpath_type_boolean) ? static_cast<const impl::xpath_variable_boolean*>(this)->value : false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN double xpath_variable::get_number() const
+       {
+               return (_type == xpath_type_number) ? static_cast<const impl::xpath_variable_number*>(this)->value : impl::gen_nan();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const char_t* xpath_variable::get_string() const
+       {
+               const char_t* value = (_type == xpath_type_string) ? static_cast<const impl::xpath_variable_string*>(this)->value : 0;
+               return value ? value : PUGIXML_TEXT("");
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const xpath_node_set& xpath_variable::get_node_set() const
+       {
+               return (_type == xpath_type_node_set) ? static_cast<const impl::xpath_variable_node_set*>(this)->value : impl::dummy_node_set;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_variable::set(bool value)
+       {
+               if (_type != xpath_type_boolean) return false;
+
+               static_cast<impl::xpath_variable_boolean*>(this)->value = value;
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_variable::set(double value)
+       {
+               if (_type != xpath_type_number) return false;
+
+               static_cast<impl::xpath_variable_number*>(this)->value = value;
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_variable::set(const char_t* value)
+       {
+               if (_type != xpath_type_string) return false;
+
+               impl::xpath_variable_string* var = static_cast<impl::xpath_variable_string*>(this);
+
+               // duplicate string
+               size_t size = (impl::strlength(value) + 1) * sizeof(char_t);
+
+               char_t* copy = static_cast<char_t*>(impl::xml_memory::allocate(size));
+               if (!copy) return false;
+
+               memcpy(copy, value, size);
+
+               // replace old string
+               if (var->value) impl::xml_memory::deallocate(var->value);
+               var->value = copy;
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_variable::set(const xpath_node_set& value)
+       {
+               if (_type != xpath_type_node_set) return false;
+
+               static_cast<impl::xpath_variable_node_set*>(this)->value = value;
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_variable_set::xpath_variable_set()
+       {
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(_data) / sizeof(_data[0]); ++i)
+                       _data[i] = 0;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_variable_set::~xpath_variable_set()
+       {
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(_data) / sizeof(_data[0]); ++i)
+                       _destroy(_data[i]);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_variable_set::xpath_variable_set(const xpath_variable_set& rhs)
+       {
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(_data) / sizeof(_data[0]); ++i)
+                       _data[i] = 0;
+
+               _assign(rhs);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_variable_set& xpath_variable_set::operator=(const xpath_variable_set& rhs)
+       {
+               if (this == &rhs) return *this;
+
+               _assign(rhs);
+
+               return *this;
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_MOVE
+       PUGI__FN xpath_variable_set::xpath_variable_set(xpath_variable_set&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT
+       {
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(_data) / sizeof(_data[0]); ++i)
+               {
+                       _data[i] = rhs._data[i];
+                       rhs._data[i] = 0;
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_variable_set& xpath_variable_set::operator=(xpath_variable_set&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT
+       {
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(_data) / sizeof(_data[0]); ++i)
+               {
+                       _destroy(_data[i]);
+
+                       _data[i] = rhs._data[i];
+                       rhs._data[i] = 0;
+               }
+
+               return *this;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN void xpath_variable_set::_assign(const xpath_variable_set& rhs)
+       {
+               xpath_variable_set temp;
+
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(_data) / sizeof(_data[0]); ++i)
+                       if (rhs._data[i] && !_clone(rhs._data[i], &temp._data[i]))
+                               return;
+
+               _swap(temp);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void xpath_variable_set::_swap(xpath_variable_set& rhs)
+       {
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(_data) / sizeof(_data[0]); ++i)
+               {
+                       xpath_variable* chain = _data[i];
+
+                       _data[i] = rhs._data[i];
+                       rhs._data[i] = chain;
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_variable* xpath_variable_set::_find(const char_t* name) const
+       {
+               const size_t hash_size = sizeof(_data) / sizeof(_data[0]);
+               size_t hash = impl::hash_string(name) % hash_size;
+
+               // look for existing variable
+               for (xpath_variable* var = _data[hash]; var; var = var->_next)
+                       if (impl::strequal(var->name(), name))
+                               return var;
+
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_variable_set::_clone(xpath_variable* var, xpath_variable** out_result)
+       {
+               xpath_variable* last = 0;
+
+               while (var)
+               {
+                       // allocate storage for new variable
+                       xpath_variable* nvar = impl::new_xpath_variable(var->_type, var->name());
+                       if (!nvar) return false;
+
+                       // link the variable to the result immediately to handle failures gracefully
+                       if (last)
+                               last->_next = nvar;
+                       else
+                               *out_result = nvar;
+
+                       last = nvar;
+
+                       // copy the value; this can fail due to out-of-memory conditions
+                       if (!impl::copy_xpath_variable(nvar, var)) return false;
+
+                       var = var->_next;
+               }
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN void xpath_variable_set::_destroy(xpath_variable* var)
+       {
+               while (var)
+               {
+                       xpath_variable* next = var->_next;
+
+                       impl::delete_xpath_variable(var->_type, var);
+
+                       var = next;
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_variable* xpath_variable_set::add(const char_t* name, xpath_value_type type)
+       {
+               const size_t hash_size = sizeof(_data) / sizeof(_data[0]);
+               size_t hash = impl::hash_string(name) % hash_size;
+
+               // look for existing variable
+               for (xpath_variable* var = _data[hash]; var; var = var->_next)
+                       if (impl::strequal(var->name(), name))
+                               return var->type() == type ? var : 0;
+
+               // add new variable
+               xpath_variable* result = impl::new_xpath_variable(type, name);
+
+               if (result)
+               {
+                       result->_next = _data[hash];
+
+                       _data[hash] = result;
+               }
+
+               return result;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_variable_set::set(const char_t* name, bool value)
+       {
+               xpath_variable* var = add(name, xpath_type_boolean);
+               return var ? var->set(value) : false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_variable_set::set(const char_t* name, double value)
+       {
+               xpath_variable* var = add(name, xpath_type_number);
+               return var ? var->set(value) : false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_variable_set::set(const char_t* name, const char_t* value)
+       {
+               xpath_variable* var = add(name, xpath_type_string);
+               return var ? var->set(value) : false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_variable_set::set(const char_t* name, const xpath_node_set& value)
+       {
+               xpath_variable* var = add(name, xpath_type_node_set);
+               return var ? var->set(value) : false;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_variable* xpath_variable_set::get(const char_t* name)
+       {
+               return _find(name);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const xpath_variable* xpath_variable_set::get(const char_t* name) const
+       {
+               return _find(name);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_query::xpath_query(const char_t* query, xpath_variable_set* variables): _impl(0)
+       {
+               impl::xpath_query_impl* qimpl = impl::xpath_query_impl::create();
+
+               if (!qimpl)
+               {
+               #ifdef PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+                       _result.error = "Out of memory";
+               #else
+                       throw std::bad_alloc();
+               #endif
+               }
+               else
+               {
+                       using impl::auto_deleter; // MSVC7 workaround
+                       auto_deleter<impl::xpath_query_impl> impl(qimpl, impl::xpath_query_impl::destroy);
+
+                       qimpl->root = impl::xpath_parser::parse(query, variables, &qimpl->alloc, &_result);
+
+                       if (qimpl->root)
+                       {
+                               qimpl->root->optimize(&qimpl->alloc);
+
+                               _impl = impl.release();
+                               _result.error = 0;
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                       #ifdef PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+                               if (qimpl->oom) _result.error = "Out of memory";
+                       #else
+                               if (qimpl->oom) throw std::bad_alloc();
+                               throw xpath_exception(_result);
+                       #endif
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_query::xpath_query(): _impl(0)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_query::~xpath_query()
