The following comments are intended for core gdcm developpers. * Python related section. Depending on the automake/autoconf/autogen.sh flags you used gdcm could be wrapped in two ways: - the first python wrappers of gdcm uses Swig (http://www.swig.org). These are the one generated when using autogen.sh --enable-python. The entry point here is the file gdcmPython/gdcm.i which uses the Swig syntax. As the last lines of this file (the ones starting with the %include directive) only some classes are wrapped for python. In theory only the library interface (basically the classes gdcmHeader and gdcmFile) should be wrapped, but the time being some additional classes are added (just to make sure those classes are Swig compatible: swig is here used as some link checker!?). Since gdcm is written in C++, Swig will produce two different outputs: -- some C based low level wrapper (see gdcmPython/gdcm_wrap.c) -- some Python based object oriented so called "shadow classes" (see file gdcmPython/gdcm.py) We also added the file gdcmPython/__init__.py which is the one that actually gets loaded when one uses the gdcmPython Python package. The file __init__.py loads the Swig generated shadow classes (gdcm.py) but will only re-export the interface of gdcm which corresponds to the lines : gdcmHeader = gdcm.gdcmHeader gdcmDictSet = gdcm.gdcmDictSet gdcmFile = gdcm.gdcmFile Hence this whole Swig wrapping process is quite odd since we shall wrap more classes (%include in swig.i) that eventually get exported to the final user by gdcmPython/__init__.py. - the second python wrappers uses the vtk (http://public.kitware.com/VTK/) native wrappers i.e. the binary vtkWrapPython. But it should be noticed that the purpous is here a bit different than the one of the Swig generated Python wrappers. When using vtkWrapPython the goal is to wrap a single vtk class namely vtkGdcmReader as defined in files vtk/vtkGdcmReader.h and vtk/vtkGdcmReader.cxx (and of course those files are hand made vtk oriented wrappers of gdcm). Those wrappers are the one generated when using autogen.sh --enable-python --enable-vtk - In order to understand the difference between both wrappers you should compare both demo scripts gdcmPython/demo/vtkGdcmDemo.py and gdcmPython/demo/vtkGdcmReader.py. The first one only uses the Swig wrapped classes ("from gdcmPython import gdcmHeader') as opposed to vtkGdcmReader.py which also uses vtkWrapPython wrapped classes ("from gdcmPython.vtkgdcmPython import *").