+       {
+               if (_impl)
+                       impl::xpath_query_impl::destroy(static_cast<impl::xpath_query_impl*>(_impl));
+       }
+
+#ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_MOVE
+       PUGI__FN xpath_query::xpath_query(xpath_query&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT
+       {
+               _impl = rhs._impl;
+               _result = rhs._result;
+               rhs._impl = 0;
+               rhs._result = xpath_parse_result();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_query& xpath_query::operator=(xpath_query&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT
+       {
+               if (this == &rhs) return *this;
+
+               if (_impl)
+                       impl::xpath_query_impl::destroy(static_cast<impl::xpath_query_impl*>(_impl));
+
+               _impl = rhs._impl;
+               _result = rhs._result;
+               rhs._impl = 0;
+               rhs._result = xpath_parse_result();
+
+               return *this;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_value_type xpath_query::return_type() const
+       {
+               if (!_impl) return xpath_type_none;
+
+               return static_cast<impl::xpath_query_impl*>(_impl)->root->rettype();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_query::evaluate_boolean(const xpath_node& n) const
+       {
+               if (!_impl) return false;
+
+               impl::xpath_context c(n, 1, 1);
+               impl::xpath_stack_data sd;
+
+               bool r = static_cast<impl::xpath_query_impl*>(_impl)->root->eval_boolean(c, sd.stack);
+
+               if (sd.oom)
+               {
+               #ifdef PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+                       return false;
+               #else
+                       throw std::bad_alloc();
+               #endif
+               }
+
+               return r;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN double xpath_query::evaluate_number(const xpath_node& n) const
+       {
+               if (!_impl) return impl::gen_nan();
+
+               impl::xpath_context c(n, 1, 1);
+               impl::xpath_stack_data sd;
+
+               double r = static_cast<impl::xpath_query_impl*>(_impl)->root->eval_number(c, sd.stack);
+
+               if (sd.oom)
+               {
+               #ifdef PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+                       return impl::gen_nan();
+               #else
+                       throw std::bad_alloc();
+               #endif
+               }
+
+               return r;
+       }
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+       PUGI__FN string_t xpath_query::evaluate_string(const xpath_node& n) const
+       {
+               if (!_impl) return string_t();
+
+               impl::xpath_context c(n, 1, 1);
+               impl::xpath_stack_data sd;
+
+               impl::xpath_string r = static_cast<impl::xpath_query_impl*>(_impl)->root->eval_string(c, sd.stack);
+
+               if (sd.oom)
+               {
+               #ifdef PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+                       return string_t();
+               #else
+                       throw std::bad_alloc();
+               #endif
+               }
+
+               return string_t(r.c_str(), r.length());
+       }
+#endif
+
+       PUGI__FN size_t xpath_query::evaluate_string(char_t* buffer, size_t capacity, const xpath_node& n) const
+       {
+               impl::xpath_context c(n, 1, 1);
+               impl::xpath_stack_data sd;
+
+               impl::xpath_string r = _impl ? static_cast<impl::xpath_query_impl*>(_impl)->root->eval_string(c, sd.stack) : impl::xpath_string();
+
+               if (sd.oom)
+               {
+               #ifdef PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+                       r = impl::xpath_string();
+               #else
+                       throw std::bad_alloc();
+               #endif
+               }
+
+               size_t full_size = r.length() + 1;
+
+               if (capacity > 0)
+               {
+                       size_t size = (full_size < capacity) ? full_size : capacity;
+                       assert(size > 0);
+
+                       memcpy(buffer, r.c_str(), (size - 1) * sizeof(char_t));
+                       buffer[size - 1] = 0;
+               }
+
+               return full_size;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set xpath_query::evaluate_node_set(const xpath_node& n) const
+       {
+               impl::xpath_ast_node* root = impl::evaluate_node_set_prepare(static_cast<impl::xpath_query_impl*>(_impl));
+               if (!root) return xpath_node_set();
+
+               impl::xpath_context c(n, 1, 1);
+               impl::xpath_stack_data sd;
+
+               impl::xpath_node_set_raw r = root->eval_node_set(c, sd.stack, impl::nodeset_eval_all);
+
+               if (sd.oom)
+               {
+               #ifdef PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+                       return xpath_node_set();
+               #else
+                       throw std::bad_alloc();
+               #endif
+               }
+
+               return xpath_node_set(r.begin(), r.end(), r.type());
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node xpath_query::evaluate_node(const xpath_node& n) const
+       {
+               impl::xpath_ast_node* root = impl::evaluate_node_set_prepare(static_cast<impl::xpath_query_impl*>(_impl));
+               if (!root) return xpath_node();
+
+               impl::xpath_context c(n, 1, 1);
+               impl::xpath_stack_data sd;
+
+               impl::xpath_node_set_raw r = root->eval_node_set(c, sd.stack, impl::nodeset_eval_first);
+
+               if (sd.oom)
+               {
+               #ifdef PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+                       return xpath_node();
+               #else
+                       throw std::bad_alloc();
+               #endif
+               }
+
+               return r.first();
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN const xpath_parse_result& xpath_query::result() const
+       {
+               return _result;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN static void unspecified_bool_xpath_query(xpath_query***)
+       {
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_query::operator xpath_query::unspecified_bool_type() const
+       {
+               return _impl ? unspecified_bool_xpath_query : 0;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN bool xpath_query::operator!() const
+       {
+               return !_impl;
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node xml_node::select_node(const char_t* query, xpath_variable_set* variables) const
+       {
+               xpath_query q(query, variables);
+               return q.evaluate_node(*this);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node xml_node::select_node(const xpath_query& query) const
+       {
+               return query.evaluate_node(*this);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set xml_node::select_nodes(const char_t* query, xpath_variable_set* variables) const
+       {
+               xpath_query q(query, variables);
+               return q.evaluate_node_set(*this);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node_set xml_node::select_nodes(const xpath_query& query) const
+       {
+               return query.evaluate_node_set(*this);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node xml_node::select_single_node(const char_t* query, xpath_variable_set* variables) const
+       {
+               xpath_query q(query, variables);
+               return q.evaluate_node(*this);
+       }
+
+       PUGI__FN xpath_node xml_node::select_single_node(const xpath_query& query) const
+       {
+               return query.evaluate_node(*this);
+       }
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __BORLANDC__
+#      pragma option pop
+#endif
+
+// Intel C++ does not properly keep warning state for function templates,
+// so popping warning state at the end of translation unit leads to warnings in the middle.
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+#      pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(__c2__)
+#      pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+// Undefine all local macros (makes sure we're not leaking macros in header-only mode)
+#undef PUGI__NO_INLINE
+#undef PUGI__UNLIKELY
+#undef PUGI__STATIC_ASSERT
+#undef PUGI__DMC_VOLATILE
+#undef PUGI__UNSIGNED_OVERFLOW
+#undef PUGI__MSVC_CRT_VERSION
+#undef PUGI__SNPRINTF
+#undef PUGI__NS_BEGIN
+#undef PUGI__NS_END
+#undef PUGI__FN
+#undef PUGI__FN_NO_INLINE
+#undef PUGI__GETHEADER_IMPL
+#undef PUGI__GETPAGE_IMPL
+#undef PUGI__GETPAGE
+#undef PUGI__NODETYPE
+#undef PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE_IMPL
+#undef PUGI__IS_CHARTYPE
+#undef PUGI__IS_CHARTYPEX
+#undef PUGI__ENDSWITH
+#undef PUGI__SKIPWS
+#undef PUGI__OPTSET
+#undef PUGI__PUSHNODE
+#undef PUGI__POPNODE
+#undef PUGI__SCANFOR
+#undef PUGI__SCANWHILE
+#undef PUGI__SCANWHILE_UNROLL
+#undef PUGI__ENDSEG
+#undef PUGI__THROW_ERROR
+#undef PUGI__CHECK_ERROR
+
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2018 Arseny Kapoulkine
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
+ * obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
+ * files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
+ * restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
+ * copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+ * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
+ * conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
+ * OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+ * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
+ * HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
+ * OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
diff --git a/utilities/pugixml/pugixml.hpp b/utilities/pugixml/pugixml.hpp
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..86403be
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,1461 @@
+/**
+ * pugixml parser - version 1.9
+ * --------------------------------------------------------
+ * Copyright (C) 2006-2018, by Arseny Kapoulkine (arseny.kapoulkine@gmail.com)
+ * Report bugs and download new versions at http://pugixml.org/
+ *
+ * This library is distributed under the MIT License. See notice at the end
+ * of this file.
+ *
+ * This work is based on the pugxml parser, which is:
+ * Copyright (C) 2003, by Kristen Wegner (kristen@tima.net)
+ */
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_VERSION
+// Define version macro; evaluates to major * 100 + minor so that it's safe to use in less-than comparisons
+#      define PUGIXML_VERSION 190
+#endif
+
+// Include user configuration file (this can define various configuration macros)
+#include "pugiconfig.hpp"
+
+#ifndef HEADER_PUGIXML_HPP
+#define HEADER_PUGIXML_HPP
+
+// Include stddef.h for size_t and ptrdiff_t
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+// Include exception header for XPath
+#if !defined(PUGIXML_NO_XPATH) && !defined(PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS)
+#      include <exception>
+#endif
+
+// Include STL headers
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+#      include <iterator>
+#      include <iosfwd>
+#      include <string>
+#endif
+
+// Macro for deprecated features
+#ifndef PUGIXML_DEPRECATED
+#      if defined(__GNUC__)
+#              define PUGIXML_DEPRECATED __attribute__((deprecated))
+#      elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1300
+#              define PUGIXML_DEPRECATED __declspec(deprecated)
+#      else
+#              define PUGIXML_DEPRECATED
+#      endif
+#endif
+
+// If no API is defined, assume default
+#ifndef PUGIXML_API
+#      define PUGIXML_API
+#endif
+
+// If no API for classes is defined, assume default
+#ifndef PUGIXML_CLASS
+#      define PUGIXML_CLASS PUGIXML_API
+#endif
+
+// If no API for functions is defined, assume default
+#ifndef PUGIXML_FUNCTION
+#      define PUGIXML_FUNCTION PUGIXML_API
+#endif
+
+// If the platform is known to have long long support, enable long long functions
+#ifndef PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+#      if __cplusplus >= 201103
+#              define PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+#      elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400
+#              define PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+#      endif
+#endif
+
+// If the platform is known to have move semantics support, compile move ctor/operator implementation
+#ifndef PUGIXML_HAS_MOVE
+#      if __cplusplus >= 201103
+#              define PUGIXML_HAS_MOVE
+#      elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1600
+#              define PUGIXML_HAS_MOVE
+#      endif
+#endif
+
+// If C++ is 2011 or higher, add 'noexcept' specifiers
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT
+#      if __cplusplus >= 201103
+#              define PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT noexcept
+#      elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1900
+#              define PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT noexcept
+#      else
+#              define PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT
+#      endif
+#endif
+
+// Some functions can not be noexcept in compact mode
+#ifdef PUGIXML_COMPACT
+#      define PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT_IF_NOT_COMPACT
+#else
+#      define PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT_IF_NOT_COMPACT PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT
+#endif
+
+// If C++ is 2011 or higher, add 'override' qualifiers
+#ifndef PUGIXML_OVERRIDE
+#      if __cplusplus >= 201103
+#              define PUGIXML_OVERRIDE override
+#      elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1700
+#              define PUGIXML_OVERRIDE override
+#      else
+#              define PUGIXML_OVERRIDE
+#      endif
+#endif
+
+// Character interface macros
+#ifdef PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+#      define PUGIXML_TEXT(t) L ## t
+#      define PUGIXML_CHAR wchar_t
+#else
+#      define PUGIXML_TEXT(t) t
+#      define PUGIXML_CHAR char
+#endif
+
+namespace pugi
+{
+       // Character type used for all internal storage and operations; depends on PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+       typedef PUGIXML_CHAR char_t;
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+       // String type used for operations that work with STL string; depends on PUGIXML_WCHAR_MODE
+       typedef std::basic_string<PUGIXML_CHAR, std::char_traits<PUGIXML_CHAR>, std::allocator<PUGIXML_CHAR> > string_t;
+#endif
+}
+
+// The PugiXML namespace
+namespace pugi
+{
+       // Tree node types
+       enum xml_node_type
+       {
+               node_null,                      // Empty (null) node handle
+               node_document,          // A document tree's absolute root
+               node_element,           // Element tag, i.e. '<node/>'
+               node_pcdata,            // Plain character data, i.e. 'text'
+               node_cdata,                     // Character data, i.e. '<![CDATA[text]]>'
+               node_comment,           // Comment tag, i.e. '<!-- text -->'
+               node_pi,                        // Processing instruction, i.e. '<?name?>'
+               node_declaration,       // Document declaration, i.e. '<?xml version="1.0"?>'
+               node_doctype            // Document type declaration, i.e. '<!DOCTYPE doc>'
+       };
+
+       // Parsing options
+
+       // Minimal parsing mode (equivalent to turning all other flags off).
+       // Only elements and PCDATA sections are added to the DOM tree, no text conversions are performed.
+       const unsigned int parse_minimal = 0x0000;
+
+       // This flag determines if processing instructions (node_pi) are added to the DOM tree. This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int parse_pi = 0x0001;
+
+       // This flag determines if comments (node_comment) are added to the DOM tree. This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int parse_comments = 0x0002;
+
+       // This flag determines if CDATA sections (node_cdata) are added to the DOM tree. This flag is on by default.
+       const unsigned int parse_cdata = 0x0004;
+
+       // This flag determines if plain character data (node_pcdata) that consist only of whitespace are added to the DOM tree.
+       // This flag is off by default; turning it on usually results in slower parsing and more memory consumption.
+       const unsigned int parse_ws_pcdata = 0x0008;
+
+       // This flag determines if character and entity references are expanded during parsing. This flag is on by default.
+       const unsigned int parse_escapes = 0x0010;
+
+       // This flag determines if EOL characters are normalized (converted to #xA) during parsing. This flag is on by default.
+       const unsigned int parse_eol = 0x0020;
+
+       // This flag determines if attribute values are normalized using CDATA normalization rules during parsing. This flag is on by default.
+       const unsigned int parse_wconv_attribute = 0x0040;
+
+       // This flag determines if attribute values are normalized using NMTOKENS normalization rules during parsing. This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int parse_wnorm_attribute = 0x0080;
+
+       // This flag determines if document declaration (node_declaration) is added to the DOM tree. This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int parse_declaration = 0x0100;
+
+       // This flag determines if document type declaration (node_doctype) is added to the DOM tree. This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int parse_doctype = 0x0200;
+
+       // This flag determines if plain character data (node_pcdata) that is the only child of the parent node and that consists only
+       // of whitespace is added to the DOM tree.
+       // This flag is off by default; turning it on may result in slower parsing and more memory consumption.
+       const unsigned int parse_ws_pcdata_single = 0x0400;
+
+       // This flag determines if leading and trailing whitespace is to be removed from plain character data. This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int parse_trim_pcdata = 0x0800;
+
+       // This flag determines if plain character data that does not have a parent node is added to the DOM tree, and if an empty document
+       // is a valid document. This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int parse_fragment = 0x1000;
+
+       // This flag determines if plain character data is be stored in the parent element's value. This significantly changes the structure of
+       // the document; this flag is only recommended for parsing documents with many PCDATA nodes in memory-constrained environments.
+       // This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int parse_embed_pcdata = 0x2000;
+
+       // The default parsing mode.
+       // Elements, PCDATA and CDATA sections are added to the DOM tree, character/reference entities are expanded,
+       // End-of-Line characters are normalized, attribute values are normalized using CDATA normalization rules.
+       const unsigned int parse_default = parse_cdata | parse_escapes | parse_wconv_attribute | parse_eol;
+
+       // The full parsing mode.
+       // Nodes of all types are added to the DOM tree, character/reference entities are expanded,
+       // End-of-Line characters are normalized, attribute values are normalized using CDATA normalization rules.
+       const unsigned int parse_full = parse_default | parse_pi | parse_comments | parse_declaration | parse_doctype;
+
+       // These flags determine the encoding of input data for XML document
+       enum xml_encoding
+       {
+               encoding_auto,          // Auto-detect input encoding using BOM or < / <? detection; use UTF8 if BOM is not found
+               encoding_utf8,          // UTF8 encoding
+               encoding_utf16_le,      // Little-endian UTF16
+               encoding_utf16_be,      // Big-endian UTF16
+               encoding_utf16,         // UTF16 with native endianness
+               encoding_utf32_le,      // Little-endian UTF32
+               encoding_utf32_be,      // Big-endian UTF32
+               encoding_utf32,         // UTF32 with native endianness
+               encoding_wchar,         // The same encoding wchar_t has (either UTF16 or UTF32)
+               encoding_latin1
+       };
+
+       // Formatting flags
+
+       // Indent the nodes that are written to output stream with as many indentation strings as deep the node is in DOM tree. This flag is on by default.
+       const unsigned int format_indent = 0x01;
+
+       // Write encoding-specific BOM to the output stream. This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int format_write_bom = 0x02;
+
+       // Use raw output mode (no indentation and no line breaks are written). This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int format_raw = 0x04;
+
+       // Omit default XML declaration even if there is no declaration in the document. This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int format_no_declaration = 0x08;
+
+       // Don't escape attribute values and PCDATA contents. This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int format_no_escapes = 0x10;
+
+       // Open file using text mode in xml_document::save_file. This enables special character (i.e. new-line) conversions on some systems. This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int format_save_file_text = 0x20;
+
+       // Write every attribute on a new line with appropriate indentation. This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int format_indent_attributes = 0x40;
+
+       // Don't output empty element tags, instead writing an explicit start and end tag even if there are no children. This flag is off by default.
+       const unsigned int format_no_empty_element_tags = 0x80;
+
+       // The default set of formatting flags.
+       // Nodes are indented depending on their depth in DOM tree, a default declaration is output if document has none.
+       const unsigned int format_default = format_indent;
+
+       // Forward declarations
+       struct xml_attribute_struct;
+       struct xml_node_struct;
+
+       class xml_node_iterator;
+       class xml_attribute_iterator;
+       class xml_named_node_iterator;
+
+       class xml_tree_walker;
+
+       struct xml_parse_result;
+
+       class xml_node;
+
+       class xml_text;
+
+       #ifndef PUGIXML_NO_XPATH
+       class xpath_node;
+       class xpath_node_set;
+       class xpath_query;
+       class xpath_variable_set;
+       #endif
+
+       // Range-based for loop support
+       template <typename It> class xml_object_range
+       {
+       public:
+               typedef It const_iterator;
+               typedef It iterator;
+
+               xml_object_range(It b, It e): _begin(b), _end(e)
+               {
+               }
+
+               It begin() const { return _begin; }
+               It end() const { return _end; }
+
+       private:
+               It _begin, _end;
+       };
+
+       // Writer interface for node printing (see xml_node::print)
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xml_writer
+       {
+       public:
+               virtual ~xml_writer() {}
+
+               // Write memory chunk into stream/file/whatever
+               virtual void write(const void* data, size_t size) = 0;
+       };
+
+       // xml_writer implementation for FILE*
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xml_writer_file: public xml_writer
+       {
+       public:
+               // Construct writer from a FILE* object; void* is used to avoid header dependencies on stdio
+               xml_writer_file(void* file);
+
+               virtual void write(const void* data, size_t size) PUGIXML_OVERRIDE;
+
+       private:
+               void* file;
+       };
+
+       #ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+       // xml_writer implementation for streams
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xml_writer_stream: public xml_writer
+       {
+       public:
+               // Construct writer from an output stream object
+               xml_writer_stream(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& stream);
+               xml_writer_stream(std::basic_ostream<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t> >& stream);
+
+               virtual void write(const void* data, size_t size) PUGIXML_OVERRIDE;
+
+       private:
+               std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >* narrow_stream;
+               std::basic_ostream<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t> >* wide_stream;
+       };
+       #endif
+
+       // A light-weight handle for manipulating attributes in DOM tree
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xml_attribute
+       {
+               friend class xml_attribute_iterator;
+               friend class xml_node;
+
+       private:
+               xml_attribute_struct* _attr;
+
+               typedef void (*unspecified_bool_type)(xml_attribute***);
+
+       public:
+               // Default constructor. Constructs an empty attribute.
+               xml_attribute();
+
+               // Constructs attribute from internal pointer
+               explicit xml_attribute(xml_attribute_struct* attr);
+
+               // Safe bool conversion operator
+               operator unspecified_bool_type() const;
+
+               // Borland C++ workaround
+               bool operator!() const;
+
+               // Comparison operators (compares wrapped attribute pointers)
+               bool operator==(const xml_attribute& r) const;
+               bool operator!=(const xml_attribute& r) const;
+               bool operator<(const xml_attribute& r) const;
+               bool operator>(const xml_attribute& r) const;
+               bool operator<=(const xml_attribute& r) const;
+               bool operator>=(const xml_attribute& r) const;
+
+               // Check if attribute is empty
+               bool empty() const;
+
+               // Get attribute name/value, or "" if attribute is empty
+               const char_t* name() const;
+               const char_t* value() const;
+
+               // Get attribute value, or the default value if attribute is empty
+               const char_t* as_string(const char_t* def = PUGIXML_TEXT("")) const;
+
+               // Get attribute value as a number, or the default value if conversion did not succeed or attribute is empty
+               int as_int(int def = 0) const;
+               unsigned int as_uint(unsigned int def = 0) const;
+               double as_double(double def = 0) const;
+               float as_float(float def = 0) const;
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+               long long as_llong(long long def = 0) const;
+               unsigned long long as_ullong(unsigned long long def = 0) const;
+       #endif
+
+               // Get attribute value as bool (returns true if first character is in '1tTyY' set), or the default value if attribute is empty
+               bool as_bool(bool def = false) const;
+
+               // Set attribute name/value (returns false if attribute is empty or there is not enough memory)
+               bool set_name(const char_t* rhs);
+               bool set_value(const char_t* rhs);
+
+               // Set attribute value with type conversion (numbers are converted to strings, boolean is converted to "true"/"false")
+               bool set_value(int rhs);
+               bool set_value(unsigned int rhs);
+               bool set_value(long rhs);
+               bool set_value(unsigned long rhs);
+               bool set_value(double rhs);
+               bool set_value(float rhs);
+               bool set_value(bool rhs);
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+               bool set_value(long long rhs);
+               bool set_value(unsigned long long rhs);
+       #endif
+
+               // Set attribute value (equivalent to set_value without error checking)
+               xml_attribute& operator=(const char_t* rhs);
+               xml_attribute& operator=(int rhs);
+               xml_attribute& operator=(unsigned int rhs);
+               xml_attribute& operator=(long rhs);
+               xml_attribute& operator=(unsigned long rhs);
+               xml_attribute& operator=(double rhs);
+               xml_attribute& operator=(float rhs);
+               xml_attribute& operator=(bool rhs);
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+               xml_attribute& operator=(long long rhs);
+               xml_attribute& operator=(unsigned long long rhs);
+       #endif
+
+               // Get next/previous attribute in the attribute list of the parent node
+               xml_attribute next_attribute() const;
+               xml_attribute previous_attribute() const;
+
+               // Get hash value (unique for handles to the same object)
+               size_t hash_value() const;
+
+               // Get internal pointer
+               xml_attribute_struct* internal_object() const;
+       };
+
+#ifdef __BORLANDC__
+       // Borland C++ workaround
+       bool PUGIXML_FUNCTION operator&&(const xml_attribute& lhs, bool rhs);
+       bool PUGIXML_FUNCTION operator||(const xml_attribute& lhs, bool rhs);
+#endif
+
+       // A light-weight handle for manipulating nodes in DOM tree
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xml_node
+       {
+               friend class xml_attribute_iterator;
+               friend class xml_node_iterator;
+               friend class xml_named_node_iterator;
+
+       protected:
+               xml_node_struct* _root;
+
+               typedef void (*unspecified_bool_type)(xml_node***);
+
+       public:
+               // Default constructor. Constructs an empty node.
+               xml_node();
+
+               // Constructs node from internal pointer
+               explicit xml_node(xml_node_struct* p);
+
+               // Safe bool conversion operator
+               operator unspecified_bool_type() const;
+
+               // Borland C++ workaround
+               bool operator!() const;
+
+               // Comparison operators (compares wrapped node pointers)
+               bool operator==(const xml_node& r) const;
+               bool operator!=(const xml_node& r) const;
+               bool operator<(const xml_node& r) const;
+               bool operator>(const xml_node& r) const;
+               bool operator<=(const xml_node& r) const;
+               bool operator>=(const xml_node& r) const;
+
+               // Check if node is empty.
+               bool empty() const;
+
+               // Get node type
+               xml_node_type type() const;
+
+               // Get node name, or "" if node is empty or it has no name
+               const char_t* name() const;
+
+               // Get node value, or "" if node is empty or it has no value
+               // Note: For <node>text</node> node.value() does not return "text"! Use child_value() or text() methods to access text inside nodes.
+               const char_t* value() const;
+
+               // Get attribute list
+               xml_attribute first_attribute() const;
+               xml_attribute last_attribute() const;
+
+               // Get children list
+               xml_node first_child() const;
+               xml_node last_child() const;
+
+               // Get next/previous sibling in the children list of the parent node
+               xml_node next_sibling() const;
+               xml_node previous_sibling() const;
+
+               // Get parent node
+               xml_node parent() const;
+
+               // Get root of DOM tree this node belongs to
+               xml_node root() const;
+
+               // Get text object for the current node
+               xml_text text() const;
+
+               // Get child, attribute or next/previous sibling with the specified name
+               xml_node child(const char_t* name) const;
+               xml_attribute attribute(const char_t* name) const;
+               xml_node next_sibling(const char_t* name) const;
+               xml_node previous_sibling(const char_t* name) const;
+
+               // Get attribute, starting the search from a hint (and updating hint so that searching for a sequence of attributes is fast)
+               xml_attribute attribute(const char_t* name, xml_attribute& hint) const;
+
+               // Get child value of current node; that is, value of the first child node of type PCDATA/CDATA
+               const char_t* child_value() const;
+
+               // Get child value of child with specified name. Equivalent to child(name).child_value().
+               const char_t* child_value(const char_t* name) const;
+
+               // Set node name/value (returns false if node is empty, there is not enough memory, or node can not have name/value)
+               bool set_name(const char_t* rhs);
+               bool set_value(const char_t* rhs);
+
+               // Add attribute with specified name. Returns added attribute, or empty attribute on errors.
+               xml_attribute append_attribute(const char_t* name);
+               xml_attribute prepend_attribute(const char_t* name);
+               xml_attribute insert_attribute_after(const char_t* name, const xml_attribute& attr);
+               xml_attribute insert_attribute_before(const char_t* name, const xml_attribute& attr);
+
+               // Add a copy of the specified attribute. Returns added attribute, or empty attribute on errors.
+               xml_attribute append_copy(const xml_attribute& proto);
+               xml_attribute prepend_copy(const xml_attribute& proto);
+               xml_attribute insert_copy_after(const xml_attribute& proto, const xml_attribute& attr);
+               xml_attribute insert_copy_before(const xml_attribute& proto, const xml_attribute& attr);
+
+               // Add child node with specified type. Returns added node, or empty node on errors.
+               xml_node append_child(xml_node_type type = node_element);
+               xml_node prepend_child(xml_node_type type = node_element);
+               xml_node insert_child_after(xml_node_type type, const xml_node& node);
+               xml_node insert_child_before(xml_node_type type, const xml_node& node);
+
+               // Add child element with specified name. Returns added node, or empty node on errors.
+               xml_node append_child(const char_t* name);
+               xml_node prepend_child(const char_t* name);
+               xml_node insert_child_after(const char_t* name, const xml_node& node);
+               xml_node insert_child_before(const char_t* name, const xml_node& node);
+
+               // Add a copy of the specified node as a child. Returns added node, or empty node on errors.
+               xml_node append_copy(const xml_node& proto);
+               xml_node prepend_copy(const xml_node& proto);
+               xml_node insert_copy_after(const xml_node& proto, const xml_node& node);
+               xml_node insert_copy_before(const xml_node& proto, const xml_node& node);
+
+               // Move the specified node to become a child of this node. Returns moved node, or empty node on errors.
+               xml_node append_move(const xml_node& moved);
+               xml_node prepend_move(const xml_node& moved);
+               xml_node insert_move_after(const xml_node& moved, const xml_node& node);
+               xml_node insert_move_before(const xml_node& moved, const xml_node& node);
+
+               // Remove specified attribute
+               bool remove_attribute(const xml_attribute& a);
+               bool remove_attribute(const char_t* name);
+
+               // Remove specified child
+               bool remove_child(const xml_node& n);
+               bool remove_child(const char_t* name);
+
+               // Parses buffer as an XML document fragment and appends all nodes as children of the current node.
+               // Copies/converts the buffer, so it may be deleted or changed after the function returns.
+               // Note: append_buffer allocates memory that has the lifetime of the owning document; removing the appended nodes does not immediately reclaim that memory.
+               xml_parse_result append_buffer(const void* contents, size_t size, unsigned int options = parse_default, xml_encoding encoding = encoding_auto);
+
+               // Find attribute using predicate. Returns first attribute for which predicate returned true.
+               template <typename Predicate> xml_attribute find_attribute(Predicate pred) const
+               {
+                       if (!_root) return xml_attribute();
+
+                       for (xml_attribute attrib = first_attribute(); attrib; attrib = attrib.next_attribute())
+                               if (pred(attrib))
+                                       return attrib;
+
+                       return xml_attribute();
+               }
+
+               // Find child node using predicate. Returns first child for which predicate returned true.
+               template <typename Predicate> xml_node find_child(Predicate pred) const
+               {
+                       if (!_root) return xml_node();
+
+                       for (xml_node node = first_child(); node; node = node.next_sibling())
+                               if (pred(node))
+                                       return node;
+
+                       return xml_node();
+               }
+
+               // Find node from subtree using predicate. Returns first node from subtree (depth-first), for which predicate returned true.
+               template <typename Predicate> xml_node find_node(Predicate pred) const
+               {
+                       if (!_root) return xml_node();
+
+                       xml_node cur = first_child();
+
+                       while (cur._root && cur._root != _root)
+                       {
+                               if (pred(cur)) return cur;
+
+                               if (cur.first_child()) cur = cur.first_child();
+                               else if (cur.next_sibling()) cur = cur.next_sibling();
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       while (!cur.next_sibling() && cur._root != _root) cur = cur.parent();
+
+                                       if (cur._root != _root) cur = cur.next_sibling();
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       return xml_node();
+               }
+
+               // Find child node by attribute name/value
+               xml_node find_child_by_attribute(const char_t* name, const char_t* attr_name, const char_t* attr_value) const;
+               xml_node find_child_by_attribute(const char_t* attr_name, const char_t* attr_value) const;
+
+       #ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+               // Get the absolute node path from root as a text string.
+               string_t path(char_t delimiter = '/') const;
+       #endif
+
+               // Search for a node by path consisting of node names and . or .. elements.
+               xml_node first_element_by_path(const char_t* path, char_t delimiter = '/') const;
+
+               // Recursively traverse subtree with xml_tree_walker
+               bool traverse(xml_tree_walker& walker);
+
+       #ifndef PUGIXML_NO_XPATH
+               // Select single node by evaluating XPath query. Returns first node from the resulting node set.
+               xpath_node select_node(const char_t* query, xpath_variable_set* variables = 0) const;
+               xpath_node select_node(const xpath_query& query) const;
+
+               // Select node set by evaluating XPath query
+               xpath_node_set select_nodes(const char_t* query, xpath_variable_set* variables = 0) const;
+               xpath_node_set select_nodes(const xpath_query& query) const;
+
+               // (deprecated: use select_node instead) Select single node by evaluating XPath query.
+               PUGIXML_DEPRECATED xpath_node select_single_node(const char_t* query, xpath_variable_set* variables = 0) const;
+               PUGIXML_DEPRECATED xpath_node select_single_node(const xpath_query& query) const;
+
+       #endif
+
+               // Print subtree using a writer object
+               void print(xml_writer& writer, const char_t* indent = PUGIXML_TEXT("\t"), unsigned int flags = format_default, xml_encoding encoding = encoding_auto, unsigned int depth = 0) const;
+
+       #ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+               // Print subtree to stream
+               void print(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& os, const char_t* indent = PUGIXML_TEXT("\t"), unsigned int flags = format_default, xml_encoding encoding = encoding_auto, unsigned int depth = 0) const;
+               void print(std::basic_ostream<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t> >& os, const char_t* indent = PUGIXML_TEXT("\t"), unsigned int flags = format_default, unsigned int depth = 0) const;
+       #endif
+
+               // Child nodes iterators
+               typedef xml_node_iterator iterator;
+
+               iterator begin() const;
+               iterator end() const;
+
+               // Attribute iterators
+               typedef xml_attribute_iterator attribute_iterator;
+
+               attribute_iterator attributes_begin() const;
+               attribute_iterator attributes_end() const;
+
+               // Range-based for support
+               xml_object_range<xml_node_iterator> children() const;
+               xml_object_range<xml_named_node_iterator> children(const char_t* name) const;
+               xml_object_range<xml_attribute_iterator> attributes() const;
+
+               // Get node offset in parsed file/string (in char_t units) for debugging purposes
+               ptrdiff_t offset_debug() const;
+
+               // Get hash value (unique for handles to the same object)
+               size_t hash_value() const;
+
+               // Get internal pointer
+               xml_node_struct* internal_object() const;
+       };
+
+#ifdef __BORLANDC__
+       // Borland C++ workaround
+       bool PUGIXML_FUNCTION operator&&(const xml_node& lhs, bool rhs);
+       bool PUGIXML_FUNCTION operator||(const xml_node& lhs, bool rhs);
+#endif
+
+       // A helper for working with text inside PCDATA nodes
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xml_text
+       {
+               friend class xml_node;
+
+               xml_node_struct* _root;
+
+               typedef void (*unspecified_bool_type)(xml_text***);
+
+               explicit xml_text(xml_node_struct* root);
+
+               xml_node_struct* _data_new();
+               xml_node_struct* _data() const;
+
+       public:
+               // Default constructor. Constructs an empty object.
+               xml_text();
+
+               // Safe bool conversion operator
+               operator unspecified_bool_type() const;
+
+               // Borland C++ workaround
+               bool operator!() const;
+
+               // Check if text object is empty
+               bool empty() const;
+
+               // Get text, or "" if object is empty
+               const char_t* get() const;
+
+               // Get text, or the default value if object is empty
+               const char_t* as_string(const char_t* def = PUGIXML_TEXT("")) const;
+
+               // Get text as a number, or the default value if conversion did not succeed or object is empty
+               int as_int(int def = 0) const;
+               unsigned int as_uint(unsigned int def = 0) const;
+               double as_double(double def = 0) const;
+               float as_float(float def = 0) const;
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+               long long as_llong(long long def = 0) const;
+               unsigned long long as_ullong(unsigned long long def = 0) const;
+       #endif
+
+               // Get text as bool (returns true if first character is in '1tTyY' set), or the default value if object is empty
+               bool as_bool(bool def = false) const;
+
+               // Set text (returns false if object is empty or there is not enough memory)
+               bool set(const char_t* rhs);
+
+               // Set text with type conversion (numbers are converted to strings, boolean is converted to "true"/"false")
+               bool set(int rhs);
+               bool set(unsigned int rhs);
+               bool set(long rhs);
+               bool set(unsigned long rhs);
+               bool set(double rhs);
+               bool set(float rhs);
+               bool set(bool rhs);
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+               bool set(long long rhs);
+               bool set(unsigned long long rhs);
+       #endif
+
+               // Set text (equivalent to set without error checking)
+               xml_text& operator=(const char_t* rhs);
+               xml_text& operator=(int rhs);
+               xml_text& operator=(unsigned int rhs);
+               xml_text& operator=(long rhs);
+               xml_text& operator=(unsigned long rhs);
+               xml_text& operator=(double rhs);
+               xml_text& operator=(float rhs);
+               xml_text& operator=(bool rhs);
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_LONG_LONG
+               xml_text& operator=(long long rhs);
+               xml_text& operator=(unsigned long long rhs);
+       #endif
+
+               // Get the data node (node_pcdata or node_cdata) for this object
+               xml_node data() const;
+       };
+
+#ifdef __BORLANDC__
+       // Borland C++ workaround
+       bool PUGIXML_FUNCTION operator&&(const xml_text& lhs, bool rhs);
+       bool PUGIXML_FUNCTION operator||(const xml_text& lhs, bool rhs);
+#endif
+
+       // Child node iterator (a bidirectional iterator over a collection of xml_node)
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xml_node_iterator
+       {
+               friend class xml_node;
+
+       private:
+               mutable xml_node _wrap;
+               xml_node _parent;
+
+               xml_node_iterator(xml_node_struct* ref, xml_node_struct* parent);
+
+       public:
+               // Iterator traits
+               typedef ptrdiff_t difference_type;
+               typedef xml_node value_type;
+               typedef xml_node* pointer;
+               typedef xml_node& reference;
+
+       #ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+               typedef std::bidirectional_iterator_tag iterator_category;
+       #endif
+
+               // Default constructor
+               xml_node_iterator();
+
+               // Construct an iterator which points to the specified node
+               xml_node_iterator(const xml_node& node);
+
+               // Iterator operators
+               bool operator==(const xml_node_iterator& rhs) const;
+               bool operator!=(const xml_node_iterator& rhs) const;
+
+               xml_node& operator*() const;
+               xml_node* operator->() const;
+
+               const xml_node_iterator& operator++();
+               xml_node_iterator operator++(int);
+
+               const xml_node_iterator& operator--();
+               xml_node_iterator operator--(int);
+       };
+
+       // Attribute iterator (a bidirectional iterator over a collection of xml_attribute)
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xml_attribute_iterator
+       {
+               friend class xml_node;
+
+       private:
+               mutable xml_attribute _wrap;
+               xml_node _parent;
+
+               xml_attribute_iterator(xml_attribute_struct* ref, xml_node_struct* parent);
+
+       public:
+               // Iterator traits
+               typedef ptrdiff_t difference_type;
+               typedef xml_attribute value_type;
+               typedef xml_attribute* pointer;
+               typedef xml_attribute& reference;
+
+       #ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+               typedef std::bidirectional_iterator_tag iterator_category;
+       #endif
+
+               // Default constructor
+               xml_attribute_iterator();
+
+               // Construct an iterator which points to the specified attribute
+               xml_attribute_iterator(const xml_attribute& attr, const xml_node& parent);
+
+               // Iterator operators
+               bool operator==(const xml_attribute_iterator& rhs) const;
+               bool operator!=(const xml_attribute_iterator& rhs) const;
+
+               xml_attribute& operator*() const;
+               xml_attribute* operator->() const;
+
+               const xml_attribute_iterator& operator++();
+               xml_attribute_iterator operator++(int);
+
+               const xml_attribute_iterator& operator--();
+               xml_attribute_iterator operator--(int);
+       };
+
+       // Named node range helper
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xml_named_node_iterator
+       {
+               friend class xml_node;
+
+       public:
+               // Iterator traits
+               typedef ptrdiff_t difference_type;
+               typedef xml_node value_type;
+               typedef xml_node* pointer;
+               typedef xml_node& reference;
+
+       #ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+               typedef std::bidirectional_iterator_tag iterator_category;
+       #endif
+
+               // Default constructor
+               xml_named_node_iterator();
+
+               // Construct an iterator which points to the specified node
+               xml_named_node_iterator(const xml_node& node, const char_t* name);
+
+               // Iterator operators
+               bool operator==(const xml_named_node_iterator& rhs) const;
+               bool operator!=(const xml_named_node_iterator& rhs) const;
+
+               xml_node& operator*() const;
+               xml_node* operator->() const;
+
+               const xml_named_node_iterator& operator++();
+               xml_named_node_iterator operator++(int);
+
+               const xml_named_node_iterator& operator--();
+               xml_named_node_iterator operator--(int);
+
+       private:
+               mutable xml_node _wrap;
+               xml_node _parent;
+               const char_t* _name;
+
+               xml_named_node_iterator(xml_node_struct* ref, xml_node_struct* parent, const char_t* name);
+       };
+
+       // Abstract tree walker class (see xml_node::traverse)
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xml_tree_walker
+       {
+               friend class xml_node;
+
+       private:
+               int _depth;
+
+       protected:
+               // Get current traversal depth
+               int depth() const;
+
+       public:
+               xml_tree_walker();
+               virtual ~xml_tree_walker();
+
+               // Callback that is called when traversal begins
+               virtual bool begin(xml_node& node);
+
+               // Callback that is called for each node traversed
+               virtual bool for_each(xml_node& node) = 0;
+
+               // Callback that is called when traversal ends
+               virtual bool end(xml_node& node);
+       };
+
+       // Parsing status, returned as part of xml_parse_result object
+       enum xml_parse_status
+       {
+               status_ok = 0,                          // No error
+
+               status_file_not_found,          // File was not found during load_file()
+               status_io_error,                        // Error reading from file/stream
+               status_out_of_memory,           // Could not allocate memory
+               status_internal_error,          // Internal error occurred
+
+               status_unrecognized_tag,        // Parser could not determine tag type
+
+               status_bad_pi,                          // Parsing error occurred while parsing document declaration/processing instruction
+               status_bad_comment,                     // Parsing error occurred while parsing comment
+               status_bad_cdata,                       // Parsing error occurred while parsing CDATA section
+               status_bad_doctype,                     // Parsing error occurred while parsing document type declaration
+               status_bad_pcdata,                      // Parsing error occurred while parsing PCDATA section
+               status_bad_start_element,       // Parsing error occurred while parsing start element tag
+               status_bad_attribute,           // Parsing error occurred while parsing element attribute
+               status_bad_end_element,         // Parsing error occurred while parsing end element tag
+               status_end_element_mismatch,// There was a mismatch of start-end tags (closing tag had incorrect name, some tag was not closed or there was an excessive closing tag)
+
+               status_append_invalid_root,     // Unable to append nodes since root type is not node_element or node_document (exclusive to xml_node::append_buffer)
+
+               status_no_document_element      // Parsing resulted in a document without element nodes
+       };
+
+       // Parsing result
+       struct PUGIXML_CLASS xml_parse_result
+       {
+               // Parsing status (see xml_parse_status)
+               xml_parse_status status;
+
+               // Last parsed offset (in char_t units from start of input data)
+               ptrdiff_t offset;
+
+               // Source document encoding
+               xml_encoding encoding;
+
+               // Default constructor, initializes object to failed state
+               xml_parse_result();
+
+               // Cast to bool operator
+               operator bool() const;
+
+               // Get error description
+               const char* description() const;
+       };
+
+       // Document class (DOM tree root)
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xml_document: public xml_node
+       {
+       private:
+               char_t* _buffer;
+
+               char _memory[192];
+
+               // Non-copyable semantics
+               xml_document(const xml_document&);
+               xml_document& operator=(const xml_document&);
+
+               void _create();
+               void _destroy();
+               void _move(xml_document& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT_IF_NOT_COMPACT;
+
+       public:
+               // Default constructor, makes empty document
+               xml_document();
+
+               // Destructor, invalidates all node/attribute handles to this document
+               ~xml_document();
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_MOVE
+               // Move semantics support
+               xml_document(xml_document&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT_IF_NOT_COMPACT;
+               xml_document& operator=(xml_document&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT_IF_NOT_COMPACT;
+       #endif
+
+               // Removes all nodes, leaving the empty document
+               void reset();
+
+               // Removes all nodes, then copies the entire contents of the specified document
+               void reset(const xml_document& proto);
+
+       #ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+               // Load document from stream.
+               xml_parse_result load(std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& stream, unsigned int options = parse_default, xml_encoding encoding = encoding_auto);
+               xml_parse_result load(std::basic_istream<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t> >& stream, unsigned int options = parse_default);
+       #endif
+
+               // (deprecated: use load_string instead) Load document from zero-terminated string. No encoding conversions are applied.
+               PUGIXML_DEPRECATED xml_parse_result load(const char_t* contents, unsigned int options = parse_default);
+
+               // Load document from zero-terminated string. No encoding conversions are applied.
+               xml_parse_result load_string(const char_t* contents, unsigned int options = parse_default);
+
+               // Load document from file
+               xml_parse_result load_file(const char* path, unsigned int options = parse_default, xml_encoding encoding = encoding_auto);
+               xml_parse_result load_file(const wchar_t* path, unsigned int options = parse_default, xml_encoding encoding = encoding_auto);
+
+               // Load document from buffer. Copies/converts the buffer, so it may be deleted or changed after the function returns.
+               xml_parse_result load_buffer(const void* contents, size_t size, unsigned int options = parse_default, xml_encoding encoding = encoding_auto);
+
+               // Load document from buffer, using the buffer for in-place parsing (the buffer is modified and used for storage of document data).
+               // You should ensure that buffer data will persist throughout the document's lifetime, and free the buffer memory manually once document is destroyed.
+               xml_parse_result load_buffer_inplace(void* contents, size_t size, unsigned int options = parse_default, xml_encoding encoding = encoding_auto);
+
+               // Load document from buffer, using the buffer for in-place parsing (the buffer is modified and used for storage of document data).
+               // You should allocate the buffer with pugixml allocation function; document will free the buffer when it is no longer needed (you can't use it anymore).
+               xml_parse_result load_buffer_inplace_own(void* contents, size_t size, unsigned int options = parse_default, xml_encoding encoding = encoding_auto);
+
+               // Save XML document to writer (semantics is slightly different from xml_node::print, see documentation for details).
+               void save(xml_writer& writer, const char_t* indent = PUGIXML_TEXT("\t"), unsigned int flags = format_default, xml_encoding encoding = encoding_auto) const;
+
+       #ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+               // Save XML document to stream (semantics is slightly different from xml_node::print, see documentation for details).
+               void save(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& stream, const char_t* indent = PUGIXML_TEXT("\t"), unsigned int flags = format_default, xml_encoding encoding = encoding_auto) const;
+               void save(std::basic_ostream<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t> >& stream, const char_t* indent = PUGIXML_TEXT("\t"), unsigned int flags = format_default) const;
+       #endif
+
+               // Save XML to file
+               bool save_file(const char* path, const char_t* indent = PUGIXML_TEXT("\t"), unsigned int flags = format_default, xml_encoding encoding = encoding_auto) const;
+               bool save_file(const wchar_t* path, const char_t* indent = PUGIXML_TEXT("\t"), unsigned int flags = format_default, xml_encoding encoding = encoding_auto) const;
+
+               // Get document element
+               xml_node document_element() const;
+       };
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_XPATH
+       // XPath query return type
+       enum xpath_value_type
+       {
+               xpath_type_none,          // Unknown type (query failed to compile)
+               xpath_type_node_set,  // Node set (xpath_node_set)
+               xpath_type_number,        // Number
+               xpath_type_string,        // String
+               xpath_type_boolean        // Boolean
+       };
+
+       // XPath parsing result
+       struct PUGIXML_CLASS xpath_parse_result
+       {
+               // Error message (0 if no error)
+               const char* error;
+
+               // Last parsed offset (in char_t units from string start)
+               ptrdiff_t offset;
+
+               // Default constructor, initializes object to failed state
+               xpath_parse_result();
+
+               // Cast to bool operator
+               operator bool() const;
+
+               // Get error description
+               const char* description() const;
+       };
+
+       // A single XPath variable
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xpath_variable
+       {
+               friend class xpath_variable_set;
+
+       protected:
+               xpath_value_type _type;
+               xpath_variable* _next;
+
+               xpath_variable(xpath_value_type type);
+
+               // Non-copyable semantics
+               xpath_variable(const xpath_variable&);
+               xpath_variable& operator=(const xpath_variable&);
+
+       public:
+               // Get variable name
+               const char_t* name() const;
+
+               // Get variable type
+               xpath_value_type type() const;
+
+               // Get variable value; no type conversion is performed, default value (false, NaN, empty string, empty node set) is returned on type mismatch error
+               bool get_boolean() const;
+               double get_number() const;
+               const char_t* get_string() const;
+               const xpath_node_set& get_node_set() const;
+
+               // Set variable value; no type conversion is performed, false is returned on type mismatch error
+               bool set(bool value);
+               bool set(double value);
+               bool set(const char_t* value);
+               bool set(const xpath_node_set& value);
+       };
+
+       // A set of XPath variables
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xpath_variable_set
+       {
+       private:
+               xpath_variable* _data[64];
+
+               void _assign(const xpath_variable_set& rhs);
+               void _swap(xpath_variable_set& rhs);
+
+               xpath_variable* _find(const char_t* name) const;
+
+               static bool _clone(xpath_variable* var, xpath_variable** out_result);
+               static void _destroy(xpath_variable* var);
+
+       public:
+               // Default constructor/destructor
+               xpath_variable_set();
+               ~xpath_variable_set();
+
+               // Copy constructor/assignment operator
+               xpath_variable_set(const xpath_variable_set& rhs);
+               xpath_variable_set& operator=(const xpath_variable_set& rhs);
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_MOVE
+               // Move semantics support
+               xpath_variable_set(xpath_variable_set&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT;
+               xpath_variable_set& operator=(xpath_variable_set&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT;
+       #endif
+
+               // Add a new variable or get the existing one, if the types match
+               xpath_variable* add(const char_t* name, xpath_value_type type);
+
+               // Set value of an existing variable; no type conversion is performed, false is returned if there is no such variable or if types mismatch
+               bool set(const char_t* name, bool value);
+               bool set(const char_t* name, double value);
+               bool set(const char_t* name, const char_t* value);
+               bool set(const char_t* name, const xpath_node_set& value);
+
+               // Get existing variable by name
+               xpath_variable* get(const char_t* name);
+               const xpath_variable* get(const char_t* name) const;
+       };
+
+       // A compiled XPath query object
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xpath_query
+       {
+       private:
+               void* _impl;
+               xpath_parse_result _result;
+
+               typedef void (*unspecified_bool_type)(xpath_query***);
+
+               // Non-copyable semantics
+               xpath_query(const xpath_query&);
+               xpath_query& operator=(const xpath_query&);
+
+       public:
+               // Construct a compiled object from XPath expression.
+               // If PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS is not defined, throws xpath_exception on compilation errors.
+               explicit xpath_query(const char_t* query, xpath_variable_set* variables = 0);
+
+               // Constructor
+               xpath_query();
+
+               // Destructor
+               ~xpath_query();
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_MOVE
+               // Move semantics support
+               xpath_query(xpath_query&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT;
+               xpath_query& operator=(xpath_query&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT;
+       #endif
+
+               // Get query expression return type
+               xpath_value_type return_type() const;
+
+               // Evaluate expression as boolean value in the specified context; performs type conversion if necessary.
+               // If PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS is not defined, throws std::bad_alloc on out of memory errors.
+               bool evaluate_boolean(const xpath_node& n) const;
+
+               // Evaluate expression as double value in the specified context; performs type conversion if necessary.
+               // If PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS is not defined, throws std::bad_alloc on out of memory errors.
+               double evaluate_number(const xpath_node& n) const;
+
+       #ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+               // Evaluate expression as string value in the specified context; performs type conversion if necessary.
+               // If PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS is not defined, throws std::bad_alloc on out of memory errors.
+               string_t evaluate_string(const xpath_node& n) const;
+       #endif
+
+               // Evaluate expression as string value in the specified context; performs type conversion if necessary.
+               // At most capacity characters are written to the destination buffer, full result size is returned (includes terminating zero).
+               // If PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS is not defined, throws std::bad_alloc on out of memory errors.
+               // If PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS is defined, returns empty  set instead.
+               size_t evaluate_string(char_t* buffer, size_t capacity, const xpath_node& n) const;
+
+               // Evaluate expression as node set in the specified context.
+               // If PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS is not defined, throws xpath_exception on type mismatch and std::bad_alloc on out of memory errors.
+               // If PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS is defined, returns empty node set instead.
+               xpath_node_set evaluate_node_set(const xpath_node& n) const;
+
+               // Evaluate expression as node set in the specified context.
+               // Return first node in document order, or empty node if node set is empty.
+               // If PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS is not defined, throws xpath_exception on type mismatch and std::bad_alloc on out of memory errors.
+               // If PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS is defined, returns empty node instead.
+               xpath_node evaluate_node(const xpath_node& n) const;
+
+               // Get parsing result (used to get compilation errors in PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS mode)
+               const xpath_parse_result& result() const;
+
+               // Safe bool conversion operator
+               operator unspecified_bool_type() const;
+
+               // Borland C++ workaround
+               bool operator!() const;
+       };
+
+       #ifndef PUGIXML_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+       // XPath exception class
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xpath_exception: public std::exception
+       {
+       private:
+               xpath_parse_result _result;
+
+       public:
+               // Construct exception from parse result
+               explicit xpath_exception(const xpath_parse_result& result);
+
+               // Get error message
+               virtual const char* what() const throw() PUGIXML_OVERRIDE;
+
+               // Get parse result
+               const xpath_parse_result& result() const;
+       };
+       #endif
+
+       // XPath node class (either xml_node or xml_attribute)
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xpath_node
+       {
+       private:
+               xml_node _node;
+               xml_attribute _attribute;
+
+               typedef void (*unspecified_bool_type)(xpath_node***);
+
+       public:
+               // Default constructor; constructs empty XPath node
+               xpath_node();
+
+               // Construct XPath node from XML node/attribute
+               xpath_node(const xml_node& node);
+               xpath_node(const xml_attribute& attribute, const xml_node& parent);
+
+               // Get node/attribute, if any
+               xml_node node() const;
+               xml_attribute attribute() const;
+
+               // Get parent of contained node/attribute
+               xml_node parent() const;
+
+               // Safe bool conversion operator
+               operator unspecified_bool_type() const;
+
+               // Borland C++ workaround
+               bool operator!() const;
+
+               // Comparison operators
+               bool operator==(const xpath_node& n) const;
+               bool operator!=(const xpath_node& n) const;
+       };
+
+#ifdef __BORLANDC__
+       // Borland C++ workaround
+       bool PUGIXML_FUNCTION operator&&(const xpath_node& lhs, bool rhs);
+       bool PUGIXML_FUNCTION operator||(const xpath_node& lhs, bool rhs);
+#endif
+
+       // A fixed-size collection of XPath nodes
+       class PUGIXML_CLASS xpath_node_set
+       {
+       public:
+               // Collection type
+               enum type_t
+               {
+                       type_unsorted,                  // Not ordered
+                       type_sorted,                    // Sorted by document order (ascending)
+                       type_sorted_reverse             // Sorted by document order (descending)
+               };
+
+               // Constant iterator type
+               typedef const xpath_node* const_iterator;
+
+               // We define non-constant iterator to be the same as constant iterator so that various generic algorithms (i.e. boost foreach) work
+               typedef const xpath_node* iterator;
+
+               // Default constructor. Constructs empty set.
+               xpath_node_set();
+
+               // Constructs a set from iterator range; data is not checked for duplicates and is not sorted according to provided type, so be careful
+               xpath_node_set(const_iterator begin, const_iterator end, type_t type = type_unsorted);
+
+               // Destructor
+               ~xpath_node_set();
+
+               // Copy constructor/assignment operator
+               xpath_node_set(const xpath_node_set& ns);
+               xpath_node_set& operator=(const xpath_node_set& ns);
+
+       #ifdef PUGIXML_HAS_MOVE
+               // Move semantics support
+               xpath_node_set(xpath_node_set&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT;
+               xpath_node_set& operator=(xpath_node_set&& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT;
+       #endif
+
+               // Get collection type
+               type_t type() const;
+
+               // Get collection size
+               size_t size() const;
+
+               // Indexing operator
+               const xpath_node& operator[](size_t index) const;
+
+               // Collection iterators
+               const_iterator begin() const;
+               const_iterator end() const;
+
+               // Sort the collection in ascending/descending order by document order
+               void sort(bool reverse = false);
+
+               // Get first node in the collection by document order
+               xpath_node first() const;
+
+               // Check if collection is empty
+               bool empty() const;
+
+       private:
+               type_t _type;
+
+               xpath_node _storage;
+
+               xpath_node* _begin;
+               xpath_node* _end;
+
+               void _assign(const_iterator begin, const_iterator end, type_t type);
+               void _move(xpath_node_set& rhs) PUGIXML_NOEXCEPT;
+       };
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PUGIXML_NO_STL
+       // Convert wide string to UTF8
+       std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > PUGIXML_FUNCTION as_utf8(const wchar_t* str);
+       std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > PUGIXML_FUNCTION as_utf8(const std::basic_string<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t>, std::allocator<wchar_t> >& str);
+
+       // Convert UTF8 to wide string
+       std::basic_string<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t>, std::allocator<wchar_t> > PUGIXML_FUNCTION as_wide(const char* str);
+       std::basic_string<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t>, std::allocator<wchar_t> > PUGIXML_FUNCTION as_wide(const std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >& str);
+#endif
+
+       // Memory allocation function interface; returns pointer to allocated memory or NULL on failure
+       typedef void* (*allocation_function)(size_t size);
+
+       // Memory deallocation function interface
+       typedef void (*deallocation_function)(void* ptr);
+
+       // Override default memory management functions. All subsequent allocations/deallocations will be performed via supplied functions.
+       void PUGIXML_FUNCTION set_memory_management_functions(allocation_function allocate, deallocation_function deallocate);
+
+       // Get current memory management functions
+       allocation_function PUGIXML_FUNCTION get_memory_allocation_function();
+       deallocation_function PUGIXML_FUNCTION get_memory_deallocation_function();
+}
+
+#if !defined(PUGIXML_NO_STL) && (defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__ICC))
+namespace std
+{
+       // Workarounds for (non-standard) iterator category detection for older versions (MSVC7/IC8 and earlier)
+       std::bidirectional_iterator_tag PUGIXML_FUNCTION _Iter_cat(const pugi::xml_node_iterator&);
+       std::bidirectional_iterator_tag PUGIXML_FUNCTION _Iter_cat(const pugi::xml_attribute_iterator&);
+       std::bidirectional_iterator_tag PUGIXML_FUNCTION _Iter_cat(const pugi::xml_named_node_iterator&);
+}
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(PUGIXML_NO_STL) && defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
+namespace std
+{
+       // Workarounds for (non-standard) iterator category detection
+       std::bidirectional_iterator_tag PUGIXML_FUNCTION __iterator_category(const pugi::xml_node_iterator&);
+       std::bidirectional_iterator_tag PUGIXML_FUNCTION __iterator_category(const pugi::xml_attribute_iterator&);
+       std::bidirectional_iterator_tag PUGIXML_FUNCTION __iterator_category(const pugi::xml_named_node_iterator&);
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+// Make sure implementation is included in header-only mode
+// Use macro expansion in #include to work around QMake (QTBUG-11923)
+#if defined(PUGIXML_HEADER_ONLY) && !defined(PUGIXML_SOURCE)
+#      define PUGIXML_SOURCE "pugixml.cpp"
+#      include PUGIXML_SOURCE
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2018 Arseny Kapoulkine
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
+ * obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
+ * files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
+ * restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
+ * copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+ * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
+ * conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
+ * OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+ * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
+ * HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
+ * OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */